Roman Pontiff
Group items tagged
Power and Primacy of the Pope (1537): Smalcald Theologians - 5 views
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above all bishops and pastors
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pernicious
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calls himself [and boasts that he is] the vicar of Christ on earth
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false, godless, tyrannical, and [quite] pernicious to the Church.
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In addition to this, it is necessary to acknowledge that the keys belong not to the person of one particular man, but to the Church
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Followers shouldnt depend greatly on the people who serve the Church such as the pastors and ministers.
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necessary for salvation
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prerogative
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Sacraments
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a religious ceremony or act of the Christian Church that is regarded as an outward and visible sign of inward and spiritual divine grace, in particular
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Pope "boasting that he is the vicar of Christ on earth" contradicts all that he stands on. As he should be humble and help those in need instead of corrupt and greedily immersed in material goods and possessions.
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Christ expressly prohibits lordship among the apostles [that no apostle should have any supremacy over the rest].
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then how do they choose someone to be pope? they would have to start out as an apostle right?
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Of the Power and Primacy of the Pope
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Not only alliteration and a play of words, it concisely talks about the whole essence of his stance and the point of the essay. It shows (as we know from context and prior knowledge) that he is judging or perhaps questioning the power and primacy of the pope - disagreeing with how the pope is handling things, treating others and essentially how the pope can manipulate his power for his own benefit.
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vicar
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Look primarily for the critiques Luther asserts against the Catholic Church and reasons Luther denies the divinity of the Pope.
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no apostle should have any supremacy over the rest
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apostolic
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pernicious
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to the Church.
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false, godless, tyrannical,
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keys belong not to the person of one particular man, but to the Church
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Thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build My Church
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this doesn't mean that peter has to be pope, it could just mean he's an important member of the church
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doff h
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Christ gave to the apostles only spiritual power,
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Of course, giving man the power to rule will only eventually lead to corruption
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In the third place, this must be added: Even though the bishop of Rome had the primacy and superiority by divine right nevertheless obedience would not be due those pontiffs who defend godless services, idolatry, and doctrine conflicting with the Gospel.
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did not give the power of the sword, or the right to establish, occupy or confer kingdoms of the world [to set up or depose kings]
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papal laws
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let us show from the [holy] Gospel that the Roman bishop is not by divine right above
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This will be interesting... I think I can see how that would work - the Gospel does not support some of the things/rules the Church imposed, so it is possible to use the Gospels to prove the Church wrong in some areas. -
i really liked this part of the passage, b/c it showed someone actually saying that the pope was doing something wrong
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But God did give some people more power over others, like the power of prophecy
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pontiffs
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pontiffs
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True, there is no right for the Chruch officials to misbehave just because they are 'divine'
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define
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Define - key word; in order to argue, you must first open a platform and demonstrate the stance in which both sides are on and also know the definition of the topic, in this case, "divine right" otherwise, there is no purpose in arguing. They would be talking about two different things. This is exactly what he is doing.
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divine right
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divine right? i'm surprised that people were convinced by this in the first place
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ecumenical
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Basically the head of the Church? Wow, that is a system that is corrupt as it is not equal
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acknowledged Peter as a superior if Peter was superior by divine right
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but did Paul receive so much power from the Christ or is he just assuming that he did?
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I personally think no one is superior by "divine right". Who told the Pope that he was naturally supposed to rule over the Church? It is not even clear whether Christ gave Peter absolute supremacy. Though the Pope may claim that he derives his authority from God, I think it is somewhat unreliable to use God and that small section of the Bible as proof that Popes have absolute power and authority over the Church and people.
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i don't get why Jesus is saying that some people are superior but others aren't? -_____-
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Yeah, I agree. It's absolutely ridiculous! but I guess greed is a common trait amongst people and it was no exception for the Pope.
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Paul makes ministers equal, and teaches that the Church is above the ministers
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What is church in this case? Is it a system or is it a substitute for religion? If it is a system, isn't it also a hierarchy?
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If you read the next sentence, you'll see that it basically means that because the Church is above the ministers (the whole Church system has more power than individuals in the Church), absolute power cannot go to Peter - he does not have the right to rule over the Church or any of the ministers. This is equality, isn't it?It ensures that all the ministers, not an individual, exhibit equal power.
