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katherine-medina

The chemical composition and antioxidant properties of common dandelion leaves compared... - 1 views

cdnsciencepub.com/...cjps-2016-0409

Dandelions environmental antioxidants HSR-2023 botany

shared by katherine-medina on 06 Jun 23 - No Cached
  • sea buckthorn leaves exhibited a significantly higher level of antioxidant activity as measured by ABTS
  • . Dandelion leaves were richer in tocopherols, thiamine, riboflavin, and niacin while the sea buckthorn leaves contained higher levels of l-ascorbic acid.
  • aw dandelion are partly related to the antioxidant properties of some of its components;
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 06 Jun 23
       
      Why haven't they done more studies on this specific part about dandelions?
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • The present study will also be helpful with regard to the standardization of bioactive content in plant materials.
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 06 Jun 23
       
      Cool, cool, although I was hopping that their goal was something slightly different.
  • polyphenols: flavonoids, isoflavones, anthocyanins, and catechins
  • Sea buckthorn
  • Plants contain small amounts of lead, which may significantly increase when exposed to lead contamination in the soil and air; however, lead was not detected in the examined leaves of dandelion and sea buckthorn.
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 06 Jun 23
       
      Did not know that.
  • neutralize ABTS
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 06 Jun 23
       
      So essentially the higher the antioxidant concentration the more the color of the ABTS changes.
  • katherine-medina on 06 Jun 23
     
    This article helped me understand a few of the different antioxidants that dandelions, and sea buckthorn.
katherine-medina

The Efficacy of Dandelion Root Extract in Inducing Apoptosis in Drug-Resistant Human Me... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3018636

Dandelions Cancer-fighting botany HSR-2023 potential research idea Melanoma

shared by katherine-medina on 07 Jun 23 - No Cached
Sean Nash liked it
  • 2. Materials and Methods
  • 2. Materials and Methods
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 07 Jun 23
       
      If I plan on doing some sort of experiment with Dandelion root, I will likely need to come back and look at how this study did it.
  • After a long exposure of 96 hours, NHFs did not exhibit any reduction in cell viability
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 07 Jun 23
       
      Wow, so even after 3 days the Dandelion Root did nothing to the NHF aka. normal human cells.
  • ...15 more annotations...
  • With DRE having proven its efficacy in successfully killing this aggressive, chemoresistant form of skin cancer, DRE toxicity on normal cells had to be evaluated
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 07 Jun 23
       
      Always remember to hav e a control.
  • DRE was found to reduce cell viability in a dose-dependent fashion, over time, in A375 melanoma cells as was measured by WST-1 assay. Based on metabolic activity of A375s, it was confirmed that treatment at 2.5 mg/mL DRE resulted in ~50% reduction in cell viability against control within 24 hours (Figure 1(a))
  • Higher doses were then used and a response was observed at a concentration of 10 mg/mL (
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 07 Jun 23
       
      For different types of melanoma a different amount of DRE is needed.
  • Typical apoptotic morphology was observed in G361 cells treated with DRE starting at 5 mg/mL concentrations for 72 hours
  • . However, there has been little scientific advancement made in this field with regard to the effect of dandelion root extract on cancer, and even more so on chemoresistant, human malignant melanoma skin cancer.
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 07 Jun 23
       
      I do so love it when the author identifies the fact that there is so few research papers about DRE.
  • ) is more than a worthy chemopreventative, it is fast-acting, nontoxic, and therefore specific in its targeting of human melanoma cancer cells, making it a valuable chemotherapeutic. We have investigated the induction of apoptosis in human malignant melanoma cells and observed its long-term effects in human melanoma cancer.
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 07 Jun 23
       
      alrighty then.
  • We are yet to determine the effect of each of the individual components (such as the family of triterpene alcohols and phenolic acids—found in the roots—and cinnamic acids, flavinoids and coumarins—that are found in the leaves
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 07 Jun 23
       
