This gives a summary of what changed for individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1997, which is revision of Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1990.
required all public schools accepting federal funds to provide equal access to education for children with physical and mental disabilities.
EHA was revised and renamed as Individuals with Disabilities Education Act in 1990 for improvement of special education and inclusive education.
PL 94-142 also contains a provision that disabled students should be placed in the least restrictive environment-one that allows the maximum possible opportunity to interact with non-impaired students.
The law was passed to meet four huge goals:
To ensure that special education services are available to children who need them
To guarantee that decisions about services to students with disabilities are fair and appropriate
To establish specific management and auditing requirements for special education
To provide federal funds to help the states educate students with disabilities
amendment to Part B of the Education of the Handicapped Act enacted in 1966.
The PRC’s mission is to provide parents the support and information they need as they work with the school system to identify and meet their child’s unique learning needs.
other health impairment" (OHI) refers to physical or mental impairments that can affect a child’s performance at school.
association with drawing up an Individualized Educational Plan (IEP), or a 504 Education Plan, for a student in a public school setting
other health impairment" (OHI) refers to physical or mental impairments that can affect a child’s performance at school. The term is usually used in association with drawing up an Individualized Educational Plan (IEP), or a 504 Education Plan, for a student in a public school setting
group of neurodevelopmental disorders that include autistic disorder, Asperger's disorder, pervasive developmental disorder – not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS), childhood disintegrative disorder (CDD), and Rett's disorder.
The types of care and services you require depend upon how much assistance you need with your Activities of Daily Living (ADLs). These are the activities that are essential to day-to-day functioning such as: • Bathing • Dressing • Toileting (assistance going to the bathroom) • Incontinence (lack of bladder or bowel control) • Eating, and • Transferring (getting in and out of bed or chair).
primary role of a personal care attendant is to “fill in the gaps” so that the highest level of independence and socialization in the community can be achieved
Through this personalized service, program participants receive hands-on care, help with social and business affairs, such as escorting while doing errands or visiting friends, going on walks and outings, opening and reading mail, paying bills and making light meals.
To qualify for personal care attendant services you must: • Be between the ages of 18 and 64 • Have a long-term health condition that requires hands on care with at least two activities of daily living such as bathing, dressing, eating, and walking. • Meet financial eligibility requirements • Be able to supervise the personal care attendant or have a conservator who do can do it
P articipan t Fiscal Agent Case Manag er Other Supports
Schoolwide
For all students, staff members, and settings
Designed to reduce problem behaviors
Increases instructional time
A feeling of safety
Respect
Engagement in learning
Involvement in school life
Shared vision
Involvement of teachers, students, and families
ier 2 addresses at-risk behavior.
focus on specific groups of students and the underlying issues that may be causing the behavior.
Tier 2 interventions parse out the hidden causes behind negative behavior and provide support in changing those behaviors.
Tier 2 – Secondary Prevention:
Group supports for some students
Specialized interventions for students demonstrating at-risk behavior
Prevents worsening of problem behaviors
These interventions target students who exhibit high-risk behavior.
ndividual plan created to address specific academic or behavioral concerns.
Tier 3 – Tertiary Prevention:
ndividual support for a few students
Specialized interventions for students with high-risk behavior
Designed to reduce severity of ongoing problem behaviors
There are many ways PACER helps students/children meet their milestones such as, help me grow, Preschool Individualized Education Plan, IEP and 504 plan, IHP.
PACER provides
individual assistance, workshops,
publications, and other resources to help families make decisions
about education and other services for their child
or young adult with disabilities.
Families and their children or young adults with disabilities or special health care needs from birth through adulthood.
Educators and other professionals who work with students with or without disabilities.
Parents of all children and schools working together to encourage family involvement in education
used to describe gifted children who, have the characteristics of gifted students with the potential for high achievement and give evidence of one or more disabilities as defined by federal or state eligibility criteria
(SpLD), speech and language disorders, emotional/behavioral disorders, physical disabilities, autism spectrum, or other impairments such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
difficulty keeping up with course rigor, volume, and demands--resulting in inconsistent academic performance, frustration, difficulties with written expression, and labels such as lazy, unmotivated, and underachiever.
If you really want the kids to learn, they’ve got to be engaged.”
where students can practice language with their peers in a more personal, lower-risk setting
more small groups,
o the strong relationship she had with the regular classroom teachers
ESL teachers could regularly get copies of lesson plans or collaborate with regular classroom teachers to build solid back-and-forth support,
silent period,
Don’t force them to talk if they don’t want to,”
ill speak very little, if at all
pair him with other students who speak his native language
Allow them to write in their first language if they’re able.
Letting them explain things or ask questions in their first language gets them to relax and feel like a part of the class.”
llows them to still participate in journal writing or a math extended response, even if you can’t read what they write.”
consider the whole list of terms you’re going to teach for a unit,
Sentence frames
I disagree with what _________ said because…
Keep these posted in a highly visible spot in your classroom and require students to refer to them during discussions and while they write.
as to become a regular part of class
Pre-teach
The kids feel so empowered if they’ve had a chance to look at the material ahead of time.”
aking the time to learn the basics of where a child comes from — exactly, not ‘somewhere in the Middle East/South America/Asia/Africa’ — tells the
student that you respect her enough to bother.
learn
bout students’ religious and cultural practices. If
If you anticipate a theme coming up in your class that’s going to be relevant to one of your students, have a conversation with them in advance, or check with your ESL teacher to see if they think it’s appropriate for in-class discussion.
By modeling the risk-taking that’s required to learn a new language, you help students develop the courage to take their own risks, and to have a sense of humor about it.
ake a conscious effort to see past the accent and the mispronunciations and treat every interaction — every student — with the respect they deserve.
a social story is a short story with realistic pictures which is intended to help an autistic child, teen, or adult to better understand and/or navigate his or her world.
Social Stories are used to teach concepts, ideas, skills, and behaviors.
unique Social Stories are written and illustrated for individual people
Students and others with disabilities have the same rights and responsibilities as other people.
Support for active interagency system leadership teams.Planning protocols to support coordination of services around individual students and their families.Tools for enhancing students’ strengths and interests in an IEP.
Person-centered practices empower students with disabilities and their families to make decisions about their own lives.
IEP
outlines the unique needs of the student and the specialized goals and objectives that will help the student make educational progress.
Parents are a critical partner in every phase of identifying a student for special education and in establishing the IEP.
students who are unable to communicate fluently or learn effectively in English, who often come from non-English-speaking homes and backgrounds,
o not have the English-language ability needed to participate fully in American society or achieve their full academic potential in schools and learning environments in which instruction is delivered largely or entirely in English.
fastest-growing segment of the school-age population in the United States, but they are also a tremendously diverse group representing numerous languages, cultures, ethnicities, nationalities, and socioeconomic backgrounds
overty, familial transiency, or non-citizenship status,
p
underperform on standardized tests, drop out of school at significantly higher rates, and decline to pursue postsecondary education.
For example, states and national organizations have developed standards to guide curriculum and instruction in English-as a second language programs, while customized teaching and learning materials for English-language learners are now routinely introduced into regular academic courses.