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I'm confused. I thought that the ministers represent the church; they are part of the Church structure. Without ministers, there will be no church. Perhaps what he's saying is the sum is greater than the parts. -
I think it was equality, but there were too many opportunities for corruption. I think it was pretty hard for anybody to be a representative, but act upon equality and freedom. Overtime, the original meaning of a representative must have been manipulated. It may seem inevitable in some ways...
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I agree with Angela, for the 'system' is above all, but the ministers have an equal amount of power. There is no absolute power to an individual in this case.
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hey do not accord to Peter any prerogative or superiority, or lordship
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Popes began to seize upon kingdoms
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what the pope did (fair/unfair) -transferred kindoms -vexed with unjust excommunications (germans) ruducing to subjection the bishops of germany
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Luther wrote earlier that Jesus did not give the power to "establish, occupy or confer kingdoms of the world." What the Pope is doing is completely against Jesus.
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This was one of the reasons why Luther thought the Pope shouldn't be a leader of the Church. In addition to claiming that he is given the authority to rule by God (which Luther thinks is wrong), the Pope pretends to be a paradigm of deep devotion and piousness when, in actuality, he goes around seizing kingdoms for himself and seeking more power.
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let not the authority of any avail more than the Word [of God]
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Thus comes Martin Luther's main belief: "Scripture alone, faith alone, and grace alone". This quote means that you should base your faith on the scriptures, and not blindly listen to the church
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Wonderful, he says "let not the authority of any avail more than the Word" exactly as I stated in the paragraph above. Where I said it is upon the Word and not the person that should be the authority.
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I like that in a religion, there is someone who actually just wants to pay attention to the scriptures and sayings, not what someone who claims to be above everyone else has to say about it
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churches
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churches
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decrees
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arrogates to himself the authority to make [all kinds of] laws
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alone
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arrogates
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arrogates
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arrogates
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shows how much corrupt the Church became over time. surely, they weren't manipulative in the beginning!
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i agree with you steph, i feel like the pope really wouldn't listen to the ideas and the needs of the people he is in charge of
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necessary to believe all these things in order to be saved
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can the people who call themselves 'Christians' even be considered as one?
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there shall not be lordship or superiority among them
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no supremacy; all apostles should be treated equal = contradicts the Church's teachings
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it shows that the pope having all this authority wasn't something approved by god
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I don't understand what you mean. How does this contradict the Church's teachings?
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How does this contradict the Church's teaching? The Church never taught that supremacy is good. It's just that the ministers of the Church, especially the Pope, were corrupt. I don't think their corrupt behavior has anything to do with the teachings of the Church.
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signifying that among ministers there is not to be sovereignty
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No power dispute amongst the ministry (sovereignty = supreme power/authority); another contradiction
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disciples on an equality, without any distinctio
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steph does that mean you agree or disagree with the comment? b/c i like that everyone is equal :)
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From this start by a human law, i.e. the resolution of the Council, the authority of the Roman bishop first arose
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shows that the power of Church officials did not appear from the Bible, but from human affairs
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Humans have bent and twisted the words in the bible to match whatever they're doing.
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bishops should be elected by their own churches
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there are things i like and dislike about this belief. i like that the churches get to decide who runs them, but i also think that there should be some sort of uniformity in the churches of one religion. i think there should be a sort of standard for the bishops.
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Why didn't this happen in the first place? The first decision seemed to be all about supremacy.
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synods
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an assembly of the clergy and sometimes also the laity in a diocese or other division of a particular church
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how can the Pope be over the entire Church by divine right when the Church has the election, and the custom gradually prevailed that bishops of Rome were confirmed by the emperors
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if popes were to be divine, how come they have to fight for power? why don't they just automatically rise to power? - good point!
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The popes do not claim that they, themselves, are divine. They are saying that they are supreme by divine right, meaning that they got their authority from God. Of course, like all people in positions of power, popes have to fight for power too.
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Popes claim to have divine rights to authority - that is not the same as the Popes themselves being divine. In other words, Popes say that God gives them the right to hold absolute power over the Church.
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If Popes were divine, how come they do not always agree with the Church? "Therefore, when the regular bishops become enemies of the Church, or are unwilling to administer ordination, the churches retain their own right." - as stated later on in this text
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In all these passages Peter is the representative of the entire assembly of apostles [and does not speak for himself alone, but for all the apostles],
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states that Peter spoke for all, when did the church start to think that Peter was divine?
