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Gaddafi died 3 years ago. Would Libya be better off if he hadn't? - The Washington Post - 0 views

www.washingtonpost.com/...ibya-be-better-off-if-he-hadnt libya Qaddafi civil war democracy
shared by andrea_hoertz on 11 Nov 14 - No Cached
  • But the real issue is why the international community, after a seven-month air campaign, neglected post-conflict reconstruction."
    • andrea_hoertz
      andrea_hoertz on 11 Nov 14
       
      Libya lacks the basis for creating a functioning government and society- globalization perspective
  • andrea_hoertz on 11 Nov 14
     
    This article discusses Libya and whether or not it would have been better off if Qaddafi had not been killed. The article says that because libya is a resource rich country, and is close to Europe, it had pretty good chances of making a smooth transition to peace and stability.
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Tariq Suwaidan Barred From Saudi Arabia :: The Global Muslim Brotherhood Daily Watch - 0 views

www.globalmbwatch.com/...q-suwaidan-barred-saudi-arabia Tariq Suwaidan saudi muslim brotherhood shi'a sunni ban liberals
shared by haitham10 on 11 Nov 14 - No Cached
  • haitham10 on 11 Nov 14
     
    "Tariq Suwaidan"

Women are the emerging pimps in Egypt - 0 views

started by sgriffi2 on 14 Feb 15 no follow-up yet
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BBC News - Falling oil prices: Who are the winners and losers? - 0 views

www.bbc.com/...business-29643612
shared by wmulnea on 13 Feb 15 - No Cached
  • The reasons for this change are twofold - weak demand in many countries due to insipid economic growth, coupled with surging US production. Added to this is the fact that the oil cartel Opec is determined not to cut production as a way to prop up prices.
  • Russia loses about $2bn in revenues for every dollar fall in the oil price,
  • Russia has confirmed it will not cut production to shore up oil prices.
  • ...12 more annotations...
  • Venezuela is one of the world's largest oil exporters, but thanks to economic mismanagement it was already finding it difficult to pay its way even before the oil price started falling.
  • Saudi Arabia, the world's largest oil exporter and Opec's most influential member, could support global oil prices by cutting back its own production, but there is little sign it wants to do this.
  • There could be two reasons - to try to instil some discipline among fellow Opec oil producers, and perhaps to put the US's burgeoning shale oil and gas industry under pressure.
  • Saudi Arabia needs oil prices to be around $85 in the longer term, it has deep pockets with a reserve fund of some $700bn - so can withstand lower prices for some time.
  • were to force some higher cost producers
  • In the 1980s the country did cut production significantly in a bid to boost prices, but it had little effect and it also badly affected the Saudi economy.
  • Saudi Arabia, Gulf producers such as the United Arab Emirates and Kuwait have also amassed considerable foreign currency reserves, which means that they could run deficits for several years if necessary.
  • Islamic State, capturing oil wells. It is estimated it is making about $3m a day through black market sales - and undercutting market prices by selling at a significant discount - around $30-60 a barrel.
  • "The growth of oil production in North America, particularly in the US, has been staggering," says Columbia University's Jason Bordoff.
  • It has been this growth in US energy production, where gas and oil is extracted from shale formations using hydraulic fracturing or fracking, that has been one of the main drivers of lower oil prices.
  • "Shale has essentially severed the linkage between geopolitical turmoil in the Middle East, and oil price and equities," says Seth Kleinman, head of energy strategy at Citi.
  • With Europe's flagging economies characterised by low inflation and weak growth, any benefits of lower prices would be welcomed by beleaguered governments. A 10% fall in oil prices should lead to a 0.1% increase in economic output, say some. In general consumers benefit through lower energy prices, but eventually low oil prices do erode the conditions that brought them about.
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IMF Fact Sheet - 0 views

www.imf.org/...imfwb.htm
shared by jsawin on 16 Feb 15 - No Cached
  • jsawin on 16 Feb 15
     
    The International Monetary Fund and the World Bank were both created at an international conference convened in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, United States in July 1944. The goal of the conference was to establish a framework for economic cooperation and development that would lead to a more stable and prosperous global economy. While this goal remains central to both institutions, their work is constantly evolving in response to new economic developments and challenges.
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IMF Fact Sheet - 1 views

www.google.com/...edit
shared by jsawin on 16 Feb 15 - No Cached
  • jsawin on 16 Feb 15
     
    The International Monetary Fund and the World Bank were both created at an international conference convened in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, United States in July 1944. The goal of the conference was to establish a framework for economic cooperation and development that would lead to a more stable and prosperous global economy. While this goal remains central to both institutions, their work is constantly evolving in response to new economic developments and challenges.
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The new economics of oil: Sheikhs v shale | The Economist - 0 views

www.economist.com/...es-will-go-bust-market-will-be
shared by wmulnea on 23 Feb 15 - No Cached
  • The contest between the shalemen and the sheikhs has tipped the world from a shortage of oil to a surplus.
  • Big importing countries such as the euro area, India, Japan and Turkey are enjoying especially big windfalls. Since this money is likely to be spent rather than stashed in a sovereign-wealth fund, global GDP should rise.
  • There will, of course, be losers (see article). Oil-producing countries whose budgets depend on high prices are in particular trouble. The rouble tumbled this week as Russia’s prospects darkened further. Nigeria has been forced to raise interest rates and devalue the naira. Venezuela looks ever closer to defaulting on its debt
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  • But Saudi Arabia, in particular, seems mindful of the experience of the 1970s, when a big leap in the price prompted huge investments in new fields, leading to a decade-long glut.
  • wmulnea on 23 Feb 15
     
