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This article chronicles the history of nursing and how expanding the role of nurses was initially justified. It discusses how this expanded role eventually became the role of the nurse practitioner that we are familiar with today.

I found this article to be completely fascinating as I was almost completely unaware of the history of the APRN role. I have heard of Lillian Wald and Mary Breckenridge but didn't know the full extent of their backgrounds. I enjoyed the history provided in this article and feel that it was a perfect reading to begin my APRN transition. It provided some important information on how the role of the nurse changed and was diminished by ourselves (ANA) before being re-expanded in the 1960s with the role of the NP. I'd love to hear what others think and if you have other interesting historical articles on the background of the APRN role!

This article looked at the relationship between physician oversight and APRN autonomy and empowerment. It surveyed APRNs in Montana, to determine which factors most influence APRN empowerment and autonomy. Surprisingly, it found that high levels of physician oversight improve APRN empowerment, regardless of whether the oversight is regulatory or simply collaborative. A next step for this study would be to learn more about why physician empowerment increases APRN autonomy - are there certain qualities to the physician/APRN relationship that must be established?

This article discusses the challenges in standardizing the APRN scope and practice in order to increase the mobility between states for practicing APRNs. It also would increase access to APRN care nationwide. After the signing of the Affordable Care Act, there was an increase in care provided and the need for nurse practitioners increased with that.The Federal Trade Commission found that mandatory physician supervision for nurse practitioners led to higher costs and reduced quality of care.

Diverse regulatory criteria, such as variable accreditation standards, disparate certification and licensing requirements, inconsistent population foci, and scopes of practice, represent barriers to optimized APRN function within today's complex healthcare system and, ultimately, reduced access to safe, quality care for patients. The Consensus Model for APRN Regulation promises to unify APRN education, practice, and licensure, promoting greater mobility among nursing professionals. Elimination of inconsistencies in APRN licensure, education, certification, and accreditation requirements will promote greater value and mobility for the APRN within the healthcare system. Rounds, L. R., Zych, J. J. and Mallary, L. L. (2012), The consensus model for regulation of APRNs: Implications for nurse practitioners. Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners. doi:10.1111/j.1745-7599.2012.00812.x

Important Note: Nursing licensure and practice requirements are subject to change. Nursing License Map makes its best effort to keep content accurate; however, the official source is the State Board of Nursing. Make sure to confirm licensing requirements with the Georgia State Board of Nursing before applying for licensure or renewal.

Great article on nursing residency programs and the opportunities they provide. BONUS- includes insight from an Emory NP Alum who completed a residency program in Washington!!

Faced with a shortage of primary care doctors, more and more clinics are relying on nurse practitioners to fill the gap. But that creates another gap, in the level of training providers bring to the job. Residency programs--once reserved for physicians--are popping up for nurse practitioners as well.

Very interesting read. This article provides evidence on why healthcare organizations should hire nurse practitioners based upon the education and training that they receive within their speciality as opposed to their previous RN experience. Many hospitals are struggling with this dilemma: Do we hire the APRN who has previous nursing experience in this area (who is not certified in this area) or do we hire the APRN who is certified to work in this area based on their formal training/education but is a new graduate? This article describes how prior nursing experience with a specific population does not qualify a nurse practitioner to practice without the population-focused education and certificate.

This is a link to the American Nurses Credentialing Center on renewing your nursing certification

This is research article discussing if the "residency" programs that are starting to pop up for new grad APRNs are helpful. I found this interesting because we briefly discussed the residency positions during the new job panel.

up to date NP statistics

With increasing interaction between governing bodies and cultures this article explores the APRN scope of practice on a global scale. It also examines access to care as a global issue postulating the need to standardize the scope of the Nurse Practitioner.

This is a great systematic review that delves into state by state regulations on scope of practice for APRNs and how restrictive practice ultimately reduces access to healthcare particularly in rural populations. The impact of the ACA and shortage of PCPs to meet this demand is also explored. Enjoy!

This is an article from The Journal of Nurse Practitioners. The IOM is recommending a transition to practice (residency program) for new graduate nurse practitioners; along with a competency tool to assess the effectiveness of such program.

This article describes the results of a survey conducted of nurse leaders in Latin America and the Caribbean about their perception and knowledge of advance practice nursing. The results show that the majority of nurse leaders recognize a need for APRNS in order to create better access to care, however, the nursing education and legislation in the majority of the countries does not support APRN practices. This is an interesting introduction of APRNs in Latin America and the Caribbean for anyone who has interest of working in these areas.

This article gives a great glimpse into the need for ENP programs in order to support our health system in emergency care. It was written in 2011, so before ENP certification was approved by the ANCC.

This article discusses the difficulties APRNs experience while attempting to expand their scope of practice. It explores arguments between nurse practitioners and physicians on how APRNs will contribute to the shortage of primary care providers.

This article is about the scope of practice of midwives and childbirth outcomes. It discusses the relationship between autonomous practice and better birth outcomes. The article suggests there should be future policies to expand the access to midwifery services.

This article describes entry-level competencies for NPs practicing in emergency care - it was the first to define these competencies which is key since the roles of APRNs have expanded. A Nurse Practitioner (NP) Validation Work Team was formed and a Delphi study was conducted to verify and gain consensus on professional and clinical competencies for NPs in emergency care.

This article asks the question: "Compared to other providers (physicians or teams without APRNs), are APRN patient outcomes of care similar?" The study is specific to USA and includes data regarding NPs, CNRAs, and CNMs. Outcomes were determined by the following: patient satisfaction with provider/care, patient self-assessment of perceived health status, functional status, blood glucose, serum lipids, blood pressure, emergency department visits, hospitalization, duration of ventilation, length of stay, and mortality (p9).

The Mayo clinic offers a form of residency for new grads. Mayo School of Health Sciences educates and prepares allied health professionals. The school enrolls students who excel in academic achievement to become providers of the best care to patients.