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not really, think that Peter was "head", in authority over the church, however, is most likely a misunderstanding from our interpretation. Perhaps just a spokesperson, but in my opinion, not divine, though he may perform miracles. As the miracles come from God, so therefore he must merely be a vessel or a way for the power to go via him?
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Martin Luther was trying to explain that Peter was regarded by God as a representative, only. He spoke for all but was not superior to any collective people. Therefore, no such right should be given to the Pope either.
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Yeah, i agree. Peter is a representative, but not a superior power. But it is understandable that people would have misunderstood. If we weren't understanding this event from Luther, I would most likely to have misunderstood that Peter was greater than everyone else! However, I don't think power goes via him because that would mean he's 'different' than others, thus resulting in his superiority. Then it ruins the purpose of equality, right?
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promise of the Gospel belongs certainly and immediately to the entire Church, so the keys belong immediately to the entire Church
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Peter is the representative of the entire assembly of the apostles
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Representative: Key Word. Representing = spokesperson perhaps. Merely a person to spread the Word and not complete control and superior to all. Peter is representing the Church not controlling the church.
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Upon this rock I will build My Church, certainly the Church has not been built upon the authority of man, but upon the ministry of the confession which Peter made, in which he proclaims that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God.
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Church - certainly not been built upon the authority of man. But the message that Peter spreads that Jesus is Christ, the Son of God.
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dispersed throughout the whole world,
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Christ was not sent to bear the sword or possess a worldly kingdom
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From this persuasion horrible darkness has been brought into the Church, and after that also great commotions have arisen in Europe
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this refers to indulgences, behavior of church members, religious rituals, interpretation of Bible, etc...
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but has also tyrannically exalted himself above all kings
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actually at some point, the pope had more power than the king (investiture contest)
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That is exactly what this sentence is saying - the Pope had more power than the king. It's not really a surprise because people back then actually believed that the Pope was someone whose authority was given by God (since the Pope was at the head of the Church, and he said so, himself). And people thought God was almighty and powerful - so, of course, even a King had to obey the Pope at times.
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Pope rules in the Church,
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the doctrine of the Pope conflicts in many ways with the Gospel, and [thirdly] the Pope assumes to himself divine authority in a threefold manner
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Things Luther does not like about the Church: 1. Pope has all the power 2. the doctrine conflicts with the spiritual aspect 3. Pope assumes that he is divine when he is not
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These are some of the corruption in the church, and what led Luther to revolt against them.
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They have obscured the doctrine concerning sin, and have invented a tradition concerning the enumeration of offenses, producing many errors and despair. They have devised, in addition, satisfactions, whereby they have also obscured the benefit [and merit] of Christ. From these, indulgences have been born, which are pure lies, fabricated for the sake of gain. Then, how many abuses and what horrible idolatry the invocation of saints has produced! What shameful acts have arisen from the tradition concerning celibacy!
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Lastly, these errors so horrible, and this impiety, he defends with the greatest cruelty, and puts to death those dissenting.
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First, because he takes to himself the right to change the doctrine of Christ and services instituted by God, and wants his own doctrine and his own services to be observed as divine; secondly, because he takes to himself the power not only of binding and loosing in this life, but also the jurisdiction over souls after this life; thirdly, because the Pope does not want to be judged by the Church or by any one, and puts his own authority ahead of the decision of Councils and the entire Church.
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partakers of the godless doctrine, blasphemies, and unjust cruelty of the Pope
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just a insight: Luther really does not mind what he writes, whether it is offensive or not...
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But divine authority commands all not to be allies and defenders of impiety and unjust cruelty
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Yes true, of course. Otherwise won't be divine authority command - they won't command to defend unjust cruelty and impiety.
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The doctrine of repentance has been utterly corrupted by the Pope and his adherents
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They nowhere teach that sins are remitted freely for Christ's sake, and that by this faith we obtain remission of sins.
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Thus they obscure the glory of Christ, and deprive consciences of firm consolation, and abolish true divine services, namely, the exercises of faith struggling with [unbelief and] despair [concerning the promise of the Gospel]
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what the roman catholic church did, in Luther's opinion - is he like the new Peter?
