Jacob Solomon's group - M2015(B)

This article from Belarusian news agency BeITA explains the exchange rate policy of the Belarusian National Bank, as described by Deputy Chairman Sergei Kalechits. It explains policy regarding the managed float status of the Belarusian Ruble and how the government pursues a balanced policy surrounding the currency, aiming to reduce the interest rate whilst maintaining competitive advantage with domestic exports.

This article is about the exchange rate in the UK for the Pund (GBP), which has become weaker during the past weeks. This implies that the UK economy is slowing down. 

This article shows how predictions and forecasting influence exchange rates  

this article demonstrates the effectivnes of having a fixed method of exchange rates for LED'C's. it alows them more stability and therefor more prospects for trade

Three traders, who called themselves the "Three Musketeers", worked in big corporate banks and that met in a chat room to coordinate their buying and selling to shift currencies to their favor. Regulators have caught onto what these traders and banks have been doing and fined them with a fine over $4 billion.

This article presents how a report done by the Monetary Policy Committee of the UK has lead to the value of the pound falling slightly against the dollar. This shows how the direct action of a central bank (here refusing to increase the interest rate) can impact the exchange rate.

This article concerns the banks in the area of the UK. Banks such as: citibank, HSBC, UBS, and Royal Bank of Scotland. These banks have been fined at total of 2.5 billion pounds for rigging exchange rates. In order to receive more income.

This article talks about article resuming levying of import tariffs for coal.

What's going on in New Delhi is that as the telecommunication companies (telecom) have to pay increasingly higher tariffs for their services, the cost that the customers have to pay has increased accordingly. The problem with this is that the tariffs continue to rise - if the tariffs rose, say, from 5%-7% over the course of two years, it would be somewhat reasonable and manageable, as times change. What is not manageable, however, is that there is no end in sight for the rising tariffs, meaning that it could rise to ridiculous levels, losing customers and devastating the telecom industry.

"NEW YORK-U.S. sugar users are pressing for more low-tariff imports of the sweetener as an annual window opens for the federal government to relax trade restrictions." The linked article concerns the potential that the US government have to revise the quota placed on sugar imports. While the quota is designed to protect domestic products, there are no calls for the government to increase the maximum amount so that sugar levels can be brought to acceptable levels without having to pay increased domestic prices.

This article describes how the US is trying to impose a Tariff on sugar imports. The reason for this tariff is that the Mexican sugar producers are being subsidized and can therefore export their sugar for a lower price which undermines the American producers. The tariff should narrow the gap between the American prices and the Mexican import. prices.

The US and Japan are considering closing a deal on dairy industry liberalisation by imposing tariffs on for example skim milk powder and butter. These tariffs, which are supposedly introduced to 'protect Japanese agriculture' make trade impossible, which is in turn hurting countries heavily dependent on the dairy industry, like New Zealand.

this article shows how some regulations in some countries could effect export of other countries and how the WTO handles the situation to ensure fare trade.  

The European Union have reached an agreement with China to end the threat of EU tariffs on Chinese telecommunications equipment. The tariff was going to be imposed as a form of protectionism to protect the European manufactures Ericsson, Nokia and Alcatel against the Chinese firms Huawei and ZTE. The Chinese firms are able to produce equipment cheaper than the European firms, due to more abundant natural resources, but also, crucially through subsidies from the Beijing government. The deal reached on October 9th, sees the Chinese companies granted a share of the market, but not access to it fully, as this is reserved for the European firms, to protect EU economic growth in such a tempestuous time, showing that, forms of protectionism still exist in the market, despite this agreement.

Japan said it wants Thailand to increase the quota of steel imports with tariff discounts to feed its offshore automobile production.

This article discusses the tariffs on Chinese coal exports from Australian coal mines to China. It discusses how it protects the local Chinese coal industry and how it affects Yancoal (the exporting coal company) exports.

This article deals with the quota put on the big nation's extreme fishing. The problem is that the nations ignore the quota and therefore there are species that are on their way to becoming extinct.

example of possibe effects of a tarrif

This article explains how South Korea is now imposing an extremely high tariff of 513% on foreign rice (mainly from China) on top of the already existing quotas to try to protect the domestic market even more

Australia, Russia exports seen hit; Indonesia to be exempt * China thermal coal futures, China shares of top coal firms rise (Adds analyst's comments, coal futures and coal firms' shares) By Fayen Wong SHANGHAI, Oct 9 (Reuters) - China, the world's top coal importer, will levy import tariffs on the commodity after nearly a decade, in its latest bid to prop up ailing domestic miners who have been buffeted by rising costs and tumbling prices. China will levy import tariffs between 3-6 percent.