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Heather Kapenga

Agencies Step in to Address HIV/Aids in Prisons. - 0 views

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Zambia HIV_AIDS effects

shared by Heather Kapenga on 11 Apr 11 - No Cached
  • Prisoners are rendered vulnerable due to overcrowding, poor nutrition, limited access to healthcare, injecting drug use, unsafe sex and tattooing, according to government officials and NGOs. According to the Zambia Prisons Service (ZPS), last year about 450 inmates in the 52 prisons across the country died from HIV/AIDS-related illnesses.
  • Having identified the challenges and problems posed by the pandemic, the ZPS was developing an HIV/AIDS policy with a range of prevention measures to address the pandemic among inmates, officers and their families, and working with a number of stakeholders to sensitise prisoners to the dangers of HIV/AIDS
  • A project run in collaboration with the Copperbelt University (CBU) clinic has paid some dividends: the 'In But Free' (IBF) programme, which implies that prisoners can be in jail but free from disease, provides inmates with information on how to protect themselves. 'In But Free' teaches prisoners to avoid contracting the disease by not sharing razor blades, and about the dangers of sexual intercourse. "They are also taught how to live positively if they are already infected
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  • Some officials have also been trained to provide psychosocial counseling, and inmates have enrolled as peer educators to disseminate information on HIV/AIDS.
  • The Community Responses to HIV/AIDS (CRAIDS), a component of the Zambia National Response to HIV/AIDS, recently launched a primary healthcare project for prisoners to tackle the pandemic at the Mukobeko Maximum Prisons in Kabwe, the administrative capital of Zambia's Central Province
  • PFZ also conducts weekly mobile clinics in Copperbelt prisons and has formed support groups for positive living.
  • The ZPS and CRAIDS welcomed the government's provision of free ARVs to the prisoners.
  • The Prisons Fellowship of Zambia (PFZ), a prisoner rehabilitation programme operating in 40 jails in the country, recommended that ARVs be provided.
  • PFZ uses a community-based health approach in providing health information and medical services to inmates with the help of volunteer care groups, clinical officers and as peer educators.
  • CRAIDS has trained some prison officers and inmates in home-based care, and has recommended that prisoners should have access to HIV/AIDS education, care and treatment, and cleaning materials such as bleach.
    • Heather Kapenga
      Heather Kapenga on 11 Apr 11
       
      Reaction: I was pretty surprised to read that 450 prisoners in 52 jails in Zambia died of HIV/AIDS. It was also interesting to read about some of the ways how prison programs in Zambia have tried to help those who are infected with HIV/AIDS by providing these people with healthcare, ARVs, and counseling as well as also having programs like the "In But Free" programs to help those who have not been infected by HIV/AIDS protect them from being infected by giving them information on this disease and things they can do to prevent themselves from being infected by HIV/AIDS. Questions:1. Are there other things or programs that the jails in Zambia can have to help those suffering from HIV/AIDS?2. Could they allow medications in prisons for those suffering from HIV/AIDS?3. How well will these programs help these inmates who have or don't have HIV/AIDS?
  • Heather Kapenga on 11 Apr 11
     
    Research Question: What are the effects of HIV/AIDS in Zambia? Citation: "Agencies Step in to Address HIV/Aids in Prisons." Africa News Service 5 Sept. 2005. Student Edition. Web. 11 Apr. 2011. Summary: The summary of this article is about those in Zambia who are in prison and are either already infected by HIV/AIDS before they came to jail or while they are in jail. It explains how people in jail can get infected by the disease by doing things like poor nutrition, injecting themselves with drugs, and having unsafe sex. The ZPS (Zambian Prisons Service) has come up with ways for those infected by HIV/AIDS to help these people by doing things like providing these people with healthcare. Also CBU (Copperbelt University) has developed a program called "In But Free" which is a prevention policy that teaches inmates information on prevention from HIV/AIDS and information on how to protect themselves from being infected by HIV/AIDS. Plus the PFZ (Prisons Fellowship of Zambia) has a prisoners rehabilitation program in 40 jails in the country which allows ARVs as well as counseling for those who are infected with HIV/AIDS.
Heather Kapenga

