Make TTS available to support reading Provide sequential on-screen text highlighting, to be used alone or synchronized with TTS Make available a launch page for each chapter, with options for presentation of text, images, and other content elements Make available the option to display digital text in a single column Provide an option to view the text, images, charts, sidebars, and other elements simultaneously, as they would appear in a printed textbook (as an example, scroll through this view of the Farm Life and the Dustbowl section) Provide the option to select a simplified presentation of textbook material, in which images, charts, sidebars, and other elements are represented by relatively simple icons (scroll through this view) Include both text and graphics in each icon, and keep the location of these links consistent (example) Make available an outline of each chapter that readers can use either as an organizer before reading or as a succinct statement of key points for studying Embed relevant video clips directly in the chapter, reachable via a linked icon or embedded image of the video itself (Note: If your browser is Internet Explorer version 5.5 or higher, you will require the QuickTime plug-in to view the video clips in the linked example) Make digital and printed content consistent in appearance, to facilitate students’ use of both the textbook’s and the computer’s presentation (example)

The students did not find concept mapping as helpful or engaging as the other three assignments

it is likely that the response would have been more positive had training been more adequate.

Nonlinear hypertext.

Multiple-media texts.

Interactive texts.