      Maybe I could look into the specific component that kills the cancer, so that in future years after I had figured this out I could put it into practice.
  • Given that DRE has traditionally been used naturopathically for a variety of ailments, we assume that it would be relatively nontoxic to healthy cells. Our results show that the Normal Human Fibroblasts (NHFs) (which were treated at a low population doubling where NHFs have the best proliferation rate) and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells remained unaffected and healthy after a 96-hour and 48- hour exposure to DRE, respectively (Figures 2(a)–2(d)).
  • Lupeol,
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 07 Jun 23
       
      What is Lupeol. (I should probably look into that.)
  • taraxasterol
  • More importantly, an increase in ROS production indicates prooxidant behaviour of DRE on cancer cell mitochondria, which is contrary to the antioxidant convictions of traditional medicine and previous studies on Taraxacum extracts citing reductions in NO, ROS, RNS, and COX-2 [10, 11] in mouse macrophages.
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 07 Jun 23
       
      That is very important and interesting.
  • There are two main points that must be stated here: firstly, that noncancerous cells are unaffected by DRE treatment, and secondly, melanoma cells retain the signals to commit suicide long after DRE has been removed from the system
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 07 Jun 23
       
      Good to restate.
  • Metformin acts as a metabolism interfering compound that debilitates cancer cells, and the case of G361-resistant melanoma cells, combining DRE with metformin reduces cell viability at even lower doses (Figures 9(a) and 9(b)).
  • By 48 hours, human melanoma A375 cells uncharacteristically showed susceptibility to apoptosis induction by DRE
  • We believe that this nontoxic extract can undergo precipitous translation from bench top to bedside, with dandelion products that are already commercially available in the form of tea and supplements.
  • katherine-medina on 07 Jun 23
     
    Essentially it is an article that figured out that DRE can induce apoptosis in melanoma cells, and it also proved that DRE is non-toxic to normal human cells.
katherine-medina

Dandelion root extract affects colorectal cancer proliferation and survival through the... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC5341965

Dandelions Cancer-fighting HSR-2023 potential research idea botany colon-cancer

shared by katherine-medina on 09 Jun 23 - No Cached
Sean Nash liked it
  • of an aqueous dandelion root extract
  • caspase-8 activation was not essential for the induction of cell death in colon cancer cells as an inhibition of caspase-8 activation did not alter the cytotoxicity of DRE
  • We have been able to identify four pharmacologically active components, α-amyrin, β-amyrin, lupeol and taraxasterol, in two out of the six bioactive fractions, but the anti-cancer activities of the individual compounds were not as strong as that of the unfractionated DRE indicating, clearly, the benefits of using the whole extract.
  • ...16 more annotations...
  • which might represent a novel non-toxic alternative to conventional cancer therapy available today.
  • These results clearly indicate that dandelion root extract can inhibit the ability of colorectal cancer cells to migrate and invade, and therefore metastasize to secondary locations.
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 09 Jun 23
       
      Wow. I like to see that in 3 different studies DRE was proven to selectively pick the cancer cells, and ignore the normal cells.
  • morphological differences in tissue slices between the control untreated and the DRE treated group
  • aken together, these results established that systemic oral intake of the DRE was safe and its anti-cancer efficacy should be further investigated.
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 09 Jun 23
       
      I love the fact that they yet again state that I should look more into this topic.
  • , but the DRE treatment efficiently suppressed the growth of both p53 WT and p53 mutant tumors in-vivo (Figure 4B – 4C)
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 09 Jun 23
       
      great, they suppressed the growth of the tumors.
  • with no difference between the control and DRE treated samples of NCM460
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 09 Jun 23
       
      I would not have thought that the mitochondria would be left alone by the drug.
  • We observed a decrease in the viability of cells treated with α-amyrin, with 10 μM as the most effective concentration.
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 09 Jun 23
       
