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This article talks about how Fresno's supply of the raw material required to make concrete, asphalt, road base and other building products is decreasing quickly. Since this raw material is used by a majority of industries, the decreased supply will have a significant effect.

This article is about how the aggregate supply in Fresno County is reducing due to the lack of reserves of raw materials such as mines. The aggregate reserves is less than 11 percent of the 50 year demand, and mining operations are estimated to have less than 10 years to end. If mines can run out, so can oil and gas. We should be alarmed that our aggregate supply of country might also decrease due to lack of oil.

The areticle is about the Reserve Bank of India stopped listening to lullabies of praise on its exemplary handling of monetary and exchange rate policies. The current policy keeps piling up useless reserves, offers wholly avoidable arbitrage opportunities to patriotic residents and even more patriotic non-residents, hikes interest rates, depresses growth and widens the fiscal deficit. People are raising dollar debt and not bothering to cover forward. They are confident that the rupee would either appreciate against the dollar or at least hold steady till repayment time.When dollars come into India, they have to be converted into rupees. This conversion bloats our forex reserves and injects rupees into the system. If all the rupees created as a result of dollar inflows were to be allowed to add to the money supply, that would reduce interest rates and also create the potential for inflation. So the RBI sterilises such rupee injections by selling government bonds and mopping up rupees from the system. The increased supply of government bonds brings down their price, hiking the yield. Thus, sterilisation pushes up interest rates.

This article discusses the delicate balance between fiscal and monetary policy. The president of the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, Eric Rosengren, blames inefficient fiscal policy on the little-effect monetary policy is having on the economy. He argues that tight fiscal policy, or contractionary strategies, are making it more difficult for the Federal Reserve to lower the unemployment rate. However, it is important to understand that monetary or fiscal policy is not better than the other. Instead, it is likely to take a combination of strategies to combat problems in the economy.

This article deals with the delicate balance between inflation that is too high or too low. The president of the Federal Reserve Bank in St. Louis, James Bullard, argues that the current inflation rate (1.3%) may be getting dangerously close to reaching deflation. Although the unemployment rate has remained higher than 7%, the inflation rate is well below the comfortable 2% goal kept by the Federal Reserve. If the issue becomes preventing deflation, the "Fed" should instead use policies to increase the money supply rather than adopt "tight" money supplies that slow inflation and economic growth.

This article takes about the Reserve Bank has turned to a growth. The author explains how the aggregated demand (even not visible) isn't the main factor.

This article is fairly recent and introduced me to another way of measuring economic growth in industries. the IIP stands for the Index for Industrial Production and it is discussed in the article that this value has corresponded to what has been expected, a negative number that is close to zero. This however is because there are many factors that are affecting aggregate supply, such as wage price inflation and the increase in land, a factor of production. However the author doesnt seem to be too worried about aggregate supply, rather He is worried that aggregate demand is on its way down.

This article talks about an increase in wages in India and that land prices is a key factor in wage changes. Also they are talking about a reserve bank, how it turned to grow and essential role of aggregate demand in it operating.

The justice department of the Untied States has filed charges against Standard & Poor's, the largest credit ranking agency, for its involvement in the 2008 financial crisis. The article mentions how our current market, where three large credit agencies have had a sort of monopoly over the market, contrasts with the ideal form of perfect competition (where firms move freely but within certain rules). The author suggests however that the Federal Reserve may have had an equally significant role in the economic collapse, and by not acknowledging its own faults may give off a very poor image to the public.

This article discusses how oil is becoming an inelastic good. Although people can arrange their lives to reduce their consumption of oil, quickly there comes a point where it is not possible to purchase a smaller amount of oil. Oil would definitely be considered an essential good.

The article evaluates elasticity in terms of oil supply and demand. it states that there are still untapped oil reserves which are more expensive to obtain and requires more time. As a result, oil is becoming less elastic. it talks of possible ways of reducing oil consumption such as public transport or getting a more fuel efficient vehicle which is unlikely as it is expensive. it also evaluates the the elasticity of supply. it talks off how suppliers need a minimum price/barrel in order to keep a balanced budget so suppliers are reluctant in increasing supply in order to reduced the prices. It provides data over a 10year time period which analyses the oil consumption and supply of oil in terms of different uses and change in costs. It also relates it to the recession stating that job loss has lead to less people commuting decreasing demand and increasing price

As banks are starting to snatch up smaller banks and are headed toward a oligopoly, the U.S. federal reserve has started to try and take action. With just two banks leading the forefront (Wells Fargo and Chase), other banks have started to pull out, stating that their competitors have become too powerful.