    This article suggests that increased shale oil production is changing the economy of oil, but at the same time Saudi Arabia is reluctant to slow OPEC production.
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A daring plan to rebuild Syria - no matter who wins the war - Ideas - The Boston Globe - 0 views

www.bostonglobe.com/...story.html syria plan war politics china russia the west
shared by fcastro2 on 23 Feb 15 - No Cached
  • The first year of Syria’s uprising, 2011, largely spared Aleppo, the country’s economic engine, largest city, and home of its most prized heritage sites. Fighting engulfed Aleppo in 2012 and has never let up since, making the city a symbol of the civil war’s grinding destruction
  • Rebels captured the eastern side of the city while the government held the wes
  • , residents say the city is virtually uninhabitable; most who remain have nowhere else to go
  • ...28 more annotations...
  • In terms of sheer devastation, Syria today is worse off than Germany at the end of World War II
  • ven as the fighting continues, a movement is brewing among planners, activists and bureaucrats—some still in Aleppo, others in Damascus, Turkey, and Lebanon—to prepare, right now, for the reconstruction effort that will come whenever peace finally arrives.
  • In a glass tower belonging to the United Nations’ Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia, a project called the National Agenda for the Future of Syria has brought together teams of engineers, architects, water experts, conservationists, and development experts to grapple with seemingly impossible technical problems
  • It is good to do the planning now, because on day one we will be ready,”
  • The team planning the country’s future is a diverse one. Some are employed by the government of Syria, others by the rebels’ rival provisional government. Still others work for the UN, private construction companies, or nongovernmental organizations involved in conservation, like the World Monuments Fund
  • As the group’s members outline a path toward renewal, they’re considering everything from corruption and constitutional reform to power grids, antiquities, and health care systems.
  • Aleppo is split between a regime side with vestiges of basic services, and a mostly depopulated rebel-controlled zone, into which the Islamic State and the Al Qaeda-affiliated Nusra Front have made inroads over the last year
  • The population exodus has claimed most of the city’s craftsmen, medical personnel, academics, and industrialists
  • It took decades to clear the moonscapes of rubble and to rebuild, in famous targets like Dresden and Hiroshima but in countless other places as well, from Coventry to Nanking. Some places never recovered their vitality.
  • Of course, Syrian planners cannot help but pay attention to the model closest to home: Beirut, a city almost synonymous with civil war and flawed reconstructio
  • We don’t want to end up like Beirut,” one of the Syrian planners says, referring to the physical problems but also to a postwar process in which militia leaders turned to corrupt reconstruction ventures as a new source of funds and power
  • Syria’s national recovery will depend in large part on whether its industrial powerhouse Aleppo can bounce back
  • The city’s workshops, famed above all for their fine textiles, export millions of dollars’ worth of goods every week even now, and the economy has expanded to include modern industry as well.
  • Today, however, the city’s water and power supply are under the control of the Islamic State
  • Across Syria, more than one-third of the population is displaced.
  • A river of rubble marks the no-man’s land separating the two sides. The only way to cross is to leave the city, follow a wide arc, and reenter from the far side.
  • Parts of the old city won’t be inhabitable for years, he told me by Skype, because the ground has literally shifted as a result of bombing and shelling
  • The first and more obvious is creating realistic options to fix the country after the war—in some cases literal plans for building infrastructure systems and positioning construction equipment, in other cases guidelines for shaping governanc
  • They’re familiar with global “best practices,” but also with how things work in Syria, so they’re not going to propose pie-in-the-sky idea
  • If some version of the current regime remains in charge, it will probably direct massive contracts toward patrons in Russia, China, or Iran. The opposition, by contrast, would lean toward firms from the West, Turkey, and the Gulf.
  • At the current level of destruction, the project planners estimate the reconstruction will cost at least $100 billion
  • Recently a panel of architects and heritage experts from Sweden, Bosnia, Syria, and Lebanon convened in Beirut to discuss lessons for Syria’s reconstruction—one of the many distinct initiatives parallel to the Future of Syria project.
  • “You should never rebuild the way it was,” said Arna Mackic, an architect from Mostar. That Bosnian city was divided during the 1990s civil war into Muslim and Catholic sides, destroying the city center and the famous Stari Most bridge over the Neretva River. “The war changes us. You should show that in rebuilding.”
  • Instead, Mackik says, the sectarian communities keep to their own enclaves. Bereft of any common symbols, the city took a poll to figure out what kind of statue to erect in the city center. All the local figures were too polarizing. In the end they settled on a gold-colored statue of the martial arts star Bruce Lee
  • “It belongs to no one,” Mackic says. “What does Bruce Lee mean to me?
  • is that it could offer the city’s people a form of participatory democracy that has so far eluded the Syrian regime and sadly, the opposition as well.
  • “You are being democratic without the consequences of all the hullabaloo of formal democratization
  • A great deal of money has been invested in Syria’s destruction— by the regime, the local parties to the conflict, and many foreign powers. A great deal of money will be made in the aftermath, in a reconstruction project that stands to dwarf anything seen since after World War II.
  • fcastro2 on 23 Feb 15
     