      Hmm. the beginnings of narrowing down what it is about the plant that is able to fight cancer.
  • The results showed a progressive destabilization of the mitochondrial membrane following the DRE treatment, which was observed as early as 30 minutes post treatment (Figure ​6C). Pro-caspase-8 (green) was localized in the mitochondria (red) in control untreated cells; however, following the DRE treatment, activated caspase-8 was released from the mitochondria into cytoplasmic space, as indicated by the dispersed green fluorescence (Figure ​6C
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 09 Jun 23
       
      Pro-capase-8 helps to fight against the cancer
  • suggesting that in HT-29 colorectal cancer cells the DRE-induced cell death was caspase-8 independent.
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 09 Jun 23
       
      So essentially caspase 8 had nothing to do with it
  • Others suggest that following activation, caspases re-localize to the mitochondria, where they interact with other pro-apoptotic proteins during the progression of apoptosis [15]. A third option, put forward by Qin and colleagues, suggests that inactive caspases are kept in the mitochondria, but following apoptotic stimuli and activation, they are released from the mitochondria into the cytoplasmic peri-nuclear space [
  • However, these results indicate that DRE and its anti-cancer components must be absorbed and circulated, in order to reach the site of the tumor (in order to inhibit tumor growth).
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 09 Jun 23
       
      So it needs to be drank, or swallowed in a pill form to work.
  • , we confirmed the vulnerability of cancer cell mitochondria by showing that the DRE treatment led to a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential and increase in ROS levels in the isolated mitochondria.
  • caspase-8 specific inhibitor, IETD-fmk, did not change the DRE response in these cells. This was in contrast to our previous study in leukemia and pancreatic cancer cells
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 09 Jun 23
       
      For each different cancer a new slightly different result is produced
  • he pro-apoptotic genes including Caspase-1, Interferon gamma and the TNF ligands and receptors, were up-regulated in HT-29 cells, prior to the apoptosis induction, while the same genes were down-regulated in NCM460 cells.
  • Previous findings show that taraxasterol has anti-inflammatory and chemopreventive activit
  • suggesting its importance in the anti-cancer activity of dandelion root extract, especially on the expression levels of COX-2. Additionally, we show that 10 μM lupeol is not very effective on its own
  • katherine-medina on 09 Jun 23
     
    Yet another article about how DRE can fight against cancer.
katherine-medina

Sci-Hub | Dandelion Root and Lemongrass Extracts Induce Apoptosis, Enhance Chemotherape... - 1 views

sci-hub.ru/...31391857

Cancer-fighting dandelions potential research idea environmental HSR-2023

shared by katherine-medina on 04 Jun 23 - No Cached
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 04 Jun 23
       
      They found cancer cell-fighting properties in the dandelion root, lemon grass, long pepper, and hibiscus extract. (I should probably look into what makes these plants prone to killing cancer cells.)
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 04 Jun 23
       
      In order to further understand how these complex extracts exhibit their anticancer efects, the mechanism of apoptotic induction should be investigated. In order to determine if apoptosis is induced through oxidative stress, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is used
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 04 Jun 23
       
      Okay, so they made sure to have a control group of cancer cells, then a group of healthy cells that are being experimented on with the liquid, then they had the cancer-ridden cells.
  • ...1 more annotation...
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 04 Jun 23
       
      s. Tus, we have shown for the frst time that these NHPs can be used as adjuvants to chemotherapies and potentially enhance their effect.
  • katherine-medina on 04 Jun 23
     
    I will likely come back to this if I so choose to look into how dandelion roots fight cancer.
  • Sean Nash on 04 Jun 23
     
    Yes. Another approach is often... once (if) you can find a suggested mechanism of action... you can often pivot with that action into looking for similar effects in other areas (doesn't have to be human or mammal cancer cells). That area isn't a no-go, but it does present feasibility issues to be tackled. If you can find a suggested mechanism, then you can think more widely about how else could you look to see if that effect can be leveraged in other areas. That is often how you can move toward an easily feasible model organism to test that effect on. Keep up the good work!
katherine-medina

