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Phytase can be relatively cheaply and easily produced and added to poultry feed, but that solves only one aspect of the problem. "Another anti-nutritive factor found in cereal grains used in broiler diets include the presence of non-starch polysaccharides - NSP, which are fibrous material found in plant cell walls," Lee said. "Chickens lack the digestive capacity of ruminant animals and the presence of NSP in the diet increases intestinal viscosity resulting in decreased digestibility of the diet." Fortunately, according to Lee, another enzyme, carbohydrase, can help increase Digestibility of high fiber broiler diets. Both enzymes need be added at low rates, typically from 0.25 to 1 pound per ton of feed. But a question remained: Which strains of the two enzymes were best combinations for chicken health and feed conversion efficiency? To determine this, Lee has been conducting studies comparing how multiple levels of phytase affects the bio-availability of phytate with and without non-starch polysaccharides. The feed tested was a combination of corn and soybean meal with added vitamins and micronutrients - a standard poultry ration. The relationship between the effects of the two enzymes turned out to be more complicated than expected. Non-starch polysaccharides increased the bioavailability of phosphorus but at only one of the three levels of phytase concentrations tested. The results of his study will give commercial poultry producer's information they need to fine-tune feed mixture to reduce phosphorus runoff from chicken litter without endangering flock health, Lee said. Related Article: http://www.quora.com/Kazmier-Lokkines/crown-eco/Crown-capital-eco-management-environment-blog-Biomass-Boiler-Addresses-Alaskans-Environmental-Economic-Concerns-1

http://axeljuddah-crowncapitalmanagement.blogspot.com/2013/10/help-to-buy-scheme-raises-threat-of.html High quality global journalism requires investment. Please share this article with others using the link below, do not cut & paste the article. See our Ts&Cs and Copyright Policy for more detail. Email ftsales.support@ft.com to buy additional rights. The government's flagship Help to Buy scheme could cause a sharp rise in mortgage fraud, according to one of the most senior policemen tackling economic crime. The mortgage subsidy programme, the second phase of which started this month, could reignite a crime that has been declining as a result of tighter lending requirements, Detective Superintendent Oliver Shaw of the City of London Police said. "Mortgage fraud is definitely on my radar," he told a conference on Thursday. "We've seen fewer mortgage frauds recently because banks have been more careful about who they're lending to but when Help to Buy goes live fully, that's a huge vulnerability. We're trying to change everyone's mindset before it gets to the problem it was in 2009." Fraudulent brokers and solicitors were of particular concern, he later told the Financial Times. The scheme has already been strongly criticised by economists, lenders and even the International Monetary Fund said it risked inflating house prices. These have begun to rise sharply this year, although growth has mainly been concentrated in London. Mortgage fraud has crept upwards since 2006, according to statistics compiled by Experian. Last year, 38 of 10,000 mortgages were fraudulent, compared with 15 in 10,000 in 2006. Some commentators have attributed the rise to lenders being better at spotting applications that misstate income or poor credit history. Help To Buy was announced by George Osborne, the chancellor, in this year's budget. Its first stage offered equity loans of up to 20 per cent of the value of a new property. RELATED ARTICLE: http://www.bluec