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he teaches that the authority of the ministry depends upon the Word of God, and that Peter was not superior to the other apostles,
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Another example of the orator that no one is superior to any others because the true essence of the authority comes not from the person but the Word of God. Showing that the people should follow the Word and not Peter as it is not that Peter is the Rock in which the foundation should be laid, but the Word that Peter teaches that should be based upon
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In that time period, I think what should determined superiority was not "divine right", but rather one's competence in preaching. For example, charisma, public speaking skills, social skills, etc.
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For it is manifest that the kingdom of Christ is scattered throughout the whole world; and to-day there are many churches in the East which do not seek ordination or confirmation from the Roman bishop [which have ministers ordained neither by the Pope nor his bishops].
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It is impractical to keep the pope as the sole power house of the church since the church is expanding so rapidly.
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It may not be a bad idea to keep just one Pope for the time being as well since the more people there are in power, the more chances of disorder in the system. This only applies for Popes that have no chance of corruption.
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Wherever there has been a bishop, whether at Rome, or Eugubium, or Constantinople, or Rhegium, or Alexandria, he is of the same dignity and priesthood.
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Regardless of their origins, all the bishops should be equally respected. ie no hierarchy
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universal bishop.
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i think when they say universal bishop, it just means that there is a presence of superiority in a position. This was not accepted by the Protestants.
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have altogether extinguished the doctrine concerning faith
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Then to these errors two great sins are added
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create sins to justify their mistakes? hm.... sins: 1. trying to amend errors by using cruelty and death penalties 2. not permitting new ideas, altogether taking power
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defends these errors by unjust cruelty and death-penalties
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wrests the decision from the Church, and does not permit ecclesiastical controversies
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he defends his errors by force and by murders, and forbids judicial examination
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...maybe Luther is exaggerating to prove his point right? These acts seem really harsh for anyone to do
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But it's true. The Pope did allow the murder of people who speak up against him and unjust trial for those who try to prove him wrong. Martin Luther was excommunicated by the pope and condemned as an outlaw by the emperor. Really proves the lengths in which the Church would go to hide their lies don't you think?
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when for a long time there had been contests concerning the primacy between the bishops of Rome and Constantinople,
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The hierarchy brings power struggle and can conflicts and eventually corrupts the system or the operation of the church.
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I think that having a hierarchy is one of the biggest instigators of issues because it creates separation and division among people. It gives the higher a feeling of superiority and disdain towards the lower people.
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Pope should hold Synods
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Pope suffers nothing to be decreed contrary to his will
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decisions of Synods are the decisions of the Church, and not of the Popes
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bishop of Rome had the primacy by divine right, yet since he defends godless services and doctrine conflicting with the Gospel,
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Manifest also is the cruelty
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God's command that we flee idolatry, godless doctrine, and unjust cruelty
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From the Church's misbehavior, people start to become distant from the Church
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I think what this statement really means is that the Pope should not be obeyed, since it is the Christians' duty to follow God's command to "flee idolatry, godless doctrine, and unjust cruelty". The Pope, according to Luther, is cruel, does bad things, like selling indulgences to earn money, and acts like the ruler of the whole Church when he isn't. Thus, the Pope should be disobeyed.
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detract from the glory of Go
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Therefore it is necessary that in these passages Peter is the representative of the entire assembly of the apostle
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Although Peter is the representative of the apostles, that doesn't mean that he is the leader or consider superior in the hierarchy. He is simply just a member, that also happens to be a representative.
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Christendom
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decree
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believes the Pope is just a hindrance for the development of the Church, compares the agreement with God or the Pope
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Christians must censure all other errors of the Pope, so they must also rebuke the Pope when he evades and impedes the true investigation and true decision of the Church.
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forbids judicial examination
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orbids judicial examination
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But especially the chief members of the Church, kings and princes, ought to guard the interests of the Church, and to see to it that errors be removed and consciences be healed
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Not only the pope but the chief members have a fault in that they let this all slip without much care
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The kings of the Gentiles exercise lordship over them, and they that exercise authority upon them are called benefactors, but ye shall not be so; but he that is greatest among you, let him be as the younger; and he that is chief, as he that doth serve.
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St. Paul
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St. Paul, the indefatigable Apostle of the Gentiles, was converted from Judaism on the road to Damascus. He stayed there for a time, preaching in the synagogues that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God.
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The way the bishops of each churches should be chosen...observed by neighboring bishop, people who know the life of each one etc.