Now SACCORD Seeks to Resolve HIV/Aids Conflict. - 0 views

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Zambia HIV_AIDS effects

shared by Heather Kapenga on 11 Apr 11 - No Cached
  • However, for the Southern African Centre for Conflict Resolutions of Disputes (SACCORD), political leaders could be key in helping to mitigate the effects of this pandemic.
  • He observed that what killed people infected with the HIV/AIDS was not the disease itself alone but the attitude that people cast on such patients.
  • Habasonda said it was sad that stigma had reached high levels - extents where people got depressed and died because no one took the interest to take care of them.
  • ...6 more annotations...
  • "It is high time that we mobilised the much needed political will so we mitigate the effects of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. This disease is dangerous and unless we act now, it will wipe us all out," he said.
  • It is apparent that all the arguments by these learned colleagues point but to one aspect, the need by lawmakers and the Government in particular to redouble efforts in fighting the pandemic. HIV/AIDS is not a health problem, but the most serious socio-economic problem that Zambia, indeed Africa has ever faced
  • He said it was sad that access to anti-retroviral (ARV) therapy was almost impossible in some constituencies that his organisation had taken a pilot project to sensitize people on the dangers of the pandemic.
  • Habasonda said voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) centres were other facilities that were not available in remote areas. He said the issue of CD4 count machines was worrying and Government should address it.
  • Habasonda said HIV/AIDS should not remain within the bounds social issue but it should be mainstreamed in political circles for the fight to be won.
    • Heather Kapenga
      Heather Kapenga on 11 Apr 11
       
      Reaction: I was actually pretty surprised to read that there were people that were not dying from complications of HIV/AIDS but, instead there are those that are dying from being so depressed about having HIV/AIDS because of the attitude the people placed on them for being infected with HIV/AIDS. This relates to my research question because the SACCORD realizes how big an effect this HIV/AIDS epidemic has been in Zambia and they want to work with the Government to come up with ways that they can help with those who are suffering from this disease and for those who are dying of depression because they have HIV/AIDS. Questions:1. Besides trying to get therapy and counseling in Zambia is there anything else that the Government and SACCORD can do to help those who are suffering from complications of HIV/AIDS?2. What if therapy and counseling doesn't help those who have depression and many people still take their lives? What will the Government and SACCORD do then?3. Will therapy and counseling really help these people or not?
  • Heather Kapenga on 11 Apr 11
     
    Research Question: What are the effects of HIV/AIDS in Zambia? Citation: "Now SACCORD Seeks to Resolve HIV/Aids Conflict." Africa News Service 12 Aug. 2005. Student Edition. Web. 11 Apr. 2011. Summary: The summary of this article is that SACCORD (Southern African Centre for Conflict Resolutions of Dispute) political leaders want to try and help those in Zambia who have been infected by HIV/AIDS and did a one day workshop in Zambia and they found out that there were people who were not only dying from complications of HIV/AIDS but there were also people dying from the attitude people had on them which led those people to become depressed and died. SACCORD wants to team up with the Government and come up with ways that they can help these people not only emotionally but physically as well. That's why SACCORD wants to try and get therapy and counseling in Zambia for those who have HIV/AIDS so that it can help those who are depressed from becoming dead and the HIV/AIDS epidemic wiping out all of Zambia.
Heather Kapenga

NGOCC Laments HIV/Aids Effects On Women. - 0 views

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Zambia AIDS Effects

shared by Heather Kapenga on 18 Feb 11 - No Cached
  • COMTEX) -- THE Non-Governmental Organisations Coordinating Council (NGOCC) has said the HIV/AIDS pandemic has continued to have an adverse impact on women both in terms of infection and the burden of care giving.
    • Heather Kapenga
      Heather Kapenga on 18 Feb 11
       
