Harwood AP CHEM Project

oy Safety Directive 2009/48/EC (TSD)

It works by forcing together two types, or isotopes, of hydrogen

Provence in southern France

emand is expected to double by 2050, while the share coming from fossil fuels – currently 85%

generated more energy from fusion reactions than they put into the nuclear fuel,

The ultimate goal – to produce more energy than the whole experiment consumes – remains a long way off

with zero carbon emissions during operation and minimal waste

n 2006, they said that five chemicals — lead, methylmercury, arsenic, PCBs and toluene — should be considered toxic to the developing brain. The doctors did not conduct new studies on these substances, but now, based on a reading of new research, which has been exploding in recent years, they've added six more:• Manganese, a natural chemical found in drinking water in places like Bangladesh.• Fluoride, in high concentrations, which has caused problems in China, though the low levels added to American drinking water are presumed safe.• Chlorpyrifos, an insecticide used on golf courses and in agriculture among other places.• Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), an insecticide banned in the U.S. in the 1970s, but still used in some countries.• Tetrachloroethylene (PERC), a solvent used in dry cleaning and metal degreasing.• Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE), also known as flame retardants and often found in furniture, electronics and clothing, including children's pajamas.

38-year-old Toxic Substances Control Act

Various ancient civilizations, from the Egyptians to the Chinese, developed their own unique systems for practicing medicine in the fields of herbalism, anatomy, public health, and clinical diagnostics1. Medicine was not practiced by physicians, but rather by the common people through observation and empiricism. The great Greek poet Homer described Egypt as a land where “the earth, the giver of grain, bears the greatest store of drugs” and where “every man is a physician”. Homer’s mythology does have some truth to it. In the famous Ebers papyrus, dating back to 1550 B.C., the ancient Egyptians describe more than 700 medicinal formulas; some were incantations and placebos that delivered their therapeutic effects through spiritual healing.

seventeenth century B.C.

not until the 19th century that the pharmaceutical industry evolved more systematic and scientific practices.

POISONING HAZARDS

ASPIRATION HAZARDS

Lead-based paint is a major source of lead poisoning for children. In children, lead poisoning can cause irreversible brain damage and can impair mental functioning. Blood-lead level as low as 10 μg/dl (micrograms per deciliter) have been associated with learning disabilities, growth impairment, permanent hearing and visual impairment and other damage to the brain and nervous system.

produced a nine-minute animation

upports

The biopharmaceutical pipeline also has over 5,000 new medicines currently in development around the world with approximately 3,400 compounds currently being studied in the United States - more than in any other region around the world. 

can the chemicals in the toy result in an exposure, and is this exposure associated with a health risk.  In toxicology, this is described in the following equation: Risk = Exposure x Hazard

hildren under about 3 years of age often mouth toys and other objects.  Mouthing presents a high opportunity for exposure to chemicals, as well as accidental swallowing.  For example, some toy jewelry contains levels of lead and cadmium.  While these toys may be safe if they are only touched (lead and cadmium don’t easily penetrate human skin), they may not be safe if mouthed, since lead and cadmium dissolve in saliva and then get swallowed.