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Christ gives supreme and final jurisdiction to the Church
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neither does this ministry avail on account of the authority of any person, but on account of the Word given by Christ.
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When the empire is vacant, the Pope is the legitimate successor.
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how the pope interrupted into fields that he shouldn't... going beyond the line of the limitations or purpose
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The Levitical high priest was the chief priest by divine right, and yet godless high priests were not to be obeyed, as Jeremiah and other prophets dissented from the high priests, the apostles dissented from Caiaphas and did not have to obey them.
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adherents
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ecclesiastical
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desert and execrate the Pope with his adherents as the kingdom of Antichrist; just as Christ has commanded
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ins are remitted because of the worth of our works
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rdained
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should be at the head
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absent Christ
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Nobody can replace Christ. He is the only "man" without sin! He taught that not only should there be a head as stated before, that there shouldn't be supremacy of one over another. Otherwise, it would be completely pointless as people would fight for it and lose the real meaning of being a Christian.
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equals to the common ministry of the Gospel
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lordship [among the apostles] is disapproved.
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Most important line here that represent everything he stands for against the pope being head. "Lordship among the apostles (in this case the people) is disapproved"
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child
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I don't really understand the true essence of the analogy of using a child. As even children seeks to be wanted and in control of something. Perhaps is just a metaphor? Furthermore, it is hard to be a child "ignorant". Even though ignorant is bliss, we naturally learn as we grow and we can't go back to our childhood innocence. The more we know, the more corrupt perhaps, we become.
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he ministry of the New Testament is not bound to places and persons as the Levitical ministry, but it is dispersed throughout the whole world, and is there where God gives His gifts, apostles, prophets, pastors, teachers; neither does this ministry avail on account of the authority of any person,
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the new testament is known all around the world. The testament includes God's words, and it is His gift to people.
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The new testament is known all over the world. It includes God's words and is His gift to his people.
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Pope is by divine right the ruler of the kingdoms of the world, are [utterly] false and godless
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The pope was not the highest in power and divine ruler. But the idea that he was had lead to disorder in the church.
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individually in the same manner as He Himself was sent
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So even Jesus has no distinct authority over anyone? That's perhaps true, he came as a child born in a manger. He's as ordinary as possible to ensure that he symbolizes equality?
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When the empire is vacant, the Pope is the legitimate successor.
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pope had the right to the empire and state when no one is in control of it. This shows the authority that was given to the pope during that time.
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that this dominion belongs to him by divine right
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He believed that he was superior compared to them and therefore had the right to control them.
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The Levitical high priest was the chief priest by divine right, and yet godless high priests were not to be obeyed
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Despite being a high priest by divine right, they were not obeyed by others.
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all the bishops of the East ought perpetually to have sought ordination and confirmation from the bishop of Rome.
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They can't just manipulate and transfer the power to different bishops even if they actually had superiority by divine law in the first place. - shows corruption already in above of disapproving the Word which is law which sates that nobody should be above any others.
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it matters not who is preaching and teaching it
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episcopate
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churches did not then accord superiority and domination to the bishop of Rome.
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superiority is impossible
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Impossible according to divine law and even the whole world as many of the churches situated in different parts of the world do not seek the "head pope's" advice or ordination. If nobody listens to the "head", there's no head as it's real purpose is gone. Meaning, nobody listens to the pope anyway, so it's impossible for the pope to control people that don't want to be controlled.
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or they teach that sins are remitted because of the worth of our work
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the selling of indulgence take place here because people want to remit their previous sins. One of the main corruption in the church.
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preside
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primacy
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primacy was offered to the bishop of Rome, but was not accepted
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contention
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hen the true judgment of the Church is removed, godless dogmas and godless services cannot be removed, and for many ages they destroy innumerable souls.
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Even when the reasoning of the church is removed the ideas still persist. Due to this reason, many souls has been destroyed.
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Church has the power to ordain ministers of the Church
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So the church is somewhat a democracy? Masses decide upon leaders "not actually leaders" but those to maintain order.
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Upon this rock, i.e., this preaching and ministry
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"Upon this rock," not upon Peter.
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He built His Church not upon man, but upon the faith of Peter
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Key line. As I've stated above about how is a misunderstanding. It's the rock of faith not rock as in Peter. The rock Jesus builds churches on, is the belief of Peter and not Peter. A mere misinterpretation on our part.