      Reaction: I was very surprised to find that women in Zambia are more infected by HIV/AIDS than men and how up to 4.9% of women are affected more by HIV/AIDS than men. I was also aware about how women would be caretakers but, I was not expecting around 90%. A couple ways they said that they can have less women end up with HIV/AIDS is for men to also do their part in taking care of those infected by the disease which should help decrease the amount of women affected by HIV/AIDS. Also to have more food provided as well should help those infected by HIV/AIDS. Questions:1. Will this solution really resolve less women from being affected by HIV/AIDS?2. Won''t men helping out HIV patients also get them more likely to be infected with HIV too?3. How can nutritious food help prevent someone from being infected by HIV?
  • Heather Kapenga on 18 Feb 11
     
    Research Question: What are the effects of HIV/AIDS in Zambia Citation: "NGOCC Laments HIV/Aids Effects On Women." Africa News Service 9 Mar. 2009. Student Edition. Web. 17 Feb. 2011. Summary: This article tells about the effect of HIV/AIDS in Zambia and how this is affecting the women in Zambia. It also mentions how women are more likely to end up with HIV/AIDS than men. Around 17.8% of women end up with HIV/AIDS compared to men who have 12.9% infected with HIV/AIDS. Plus it mentions a few ways on how they can prevent more and more women from being affected by HIV/AIDS.
Heather Kapenga

Zambia's HIV infection rates up. - 0 views

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Zambia HIV AIDS

shared by Heather Kapenga on 18 Feb 11 - No Cached
  • The country's National AIDS Council (NAC) said the rate of new HIV infection rose from 70, 000 in 2007 to 82, 000 this year.
  • 79 percent of the new infections were resulted from active people having sex with non-regular partners.
  • Zambia's Interfaith Networking Group on HIV/AIDS, an organization embracing all religions, said there was need to spread latest information on new infections to sustain prevention among young people, adding that the organization was committed to ensuring that the southern African country remains free from HIV/ AIDS by 2015.
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  • Zambia's HIV/AIDS prevalence rate currently stands at 14.3 percent among people aged between 15 and 49.
  • the unprecedented number of new infections had resulted in an increase in orphans and vulnerable children, pledging that the government and cooperating partners will consider increasing budgetary support in the fight against HIV/AIDS.
  • COPYRIGHT 2009 COMTEX News Network, Inc. LUSAKA, Dec 02, 2009 (Xinhua via COMTEX) -- Zambia
    • Heather Kapenga
      Heather Kapenga on 18 Feb 11
       
      Reflection: I was very surprised by how huge these numbers are of people in Zambia who are affected by HIV/AIDS and how 82,000 people this year are affected by it. I was also surprised to read about how up to 79% of people in Zambia are infected with AIDS by having affairs and that you would think they would not do this so they do not end up being infected with AIDS and passing it down to their children right away from birth. This article contributes to my research question because, it gives out facts about how many people are affected by AIDS and how that affects them and their children and how they would like to put an end to this epidemic before this disease keeps passing on.Questions:1. Why do these people continue to be infected by HIV/AIDS when they can put a stop to it by not being sexually active?2. Are there any other ways to prevent these people from being infected by HIV/AIDS?3.Why would it take up to 2015 for southern African countries to become HIV/AIDS free?
  • Heather Kapenga on 18 Feb 11
     
    Research Question: What is the effect of AIDS/HIV in Zambia? Citation: "Zambia's HIV infection rates up." Xinhua News Agency 2 Dec. 2009. Student Edition. Web. 15 Feb. 2011. Summary: The National AIDS Council (NAC) says that the rate of  the HIV infection has increased dramatically from 70,000 people to 82,000 people in Zambia. Also there is an epidemic of up to 79% of people who are being infected by HIV by having affairs. Plus Zambia's Interfaith Networking Group on HIV/AIDS ensured that souther African countries to remain AIDS free by 2015. Finally the current rate of people in Zambia affected by HIV/AIDS is at 14.3% for people between the ages of 15 and 49.
Kyleah Vander Klok