    While it is still unclear as to who will win the Syrian conflict, there are people who are already looking towards the future and a better Syria. Plans are being made but, of course, these plans will entirely depend on who wins the war. 
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How the 1973 Oil Embargo Saved the Planet | Foreign Affairs - 0 views

www.foreignaffairs.com/...3-oil-embargo-saved-the-planet
shared by wmulnea on 23 Feb 15 - No Cached
  • That strategy allowed the United States to function as a “swing producer,” able to boost or trim production to stabilize global supplies and prices (just as Saudi Arabia does today).
  • there was no spare capacity left in East Texas.
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Iran and Modern Cyber Warfare | Global Research - 0 views

www.globalresearch.ca/...5421360
shared by rlindse3 on 23 Feb 15 - No Cached
  • rlindse3 on 23 Feb 15
     
    Iran is developing a new cyberstrategy to protect against the intrusion of important government programs, and to oppose any anti-iranian cyber warfare and fight back. Under their new strategy they have already launched attacks on Saudi Arabia and companies in the U.S. such as Bank of America and Citigroup which gives the U.S. reason to concern on Iran's cyber warfare development.
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Child Soldiers, or 'Cubs,' Shown in Latest ISIS Video - 0 views

www.nbcnews.com/...hown-latest-isis-video-n310646 ISIS child-soldiers
shared by kdancer on 23 Feb 15 - No Cached
  • csosa14 on 23 Feb 15
     
    ISIS Releases video of children as the new pupils of ISIS
  • csosa14 on 23 Feb 15
     
    ISIS Releases video of children as the new pupils of ISIS
  • kdancer on 23 Feb 15
     
    A new video released by ISIS on Sunday purportedly shows the terror group training children, who can be seen standing in formation, chanting, praying and participating in physical exercises. Alex Kassirer, of global security firm and NBC News consultant Flashpoint Intelligence, said the video features Al Farouk training camp for "cubs," or children, located in Raqqa, Syria.

The US Should Promote Women's Rights in Developing Nations - 0 views

started by sgriffi2 on 11 Apr 15 no follow-up yet
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A Brief History of the Fraught Relationship Between Fatah and Hamas - The Wire - 0 views

www.thewire.com/...361178 history relationship hamas fatah
shared by jshnide on 13 Apr 15 - No Cached
  • jshnide on 13 Apr 15
     
    The history between Fatah and Hamas is dark and heavily debated between the two. Their approaches to problems and policy change are completely different as well.
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United Nations Global Issues - 0 views

www.un.org/...women.shtml
shared by yperez2 on 12 Apr 15 - No Cached
  • yperez2 on 12 Apr 15
     
    This article says why women need democracies. It provides us with 4 key practices for women's involvement as well as what the UN is doing.
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Iran Rapidly Building Cyber Warfare Capabilities - 0 views

freebeacon.com/...ing-cyber-warfare-capabilities iran cyberware attacks
shared by aromo0 on 27 Jan 16 - No Cached
  • cguybar on 27 Jan 16
     
    This growing cyber force posses a threat on global critical infrastructures. "Critical infrastructures include computer networks that control such sectors as finance, transportation, water, public health, security, telecommunications, and electrical."
  • aromo0 on 28 Jan 16
     
    Iran is building cyber warfare capabilities to conduct and handle cyber attacks. Iran hackers were blamed for several serious cyber attacks.
  • aromo0 on 28 Jan 16
     
    Iran is building cyber warfare capabilities to conduct and handle cyber attacks. Iran hackers were blamed for several serious cyber attacks.
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How the education system in Egypt works | A World At School - 0 views

www.aworldatschool.org/...pt-education-system-works-1699 education egypt school
shared by mcooka on 04 Feb 16 - No Cached
  • All levels of education are free within any government-run schools - there are great differences in educational attainment between the rich and the poor, also known as the “wealth gap”.
  • Generally speaking, there are two types of government schools: Arabic Schools and Experimental Language.
  • 75 students per class for some of them.
  • ...8 more annotations...
  • Ordinary schools
  • Language schools 
  • Religious schools
  • nternational schools
  • n 2010, a total of 2,646,000 students were enrolled across all tertiary levels. They attended one of 23 public universities, including Al-Azhar University, the oldest continuously running university in the world. There are 19 private universities; 18 public institutes of higher education and 81 private higher institutes.
  • verall literacy rate in Egypt is 72%
  • 80.3% for males and 63.5% for females
  • educe gender disparity in education and to achieve the 2015 Millennium Development Goal of universal primary education
  • mcooka on 04 Feb 16
     
    This goes into the education systems in Egypt. This discusses the past times of children as well while they are in school. The education system is relatively free if attending a government-run school.
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