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This article discusses the barriers to NP practice with the current healthcare reform by addressing the shortage of primary care providers and the limitations of APRN practice. Barriers that were emphasized include state practice and licensure, physician related issues, education, and role perception. This article stresses that an APRN should be able to practice to the fullest extent of their training.

This is an excellent overview of common barriers to APRN practice that effect the Triple Aim for healthcare: better care (individuals), better health (populations), and lower cost.

This article first provides a brief history on APRNs. It also discusses barriers to the APRN scope of practice.

While this article is not specific to the FNP specialty, I find it interesting because it discusses the evolving global role of APRNs.

This article provides a brief history of the APRN role and the advancement from a CRNA, to midwives, then to FNPs. The focus is the family nurse practitioner role. The author shows the connection with Erik Ericsson's stages of development and provides examples of how the role of the NP progressed through those stages. Examples are also provided from a world development perspective, as each country has also had to move through the same phases of development before moving on to the next. The author concludes that we (the U.S.) are still in the final stage of development (Integrity-older adult).

This resource provides a brief history of APRN and outlines the developmental steps in advanced practice roles that can be helpful know for countries where the role of APRN are being established or growing.

This article speaks about the future of healthcare - specifically, how primary care is at the foundation of a robust health care system. The author argues that the key to improving the triple aim (health of populations, patient experience, cost of care) is to remove barriers to NP practice, allowing them to practice to their fullest capacity.

This article is very relevant to our discussion today in lecture. It speaks to the consensus model, our primary certification after graduation, and then speciality certification. Additionally the articles outlines what is required to work in the ED. A concise and easy to follow article.

Here is another brief, yet insightful read on the evolution of midwifery in the US.

This is a brief summary of the history of midwifery and beginnings of nurse-midwifery in the United States.Though the statistics are a bit dated, the article also has some recent data on the positive impact of the recent resurgence of midwifery practice since it began declining in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It also discusses the profession of nurse-midwifery's close ties with public health and under served communities.

Here is a great article that discuss how to make the transition as a healthcare provider through the use of a nurse practitioner residency program.

Understanding Medicare Supplement Plans is essential for those approaching Medicare eligibility. Medicare Nationwide places significant emphasis on education, providing an array of resources to assist beneficiaries in comprehending the intricacies of these plans. Through detailed brochures, informative articles, and interactive online platforms, Medicare Nationwide ensures individuals have access to comprehensive knowledge about Medicare Supplement options.

J Prof Nurs. 2011 May-Jun;27(3):161-7. doi: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2011.02.004. This is the article on the importance of mentorship as a novice NP transitions from school into practice.

This is research article discussing if the "residency" programs that are starting to pop up for new grad APRNs are helpful. I found this interesting because we briefly discussed the residency positions during the new job panel.

History of PNP-AC and commentary on the evolving role of PNPs in practice

An overview of the new regulations that states have now that PNP-AC is recognized with it's own board certification.

This is an older but fascinating article about a midwife working in Gardener, Massachusetts in the 19th century. Hanna continued to attend births of mostly the immigrant population of the city despite being told by courts to cease. She was convicted of "practicing medicine without a license" and had to pay many fines and spend 3 months in a correctional facility. Note that the charges brought against her were never from clients, but from the physicians working in the area.

This article discusses the limitations in scope-of-practice caused by state regulation of health professions. It also stresses the importance of allowing APRNs to practice within their full-scope as supported by various research and defined by national regulating organizations in order to improve primary care.

This article describes the results of a survey conducted of nurse leaders in Latin America and the Caribbean about their perception and knowledge of advance practice nursing. The results show that the majority of nurse leaders recognize a need for APRNS in order to create better access to care, however, the nursing education and legislation in the majority of the countries does not support APRN practices. This is an interesting introduction of APRNs in Latin America and the Caribbean for anyone who has interest of working in these areas.

This article is about the scope of practice of midwives and childbirth outcomes. It discusses the relationship between autonomous practice and better birth outcomes. The article suggests there should be future policies to expand the access to midwifery services.

This article describes entry-level competencies for NPs practicing in emergency care - it was the first to define these competencies which is key since the roles of APRNs have expanded. A Nurse Practitioner (NP) Validation Work Team was formed and a Delphi study was conducted to verify and gain consensus on professional and clinical competencies for NPs in emergency care.

This article is an interesting read about the policy change in North Dakota that brought independent prescriptive privileges to advanced practice nurses. The nurse leaders behind this policy change have shared the experience with other states with the goal of providing an example of an effective model of change.

This article asks the question: "Compared to other providers (physicians or teams without APRNs), are APRN patient outcomes of care similar?" The study is specific to USA and includes data regarding NPs, CNRAs, and CNMs. Outcomes were determined by the following: patient satisfaction with provider/care, patient self-assessment of perceived health status, functional status, blood glucose, serum lipids, blood pressure, emergency department visits, hospitalization, duration of ventilation, length of stay, and mortality (p9).

This 2006 cross-sectional study looked at the roles that APRN play in the evolving, dynamic field of genetics. Many nurses in this specific field work in research opportunities, clinical settings, and/or teaching. A description of the various roles, as well as the relative percentages of APRNs in each role, is provided.

This is a good site for learning how to get through school and get that first job. Written by NPs in the field. It was also helpful to know how NPs fell during their first year out of school as well!

This is a review of proposed ideas for hospitals for np programs. Something maybe we should look for in establishments we are applying for.