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manifest reasons for not obeying the Pope
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Because of his wrongdoings, people started to flee away from the church. They no longer obeyed the pope.
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ecclesiastical
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carnal
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vexed
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usurped
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execrable
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great errors obscure [the doctrine of] faith and [of] the kingdom of Christ
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Have lost the real reason of the Church. Not to dispute power nor share power, but rather to study the Word and come closer to God.
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Jeremiah
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pontiffs
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execrated
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Neither are these errors to be regarded as light; for they detract from the glory of Christ and bring destruction to souls, neither can they be passed by unnoticed.
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It is bad, separates from faith and ruins the soul. Should follow the Gospel and not the vows and the human interpretations of the Gospel as humans are inherently evil.
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let the godly consider the great errors of the kingdom of the Pope and his tyranny, and let them ponder, first, that the errors must be rejected and the true doctrine embraced, for the glory of God and to the salvation of souls
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Fundamentally stating that the Pope is evil and corrupt because he has become a dictator ruling in tyranny. Which is not the way it should be when following the Gospel - the true Word of God.
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exhorts
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incumbent
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defile themselves with idolatry and blasphemous opinions, become guilty of the blood of the godly, whom the Pope [and his adherents] persecutes
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True, is completely stupid. Everyone is affected except the Pope. True men who follow the Word and not the Pope are being caught by the pope and his men as they are against them. People who follow the Pope defile themselves with idolatry and wrong beliefs, and become guilty of slaughtering the godly men and are detracted from the glory of God
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Of the Power and Jurisdiction of Bishops.
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Second point. Not the reasons and the support of how it's against the Word but also the power and corrupt authority he wrongly uses.
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the command to excommunicate those whose crimes are known, and again to absolve those who repent
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power by divine right is common to all who preside over churches, whether they are called pastors, or elders, or bishops.
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and placed him in a higher station, whom they called bishop; just as an army would make a commander for itsel
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Yes. One with authority now, like the commander. Likewise, if commander makes wrong decision, the whole army is screwed. And so if the Pope/bishop makes wrong decision, the whole church is screwed and goes down the wrong road as they have chosen to make one above all. They have submitted themselves to the corrupt control of one human being without true godliness.
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Not necessarily without godliness to start with. However, as time goes on, people will go on without true godliness.
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likewise, using the same analogy, when a commander makes a false or wrong decision, the whole army fails and suffers for it. So if a bishop goes corrupt and begins to make wrong decisions, the whole community and church falls apart and suffers in evil.
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teaches that it is by human authority that the grades of bishop and elder or pastor are distinct
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when the regular bishops become enemies of the Church, or are unwilling to administer ordination, the churches retain their own right.
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Meaning so when, leader becomes corrupt, the masses and churches still have their own right to follow the Word and not blindly following a corrupt or enemy of the Church as they do not administer ordination.
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this authority is a gift which in reality is given to the Church, which no human power can wrest from the Church,
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there is the authority [command] to administer the Gospel
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edifying
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catechumen
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keys have been given to the Church, and not merely to certain persons
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words pertain to the true Church, which certainly has the right to elect and ordain ministers since it alone has the priesthood
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godless doctrine and tyranny of the bishops is chargeable with it], because Paul, Gal. 1, 7 f., enjoins that bishops who teach and defend a godless doctrine and godless services should be regarded as accursed.
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Not only is it wrong for them to follow a godless doctrine, they are wrong in doing such deeds on purpose, and they will suffer for it.
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jurisdiction
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applied it to the acquisition of gain
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Very materialistic. All become benefits of themselves and not others or the community anymore. In doing so, not only are they corrupting the system, they are corrupting their own belief system as they should not be materialistic whereas they are doing so now.
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fallen into human wants and desires to go into gaining material wealth. Quite the contrary to their beliefs as they should first of all, not be corrupt and try to manipulate their power for money, and furthermore, what they spread is that they shouldn't be materialistic. All the goods are in heaven... so they are not doing what they preach.
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avarice
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wanton
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desires tormented men and excommunicated them without any due process of law.
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all these things shall and must be believed at the peril of forfeiting salvation
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It was stupid for the followers of the Church to naively believe in whatever the Pope was preaching, they should first verify it with reliable sources, such as the Bible. They should learn to question and be critical.
