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The Royal Pharmaceutical Society (RPS) has backed a new framework from NHS England to reduce inappropriate prescribing of addiction-causing medicines. It believes that the new framework is a positive step towards improving patient care by supporting medicine reviews and shared decision making to help people reduce their use of medicines that are no longer providing much clinical benefit. The society has also welcomed investment in innovative approaches to supporting patients and urged all pharmacists to refer people to such schemes. Director for England at RPS, James Davies said: "Pharmacists are well-placed to help reduce inappropriate prescribing of high strength painkillers such as opioids and other addictive medicines. "Pharmacy teams can also often spot repeat purchases of over the counter medicines by patients so are well placed to intervene and give advice on the management of chronic pain. Whilst opioids can play an important part in helping people with chronic pain there has long been a need for alternative approaches that are safer and more effective for patients.

The Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) has reclassified codeine linctus, a medicine used for the treatment of dry cough, from a pharmacy-only medicine (P) to a prescription-only medicine (POM) owing to the risk of dependence, addiction, and overdose. This implies that the dry cough syrup, which is also known as codeine oral solution, can only be dispensed upon the submission of a prescription at a pharmacy, rather than being accessible over the counter upon request. Patients are cautioned that as an opioid medicine, codeine can be addictive, and the risk of addiction may increase, particularly with prolonged use over an extended period. According to the medicines regulator, codeine is converted into morphine by the liver enzyme CYP2D6. In individuals identified as ultra-rapid metabolizers, this conversion from codeine to morphine occurs at a faster rate than in others. "If you want to stop taking it and have been taking codeine linctus for a long time, then it is important to reduce the amount you take slowly with the help of your prescriber," the agency said in its drug safety update issued on Tuesday, 20 February.

A BBC investigation has found 20 UK online pharmacies selling prescription-only medicines without adhering to the regulatory standards, such as checking for GP approval or patient's medical records. The news organisation was able to purchase over 1,600 restricted pills, including anti-anxiety drug, painkiller and sleeping medication, from these regulated online pharmacies easily by providing false information. However, the report didn't mention the names of the drugs as "they can be dangerous when taken without medical guidance." Some pharmacies were also found selling high-risk and potentially addictive medicines, including benzodiazepines and antidepressants, based on online questionnaires and did not require further checks. The General Pharmaceutical Council (GPhC), which regulate online pharmacies in the UK, states that selling and supplying medicines at a distance brings "different risks which need to be appropriately managed to protect patient safety."

Directions in Addiction Treatment & Prevention Volume 23 is organized by Hatherleigh Medical Education

The Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) has reminded healthcare professionals prescribing aripiprazole to alert patients about its possible side effects, following a rise in the number of reports of gambling disorder associated with the drug. Patients taking aripiprazole, which is used for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, are at risk of developing unusual urges or cravings that they cannot resist, including behaviours such as addictive gambling, excessive eating or spending, or an abnormally high sex drive. The regulator has received 69 reports of gambling or gambling disorder suspected to be caused by aripiprazole in the last 14 years via the Yellow Card Scheme, out of which 32 were received between 1 January and 31 August this year. Alison Cave, MHRA Chief Safety Officer, said: "The number of reports for suspected gambling and other impulsive behaviours associated with aripiprazole are small in comparison to the frequency with which it is prescribed, but the consequences for any patient developing these conditions can be significant."

Premature ejaculation is a condition of losing the ability to control and maintain ejaculation reflexes in men when having sexual activity, thereby causing ejaculation even though it is not time to ejaculate, the consequences will create frustration, disappointment for one or both men and women. This problem can affect the happiness and happiness of both and is often called "not going to the market has run out of money". This pathology needs to be treated to fix it on a case-by-case basis. Premature ejaculation may be due to psychological and physical causes. In terms of psychological causes, in order to have a normal sexual intercourse between men and women at Men's Health Clinic, there must be a smooth balance between the excitement and inhibition processes; when excessive excitement can lead to premature ejaculation; In fact, masturbation in long-term men can form a reflex of conditional premature ejaculation, which in turn leads to premature ejaculation during actual sexual intercourse. Regarding the entity, there are many different causes such as: there is an increased sensitivity of the penis, pelvic inflammatory diseases, some endocrine disorders including hypogonadism, male sexual abstinence, increased blood prolactin ... Men's Health Clinic in Viet Nam can affect the function of penis erection and ejaculation function; There is also the hypothesis that serotonin receptors increase susceptibility, serotonin receptor hypersensitivity include 5-HT2C (5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C) receptors and 5-HT1A (5-hydroxytryptamine receptors). 1A) in the central nervous system can lead to premature ejaculation that has been accepted by many scientists. Source: Men's Health Clinic Viet Nam First, we have to ask about the disease that is acquired because the diagnosis of premature ejaculation is mainly based on the question. Questions can be divided into groups such as: Questions for diagnosis are set about how long ejaculation takes? Intravaginal ejaculation latency t