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3.1.2 "Investigate how the loudness and pitch of sound changes when the rate of vibrations changes." This activity can be used with ELL students by having them do the activity while saying a variety of words that they need to practice learning. These words could be said in Spanish and English, both. This is a great way to use this activity in a way that is meaningful for those students. This activity can also be used with older ages by having the students record their predictions about what will happen if they use a louder voice, or a deeper pitch with the sound. The students could then compare their results with other students in the class.

Make sure to emphasize the need to keep careful records as that is what makes this activity appropriate for teaching the Nature of Science.  This activity is excellent for showing children the value of records as it utilizes information from 50 years ago.  Discovering patterns and trends is also very appropriate in this area of study.  Creating a presentation of the information would offer a chance to incorporate different multiple intelligences.

Students with high literacy skills can read more information about worms and share it with the class.  Students with low literacy skills can be in charge of making drawings of their observations to keep a visual record of the worms' progress.

An appropriate children's literature connection might be Diary of a Worm.

1.3.3 "Observe and explain that plants and animals have basic needs for growth and survival: plants need to take in water and need light, and animals need to take in water and food and have a way to dispose of waste." This activity can be modified for ELL students by having them strictly draw pictures of their observations, rather than writing words to describe their observations. This can also be adjusted for older grades, by having them grow several different types of flowers, or by using different fertilizers to help the flowers grow. The students can then compare their effects of the different fertilizers on the same flowers.

1.3.1. "Classify living organisms according to variations in specific physical features (e.g., body coverings, appendages) and describe how those features may provide an advantage for survival in different environments." This activity can be modified for ELL students by having them draw pictures of the bugs they find, rather than writing words or numbers. This can also be adjusted for older groups by having them classify animals they see, which could include mammals, insects, fish, etc. They could also describe many other characteristics, such as the types of food these animals or insects eat.