HEART OF DARKNESS.(AIDS and HIV in Zambia). - 0 views

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Zambia AIDS orphans

shared by Kyleah Vander Klok on 17 Feb 11 - No Cached
  • The country is 17 years into an HIV/AIDS pandemic.
  • One in four of the 9.5 million population is infected, according to experts in Zambia, and in some areas it's risen to one in three.
  • 1.5 million children in Zambia have lost one or both parents to AIDS
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  • Zambians are reluctant to accept that HJV is the cause of all the dying. The stigma of AIDS is so enormous here, survivors prefer to say that family members died from tuberculosis or meningitis, common AIDS-related conditions.
  • a baby who manages to avoid contracting HIV in utero or during delivery has about a one in three chance of getting the virus from breast-feeding
  • We have 45 orphans in our extended family already
  • This disease has become a wa
  • One generation has been wiped out due to AIDS, says Salvation Army social worker Thebisa Ghaava. "The next one will be lost due to a lack of schooling," she says.
  • Zambia has little in the way of a national HIV/AIDS education program
  • Life expectancy has dropped from 56 years to 37 in recent years, and observers believe it could reach as low as 30 within the next decade.
  • For 19-year-old Rachel Musonda, who lives in the Copperbelt mining region in the north of the country, the past four years have been a nightmare, as first her father, then her mother, and then her three older siblings died of AIDS. With each new casualty, Musonda, who was forced to drop out of high school to nurse her parents and who has no skills or financial means, has been left with more children to raise. At 15, she had no choice but to become mother and father to her six younger siblings, then aged from 13 down to one year. With the subsequent deaths of her two older sisters and brother, and their spouses, she had to take on three more children, bringing the total to nine, because there was nowhere else for them to go.
  • Anti-AIDS medications cost $10,000 to $15,000 a year, more than the vast majority of Africans earn in a lifetime.
  • Consequently, the country's budget for health care is a pitiful $6 to $8 per person per year, and that sum includes the cost of hospitals and treating other rampant health problems such as malaria.
  • And even the discounted price of $2000 a year per patient is still a fantastical sum for Zambians, representing as it does an average of nearly seven years' income for the 40 percent who are fortunate enough to be employed.
  • medications must be taken on a strictly observed schedule around meals. In Zambia, the reality is that many people can eat only when food is available. And that is increasingly becoming only once every several days.
  • 50 percent of children are chronically malnourished.
  • In spite of Christianity's wide reach, traditional beliefs still run deep, and AIDS is often attributed to witchcraft
  • Another growing factor in the spread of AIDS is the legion of street kids, often AIDS orphans, many of whom must turn to prostitution to survive, as the country has only a handful of orphanages. About 750,000 children, some as young as four, have already been forced onto the streets.
  • In 1991, they underestimated the number of infections in the year 2000 by 40 percent. Already, 17 million have died, and today there are more than 25 million infected.
  • n the capital, the HIV rate among pregnant 15-to 19-year olds is beginning to drop for the first time
  • Twenty-five percent of our population is positive," she says but that means 75 percent is negative. Three out of four of us have the means to turn the situation around. But to do that Zambians need to take control of their lives."
  • Kyleah Vander Klok on 17 Feb 11
     
    What are the effects of HIV/AIDS in Zambia? 1.Harper's Bazaar: GOODWIN, JAN. "HEART OF DARKNESS." Harper's Bazaar Mar. 2001: 450. Student Edition. Web. 16 Feb. 2011. http://find.galegroup.com/gtx/infomark.do?&contentSet=IAC-Documents&type=retrieve&tabID=T003&prodId=STOM&docId=A72411528&source=gale&srcprod=STOM&userGroupName=lom_accessmich&version=1.0 2. This document is about how so many people are orphaned because of AIDS. People do not want to hear about AIDs and they pass it off for witchcraft or other Viruses.The lifespan of the people has dropped significantly over the years.People are trying to help by letting themselves be open to the youth and be models. 3. It is terrible the effects of the virus, so many have died because the don't know or they can't do anything about it. Those poor children having to raise other kids when they themselves are still to young and have no way to support any of them.  4. WHat can be done to help kids stay off the street and not to sell their bodies to feed their family? Where can the people turn to to know what is happening and what is better for them? 
Heather Kapenga