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wanton
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Roman Pontiff
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wanton
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to be considered equal to the divine laws
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does this mean that he basically thinks that he is as good as God? b/c that's what i got from this
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the apostles should be sent forth as equals to the common ministry of the Gospel
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so that no one of them was to have more or less power than any other
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but does that mean that they have more power over people that are not apostles?
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affairs did they abuse this power
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abused power. So power was okay to start with so long as they were meant for good which is to help the church as a whole and organize it? as it needs to have someone representing it?
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or lordship above the rest.
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so does that mean not even He is above the rest of them? I mean, He is Jesus
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bishops have tyrannically transferred this jurisdiction to themselves alone, and have basely abused it, there is no need, because of this jurisdiction, to obey bishops
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Summarizes what the bishops are and do. Make themselves dictators, have all the power and abused the power. So everyone has to obey him.
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let them not burden the Church with traditions
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Unjust also is the tradition which forbids an innocent person to marry after divorce
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many unjust laws of the Pope concerning matrimonial subjects on account of which the magistrates ought to establish other courts
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the bishops, who are devoted to the Pope, defend godless doctrine and godless services, and do not ordain godly teachers, yea, aid the cruelty of the Pope, and, besides, have wrested the jurisdiction from pastors, and exercise it only tyrannically [for their own profit]; and lastly, since in matrimonial cases they observe many unjust laws, there are reasons sufficiently numerous and necessary why the churches should not recognize these as bishops.
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Final say on the whole thing. His conclusion is that since bishops are ungodly and don't follow out the Gospel but rather exercise their power tyrannically, churches should not recognize them as bishops.
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[that they may serve the Church, and perform their office the more efficiently
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They have taken the riches or extra money not to further the kingdom of God, but rather further their own material riches which has just lost the whole point.
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Peter predicted, 2 Ep. 2, 13, that there would be godless bishops, who would abuse the alms of the Church for luxury and neglect the ministry. Therefore [since the Holy Spirit in that connection utters dire threats] let those who defraud the Church know that they will pay God the penalty for this crime.
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Wow. that is HARSH. but true that, they have completely not done their job. they haven't just done a poor job but they have totally destroyed the church by using the alms for their own luxury and not carry out the ministry. "he has ripped the church off..."
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it is sufficiently apparent that the churches did not then accord superiority and domination to the bishop of Rome.
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This, too, testifies that the Church did not then acknowledge the primacy or superiority of the bishop of Rome.
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if they weren't acknowledging the superiority of the bishop in rome, what was martin luther fighting against?
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Luke 22, 25
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Luke 22: Judas Agrees to hand over Jesus, the Last Supper, Jesus is Arrested 25: I can't find Luke Chapter 25.. I don't think there's one.
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He says that He sends them individually in the same manner as He Himself was sent
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Is Jesus saying here that the apostles are not to be a team and work together? Must they be lone wolves in their mission to spread the gospel?
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decree of the emperor
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If the Pope was indeed supreme and divine, then he shall have power over the emperor, which would mean that the Pope is actually the ruler of the empire.
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Where two or three are gathered together in My name
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Matthew 18:20 "For where two or three gather in my name, there am I with them." This shows that Jesus is with the Christians even if they aren't with the Church.
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they ought to desert and execrate the Pope
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schism
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schism (noun)- a spot of division between strongly opposed sections or parties, caused by differences in opinion or belief
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this power by divine right is common to all who preside over churches, whether they are called pastors, or elders, or bishops
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. Yea,
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the command to excommunicate those whose crimes are known, and again to absolve those who repent.
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when the regular bishops become enemies of the Church, or are unwilling to administer ordination, the churches retain their own right
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if the church and the bishop/elders start to disagree, then the church retains their own rules and should not follow the bishop's ideas
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there is the authority [command] to administer the Gospel
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Church to retain the authority to call, elect, and ordain ministers
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given to the Churc
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Paul also testifies
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States that men were given gifts, but the Church were given special gifts only belonging to the Church for helping Christ - proves that when somebody stops helping Christ, no longer within the Church
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keys have been given to the Church, and not merely to certain person
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it is clear that the Church retains the right to elect and ordain ministers
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r schism
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It is certain that the common jurisdiction of excommunicating those guilty of manifest crimes belongs to all pastors
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But what tyranny is it for the officials in the states to have arbitrary power to condemn and excommunicate men without due process of law!