Full article: Effect of Dandelion root extract on growth performance, immune function a... - 0 views

www.tandfonline.com/...09540105.2018.1548578

pig-experiments Dandelion Chineses-herbs HSR-2023 supplemental-research

shared by katherine-medina on 13 Jun 23 - No Cached
Sean Nash liked it
  • From days 12 to 14 and days 26 to 28, approximately 100 g of faeces was collected from each pen for 3 days and the faecal samples were stored at −20°C. The 3-d faecal collection was pooled by pen and then dried at 65°C for 72 h.
  • From days 12 to 14 and days 26 to 28, approximately 100 g of faeces was collected from each pen for 3 days and the faecal samples were stored at −20°C. The 3-d faecal collection was pooled by pen and then dried at 65°C for 72 h.
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 13 Jun 23
       
      Kinda gross, but interesting to know how and when the collected the "feces."
  • There were no differences in the ATTD of GE, CP, NDF and ADF among the three treatments.
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 13 Jun 23
       
      Interesting that there was no difference between the three groups in that category.
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • uring days 15–28, pigs in the CHE group had lower (P < .05) diarrhoea frequency compared with those in the NC treatment, and dietary CHE supplementation decreased the diarrhoea frequency by 63.62% and 57.82% compared with the NC and PC groups, respectively
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 13 Jun 23
       
      So the Chinese herbal extract did a better job at reducing the diarrhoea frequency by 63.62 and 57.82% in comparison to the NC and PC groups.
  • Moreover, the concentration of IL-6 in serum in pigs fed the CHE diet was greater (P < .05) than those fed the NC diet.
  • There were no differences in the concentrations of IgA, IgG, IgM, GSH-PX, MDA, TNF-α, IL-4 and IL-1β among the three treatments.
  • Furthermore, pigs in the CHE group had greater (P < .05) formic acid, propionate and butyrate concentrations in faeces compared with pigs in the PC group, and had greater (P < .05) formic acid, butyrate and valerate concentrations in faeces compared with pigs in the NC group
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 13 Jun 23
       
      Cool to note that the CHE group had a lower lactic acid concentration in comparison to the PC group.
  • Pigs in the CHE group showed increased relative abundance of Sytrophococcus on genus level, and decreased (P < .05) relative abundance of Clostridiaceae_1
  • In addition, relative abundances of genus Selenomonas, Alloprevotella, Prevotella_2, Rjkenellaceae, and Kitasatospora all increased in faecal samples when pigs fed the PC diet.
  • CHE supplementation decreased the diarrhoea frequency of pigs compared with diets with or without antibiotics supplemented. Some previous studies also reported the positive effects of dietary Chinese herbs supplementation on diarrhoea frequency of weaned pigs
  • he increased concentrations of immune markers in serum and faecal SCFAs in weaned pigs consumed CHE in our study may explain the positive effects of CHE supplementation on diarrhoea frequency and nutrient digestibility
  • but decreased the incidence of diarrhoea and increased digestibility of some nutrients.
  • In addition, CHE supplementation improved faecal SCFAs concentrations and immune function of weaned pigs, and shaped faecal microbial community in weaned pigs. As a result, the traditional Chinese herb medicine, CHE, could act as a potential alternative to the antibiotics such as aureomycin used in weaned pig diets.
    • katherine-medina
      katherine-medina on 13 Jun 23
       
      I do quite enjoy this closing statement, so in summary CHE works to decrease diarrhoea in weened pigs.
  • katherine-medina on 13 Jun 23
     
    An article showing that pigs who ate CHE had a significant decrease in diahrroea.
  • Sean Nash on 15 Jun 23
     
    Super interesting. Just remember that experimentation on mammals where diet is altered, etc... is a super tightrope walk. It is almost impossible to get those approved. You would have to really dig into the ISEF rules on that. However, you can always think about ways to transfer ideas and concepts down to a "lower" animal model for many studies.
  • Sean Nash on 15 Jun 23
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