Misconception And Myths Surrounding ARVs. - 0 views

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Zambia HIV_AIDS effects

shared by Heather Kapenga on 08 Mar 11 - No Cached
  • Despite all the efforts by scientists all over the world to find the cure for AIDS, all what they can boast of is the invasion of the anti-retroviral drugs, ARVs as they are commonly known. They are not a cure for AIDS but have proved to be the best option to prolong the lifespan of HIV infected people.
  • Realising the important role that these drugs play in helping people living with AIDS live longer, the Government subsidised the price of these drugs for poor people to easily access them.
  • the Government embarked on an ambitious programme to put about 100,000 HIV patients on ARVs, which target was however, not met.
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  • Many people have talked strongly against the drugs and are championing calls for the stoppage of administering the drugs.
  • A survey conducted revealed that the majority were against the use of the drugs because they made people gain weight and that the medicine was an instant killer.
  • A strong myth of curing HIV/AIDS by having sex with minors has also cast a dark shadow on the Zambian community as the country has been rocked with cases of defilement and rape in the recent past. This has in a way helped the spread of HIV/AIDS.
  • Further, some people still believe that the drugs change the complexion of a person and make them lose their tempers easily with others thinking that the drug make someone's body swollen.
  • The drugs do not cure HIV/AIDS and have their guidelines that need to be followed at all costs if the drugs were to work normally and avoid complications.
  • Unlike some medicines that can be taken inconsistently without causing major side effects, ARVs can be dangerous and in extreme cases fatal if inconsistently and incorrectly taken.
  • And because of this failure to adhere to their use, the drug have been described as a danger to the human life. Some people have shunned treatment while others have remained reluctant to seek treatment for fear of the misconceptions.
  • A further survey, however, revealed that mostly, the negative attitude towards the drugs was due to the misconception and myths surrounding these drugs.
  • It is for this reason that the Churches Health Association of Zambia (CHAZ) recently organised a three day media workshop on ARVs in its continued effort to educate media practitioners and the general public on the advantages of ARVs.
  • "Once the media people know exactly how the ARVs work, their side effects and the benefits of taking the drugs, they would be able to correctly inform the public on the goodness of the drugs"
  • Apart from improving the health of an infected person, ARVs were invented to reduce the amount of HIV virus in the body and support the immune system to enable it fight the virus.
  • The ARVs are generally there to help the infected persons live longer.
  • Heather Kapenga on 08 Mar 11
     
    Research Question: What are the effects of HIV/AIDS in Zambia? Citation: "Misconception And Myths Surrounding ARVs." Africa News Service 26 June 2006. Student Edition. Web. 8 Mar. 2011 Summary: This article explains how in Zambia doctors are trying a new drug called ARVs. However, the people in Zambia are complaining about the major side effects that this drug does such as gaining weight, easily loosing their tempers, and even death. The people in Zambia want the drug to be dis-continued but, scientists argue saying that the drug is meant for people living with HIV/AIDS to live longer but will not heal them from HIV/AIDS. In fact the Churches Health Association of Zambia (CHAZ) organized a 3 day media workshop to show that the drug is effective and will not have those major side effects if used properly.
Kyleah Vander Klok