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bishops have tyrannically transferred this jurisdiction to themselves alone, and have basely abused it, there is no need, because of this jurisdiction, to obey bishops.
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interesting thought process that bishops are no longer related to Christ because they have corrupted the Church, thus being able to rebel against them
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bishops have only by human right, and that, not a very old one, as appears from the Codex and Novellae of Justinian that decisions concerning marriage at that time belonged to the magistrates
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jurisdiction it is not necessary to obey bishop
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It is sufficient to have recited this, that there are many unjust laws of the Pope concerning matrimonial subjects on account of which the magistrates ought to establish other courts.
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It is true that what the Roman Catholic Church did was unjust. Yes, it was very manipulative and wrong for the Church to change many aspects of the original Church to support their power. However, I don't believe that it is ethically right for the rebels to respond so aggressively. This would most likely lead to physical violence, which it actually did.
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Therefore [since the Holy Spirit in that connection utters dire threats] let those who defraud the Church know that they will pay God the penalty for this crime.
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What evidence does Pontiff have that he has the divine right to be superior over all bishops and pastors, and authority over bestowing kingdoms? Also, would a supreme being really leave such a man like this in charge, or anyone in charge as a matter a fact?
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This shows us the domestication of religion over time as a moral takes charge of the Christian society.
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schism
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nouna split or division between strongly opposed sections or parties, caused by differences in opinion or belief.* the formal separation of a church into two churches or the secession of a group owing to doctrinal and other differences.
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For at Alexandria, from Mark the evangelist to the bishops Heracles and Dionysius, the elders always elected one from among themselves, and placed him in a higher station, whom they called bishop; just as an army would make a commander for itself.
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The deacons, moreover, may elect from among themselves one whom they know to be active, and name him archdeacon. For with the exception of ordination, what does the bishop that the elder does not?
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Deacon: noun(in Catholic, Anglican, and Orthodox churches) an ordained minister of an order ranking below that of priest. Archdeacon: nouna senior Christian cleric (in the early Church a deacon, in the modern Anglican church a priest) to whom a bishop delegates certain responsibilities.
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elder
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so that no one of them was to have more or less power than any other
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This states that the disciples didn't have power over one another, but then does that mean that their is a power difference between the disciples and people.
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Heracles
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The systems of the Church is not too different from that of the military, the only difference is that both have different goals with the support of their system.
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The deacons, moreover, may elect from among themselves one whom they know to be active, and name him archdeacon. For with the exception of ordination, what does the bishop that the elder does not?
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Therefore, when the regular bishops become enemies of the Church, or are unwilling to administer ordination, the churches retain their own right. [Because the regular bishops persecute the Gospel and refuse to ordain suitable persons, every church has in this case full authority to ordain its own ministers.]
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schism
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bishop
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already had the superiority by divine law, it would not have been lawful for the Council to take any right from him and transfer it to the bishop of Alexandria
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Such superiority is impossible. For it is impossible for one bishop to be the overseer of the churches of the whole world, or for churches situated in the most distant lands to seek ordination [for all their ministers] from one.
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What proof is there that Pontiif has divine right over bishops and pastors, and has authroity over bestowing kingdoms
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episcopates
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nounthe office or term of office of a bishop.* ( the episcopate) the bishops of a church or region collectively.
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no human power can wrest from the Church
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manifest
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manifest
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manifest
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manifest
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schism
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schism
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Besides, since this is a most grievous offense, nobody certainly is to be condemned without due process of law.
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whose blood God will undoubtedly avenge.
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perpetually
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ecclesiastical
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execrate
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execrate
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idolatry
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worship of idols; extreme admiration, love, or reverence for something or someone
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profanation
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relating or devoted to that which is not sacred or biblical; secular rather than religious
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innumerable
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trifling
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let neither the other ministers nor Peter assume for themselves lordship or superiority over the Church; let them not burden the Church with traditions;
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At the start, it was intended that ministers were to not control anything of the Church. During the Middle Ages, people relied on ministers to translate the bible. Thereby fully depended on them.
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- before, popes were considered divine or chosen by divine, thus justifying their power
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"the Roman bishop is not by divine right above [cannot arrogate to himself any supremacy whatever over] other bishops and pastors." Luther's argument: The Pope is not a singular leader above the rest.