When it comes to the reasons of deflation most of the economists see it as a monetary phenomenon which is affected by demand and supply. If the supply of money is more than demand then the value of money increases and prices go up as a consequence. When the supply of the products are higher than demand it results with the mass production which leads to the fall of prices. Some people believe that the deflation occurs because of the mass production and falling the aggregate level of demand. The biggest effect of deflation is unemployement. Deefletion is more serious and dfficult than inflation. To prevent deflation first is give an upward push to the aggreagte demand by increasing government spending or the second they can increase the money supply by decreasing cash reverse ratio.

When it comes to the deflation some of the economists believe that it is a monetary phenomenon which is affected by supply and demand. The reasons that leads to deflation are if supply of money is less than its demand than the value of money increases and the prices would go up. If the supply of the product is more tha its demand then it will lead to the mass production which the large amount of products will lead the prices to fall immidietly. The biggest effect of deflation is unempoyment. Deflation is more diffucult and serious than inflation. To prevent deflation first give an upward push to the aggregate demand by increasing government spending or the secong they can increase the money supply by decreasing cash reserve ratio.

This article discusses the options that Reserve Bank of India governor Duvvuri Subbarao faces regarding how to handle the current issue of slow economic growth in the country. The author argues that a lack of aggregate demand is not to blame for the economic issues, so attempting to increase demand through lower interest rates, for example, is not the correct way to go about solving the issue. Instead, he points to fundamental issues in the management of the country's economy that have led to an unstable condition.

The primary reason unemployment remains high is a lack of demand. An aggregate demand shortfall is exactly the kind of problem monetary policy can address. Thus, we need powerful and continuing monetary stimulus to move toward maximum employment and price stability. The following is adapted from a presentation by the president and CEO of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco to The Forecasters Club in New York, New York, on February 21, 2013.

The article is talking about the strengthening housing recovery and robust auto sales contributed to moderate growth across the United States.Employers added only 88,000 jobs in March, a sharp slowdown from average gains of 220,000 in November through February. And consumers cut back on their spending at retail stores and restaurants last month, a sign that higher Social Security taxes have made more Americans cautious about spending.Debate was about Fed policymakers about when to rein in the bond-buying program, which began last fall.The Fed is expected to stick with plans to keep short-term interest rates at record lows at least until unemployment falls to 6.5 percent. And it will likely continue purchasing $85 billion a month in Treasury and mortgage bonds to lower long-term rates and encouraging more borrowing.

The federal reserve decided to choose to save jobs instead of fight inflation. They realized that they have to fight unemployment.

This article talks about the rising tensions in the middle east and its effect on the price of oil in the world. As the middle east supplies most of the world with oil, the recent demonstrations in Libya and Egypt, and the sanctions on Iran are causing oil prices to rise. The threat of higher prices due to the fact that only a few countries control the limited oil supply in the world is causing increased pressure on the United States to release their oil supplies.

I like how you identified that all of this forces the U.S. to consider releasing their oil supplies. Some problems with this are that it is currently not possible to do so in the areas where oil is most abundant. After the B.P. oil spill, the current administration put a time ban on all off-shore drilling and new construction. If this ban were to be lifted, companies like B.P., Shell, and Marathon would begin constructing new refinement plants and drilling facilities immediately, which would significantly reduce the price of oil at home. When some people here this, their inclination is to say "the government has good reason to do this, look at what happened in the gulf, it is better to ere on the side of caution," but the sad thing is, these companies have put forth revised safety plans as well as contingency plans that have all been approved, but legally, they can do nothing. The companies own the land / water as well, which in my mind makes the fact that they are prohibited to build on land that they own that has never been part of a reserve or park seem a tad bit anti-constitutional, but until the piece of legislation is overturned, prices will continue to rise.

NEW DELHI got caught off guard by recent appreciation of the rupee, particularly against the euro, the majority of the exporting firms surveyed by FICCI want the Reserve Bank to peg a fixed currency exchange rate. They took a cue from China, which has pegged a fixed rate of yuan against the US dollar.An overwhelming 88 per cent of the 278 exporting firms participating in the survey, said the sudden appreciation in rupee has affected their margins. They lost on account of forward contracts that were booked to hedge currency risk.