The drugs, the drugs - 0 views

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effects of HIV_AIDS in Zambia

shared by Kyleah Vander Klok on 13 Apr 11 - No Cached
  • the blanket assumption that everyone dying in the country has Aids, and the lack of education to give people an informed choice of whether to rake the drugs or not, many Zambians will do anything (even go hungry) just to buy what they believe are "life-giving" drugs, without thinking about their side effects.
  • he was given the drugs because he had had a cough for a month.
  • "there are many people in Africa with latent TB just waiting for HIV to come and acrivate it", TB has become the most HIV related disease on the continent today.
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  • It is, therefore, very common that people testing HIV positive, or even assumed to be, are immediately prescribed TB drugs as a first option.
  • families in Lusaka who have lost loved ones to what they believe were the side effects of the "anti-Aids" drugs. All of them said their relatives were not tested for HIV -- they were assumed to be infected by the virus because of the symptoms their illnesses showed
  • There is growing pressure on the Zambian government to acquire anti-Aids drugs than finding preventative measures.
  • There is, therefore, an urgent need for people to be given an informed choice before being put on the anti-Aids drugs.
  • People should also be told that being on the drugs is not a short-term measure because half courses (which are what most Zambians can now afford) are a death sentence. People need to know that as soon as circumstances (usually financial) force them to stop taking the drugs, the death clock starts to tick even faster because their immune systems have been compromised by the drugs.
  • some Zambians are clearly nor dying of Aids. Their illnesses are wrongly diagnosed, which leads to wrongly prescribed drugs and untimely deaths.
  • silent killer stalking the land is the fear psychosis that grips many every time they have a headache, a cough or diarrhoea. The "boosters" are not really helping much.
  • Kyleah Vander Klok on 13 Apr 11
     
    1.Nyendwa, Fred. "The drugs, the drugs." New African Dec. 2000: 31. Academic OneFile. Web. 13 Apr. 2011  http://find.galegroup.com/gtx/infomark.do&contentSet=IACDocuments&type=retrieve&tabID=T003&prodId=AONE&docId=A68767983&source=gale&srcprod=AONE&userGroupName=lom_accessmich&version=1.0  2. Fear and hastily diagnosed AIDS has caused many deaths. The people do not know the effects of what certain drugs can do to a person. The doctors at hospitals give a diagnoses that a sickness is AIDS without testing and are putting them on dangerous drugs that can be deadly. 3. It is good that they are concerned for the people and are trying to keep them from getting TB but they do need to do testing because the people are scared of getting the disease and are uneducated so much that they don't know the difference from a normal sickness and AIDS and if the doctors are not telling helping then people are dying needlessly. 4. How much fear has been put into HIV/AIDS and is it right to do that? How can we lessen the fear of getting the disease and increasing the education in what it is? Is it bad that we are educating these people about the disease? Are we over exaggerating the possibility of getting HIV/AIDS and the whole epidemic?
Kyleah Vander Klok

HIV/AIDS deepens food crisis in southern Africa. (News). - 0 views

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zambia

shared by Kyleah Vander Klok on 10 Mar 11 - No Cached
  • Severe food shortages in Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Swaziland, Zambia, Zimbabwe--and in parts of South Africa--are being worsened by HIV/AIDS. The disease is having "dramatic" effects on agriculture
  • Zambia have already declared their food shortages national disasters
  • households affected by HIV/ AIDS had a far lower yearly income (rand 13 000, i.e. USS 1300) than the unaffected households (rand 20 000 or USS 2000). HIV/AIDS-hit households spent more on medical care and hospital bills, transport and funerals, but less on housing and education.
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  • households met part of the cost of AIDS by selling their goats and chickens and taking their children out of school.
  • another study shows that by the time a person dies of AIDS, two person-years of labour have been lost--not only because of the incapacity of the patient, but because of the care that others have to provide, and because in many places people can't work during funerals
  • HIV/AIDS also impoverishes the household, so affected families are less able to buy food,
  • people are not fully aware of this, but HIV/AIDS has become a major part of the food crisis
  • Kyleah Vander Klok on 10 Mar 11
     
