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Cynthia, Marion - have a look at this: I assume that this also affects our model, correct?

And I suppose they will (or already have) modify their GCM to take this in account...

As the researchers desribe, the aquifer found is defined as a basin filled with aged snow (firn) that was saturated with water trapped within its porous structure. More ice cores to study! But in that case the time sequence along the length of the cores - to be extracted- would not be monotonic, as was the case in the dry cores we analysed. That's because there is constant input of surface water percolating through the ice-sheet to reach the depth of the aquifer, and since it flows downward its temperature could affect its partial pressure => its vertical position along the core

A new mechanism was discovered on how H2 and N2 participate in the radiation budget. This may help to resolve the "faint young sun paradox", a hypothesis according to which during the earlier age of the solar system when sun radiation had lower intensity than now, the earth was warmer. Extended, it could reassess the past habitability of Mars.

A good idea for a card in one of our ACT magic decks!!! In his words AI is "our biggest existential threat" - lol

the "even" in your comment is the key word

Edge.org recently had an interesting piece that ties into all of this recent AI fear mongering: http://edge.org/conversation/the-myth-of-ai

Researchers have proposed a new "acoustic topological insulator" that could help alleviate sound scattering problems by transmitting sound in certain directions without any backscattering.

If I understood correctly the triangular structure would channel the incident sound wave to a unique direction between two options, according to the rotation direction of the cylinders included in its mesh. So, one (possibly two) directions left to detect the hypothetical submarines? Very interesting though, I hope no oceanographers take measurements simultaneously to the signals as climate models will get even more wrong...!

They use a technique they call "Empirical Dynamic Modeling" to find correlations between different variables of chaotic systems. Might be interesting for things like climate modeling and similar chaotic systems. The idea seems pretty straight forward but I never encountered it before - so I'm no sure if this is really a new development (curious if anybody else knows). If you are short on time just watch the video embedded in the article.

Just by reading the page and the related material I didn't really get much, but I think it could be worth investing some time in reading more about it. But I'm interested in this, so I'll try to dig deeper!

Researchers have managed to create a materials that can extract CO2 from a humid environment, which was up to now not possible due to water blocking the absorption. With this hurdle taken, it may be possible to extract CO2 in large quantities from the atmopshere. This would then either be stored or possible even processed with H2 to form carbohydrates. Marsian atmosphere?

Some locations on Mars are known to have water ice just below the surface, but how much has remained unclear. Dundas et al. used data from two orbiting spacecraft to examine eight locations where erosion has occurred. This revealed cliffs composed mostly of water ice, which is slowly sublimating as it is exposed to the atmosphere. The ice sheets extend from just below the surface to a depth of 100 meters or more and appear to contain distinct layers, which could preserve a record of Mars' past climate. They might even be a useful source of water for future human exploration of the red planet.

An international team of scientists led by Liang-shi Li at Indiana University has achieved a new milestone in the quest to recycle carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere into carbon-neutral fuels and others materials.