    HIV/AIDS deepens food crisis in southern Africa. (News). Walgate, Robert, and Kerry Cullinan. "HIV/AIDS deepens food crisis in southern Africa. (News)." Bulletin of the World Health Organization 80.8 (2002): 687. Academic OneFile. Web. 9 Mar. 2011. http://find.galegroup.com/gtx/infomark.do?&contentSet=IAC-Documents&type=retrieve&tabID=T002&prodId=AONE&docId=A92081438&source=gale&srcprod=AONE&userGroupName=lom_accessmich&version=1.0 2. Because of AIDS and other problems there are food shortages in Zambia and other countries. The costs of funeral are to high for families so they can barely live and with the money they do earn it is not enough to feed a family.  3. I did not expect that it would cause food shortages. I thought that it may cause people to not be able to buy food because of expenses but I did not think of the problems with not enough people to grow crops.  4. What would it be like to live in fear that family was going to die? would this kind of life desensitize the people living there to what is going on? How many family members are taken care of by one family member
Kyleah Vander Klok

World Health HIV counseling and testing. (the effects of HIV/AIDS in Zambia). - 0 views

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Zambia effects of AIDS

shared by Kyleah Vander Klok on 17 Feb 11 - No Cached
  • When people know what their status is, they can cope better and make plans for their own and their family's future.
  • Lusaka, the capital of Zambia, has been severely affected by HIV. The seroprevalence among women, as shown by anonymous antenatal screening surveys, is around 30%, and recent community surveys indicate that 26% of both men and women aged 15 to 39 years are HIV-seropositive.
  • most households have to care for sick family members or for the children of relatives who have died.
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • Zambia's first VCT centre, the Kara Counseling and Training Trust, was established in November 1992 and offers a variety of support services outside the workplace or medical centre. These include a skills training programme for people with HIV
  • There are tens of thousands of AIDS orphans
  • there is still often great reluctance to be tested.
  • there is little medical help available for people with HIV
  • More than 20 million of the 30 million people estimated to be living with HIV at the end of 1997 live in sub-Saharan Africa. UNAIDS estimates that more than 90% of these are unaware of their infection.
    • Kyleah Vander Klok
      Kyleah Vander Klok on 17 Feb 11
       
      When people know what their status is, they can cope better and make plans for their own and their family's future. The seroprevalence among women, as shown by anonymous antenatal screening surveys, is around 30%, and recent community surveys indicate that 26% of both men and women aged 15 to 39 years are HIV-seropositive. most households have to care for sick family members or for the children of relatives who have died. tens of thousands of AIDS orphans here is still often great reluctance to be tested there is little medical help available for people with HIV More than 20 million of the 30 million people estimated to be living with HIV at the end of 1997 live in sub-Saharan Africa. UNAIDS estimates that more than 90% of these are unaware of their infection.
  • Kyleah Vander Klok on 17 Feb 11
     
    What are the effects of HIV/AIDS in Zambia? Ignatius Kayawe, Michael Kelly, and Rachel Baggaley. "HIV counselling and testing." World Health 51.6 (1998): 12. Student Edition. Web. 16 Feb. 2011. http://find.galegroup.com/gtx/infomark.do?&contentSet=IAC-Documents&type=retrieve&tabID=T002&prodId=STOM&docId=A54902050&source=gale&srcprod=STOM&userGroupName=lom_accessmich&version=1.02. After a VCT test people can more easily prepare their life with or without the disease. They say how counseling and preparing for the future will be help the people and bring down the rate of people who get it. They examined why people do not what to take a test. The reasons they do not is because of fear of having it, and what others will say, the strong denial of it ever happening.3. I did not realize that there was so much fear that was behind having AIDS. I knew there probably was some but not in the want to get rid of it. I really like that people are at least trying to help people cope with having the virus and that people with the discovery are changing their lives against getting the virus. It is terrible to think that their are so many orphans living in Zambia and having to support themselves after their parents die.4. Do people realize how many kids live without parents? What can be done to encourage people to take the tests and get help? Is there research being done to eliminate the virus? How long can a person live with the virus?
Heather Kapenga

Zambian doctors call for research into HIV/AIDS herbal remedies. - 0 views

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Zambia HIV_AIDS effects

shared by Heather Kapenga on 08 Mar 11 - No Cached
  • Heather Kapenga on 08 Mar 11
     
    Research Question: What are the effects of HIV/AIDS in Zambia? Citation: "Zambian doctors call for research into HIV/AIDS herbal remedies." Xinhua News Agency 20 Aug. 2007. Student Edition. Web. 8 Mar. 2011. Summary: This article explains how in Zambia the Zambia Medical Association (ZMA) has decided to do some research on trying herbal remedies to help treat those suffering from HIV/AIDS then the traditional medicine they have been using. However  with the shortage of doctors in Zambia there has been less research being done on herbal medicines as well as with traditional medicines and without this research this may cause sever consequences.
Haley Luurtsema

Survey Highlights Haitians' Vulnerability; Access to food, shelter, healthcare less pre... - 0 views

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Haiti Earthquake effects

shared by Haley Luurtsema on 17 Feb 11 - No Cached
  • Haitians' lack of access to basic needs such as food, shelter, and healthcare, even relative to neighboring Dominicans.
  • The effects of a 7.0-magnitude
  • 60% of Haitians said there had been times in the past year when they didn't have enough money to purchase food that their families needed, while 51% said there were times when they could not afford adequate shelter.
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  • Haitians were far more likely than any other population in Central America or the Caribbean to say they have had trouble providing shelter
  • Haitian President Rene Preval said some hospitals have collapsed as a result of the quake, further handicapping a public healthcare system poorly equipped to handle a disaster of this proportion.
  • Fewer than one in four (22%) said they were satisfied with the availability of quality healthcare in their communities, and one in nine (11%) said healthcare is accessible to anyone in the country.
  • Poor sanitation and lack of access to clean water are likely to make cholera and other waterborne diseases a major problem
  • including roads and highways, and schools -- were decimated by the quake. These facilities too were already seen as insufficient by most Haitians polled a year ago. About one-third were satisfied with the roads and highways (31%) and the schools (35%) in their communities
  • n the wake of a disaster, friendships and family ties become lifelines, serving as conduits for material as well as emotional support.
  • 30% said they have no relatives or friends they can count on for help
  • foreign aid both to make the country more resilient to natural disasters, and to improve access to basic social services like healthcare
  • Haley Luurtsema on 17 Feb 11
     
    Research Question: Still today, what are the social, economical, and political effects of the earthquake in Haiti? Citation Source: "Survey Highlights Haitians' Vulnerability; Access to food, shelter, healthcare less prevalent than in neighboring countries." Gallup Poll News Service (2010). Academic OneFile. Web. 16 Feb. 2011. Summary: This Article is about the Haitian people and their lack of basic needs such as food, shelter, and healthcare. The 7. magnitude earthquake effected manly lives of civilians in Haiti. Although, 60% of the people said that in the past year they didn't have enough money to even purchase food for their families needs. While 51% said that they could not afford a shelter. President Rene Preval said that hospitals having been destroyed, the public healthcare system is even more helpless. The Article tells us that less than 22% say that healthcare was fine to begin with in Haiti. Along with 11% that said healthcare was accessible to anyone in the country. Which leads to poor sanitation and lack of clean water in the area. In conclusion, Bill Clinton emphasized that foreign aid must make the country more resistant to natural disasters, and improved basic needs such as healthcare if people wish to survive. 
Haley Luurtsema

LEARNING LIFE LESSONS THROUGH INSPIRING HAITIAN PEOP. - 0 views

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shared by Haley Luurtsema on 08 Mar 11 - No Cached
  • The NFL Players Association, in conjunction with the three other major sports unions, the Jack Brewer Foundation and the Clinton Bush Haiti Fund, is an active participant in the "One Team 4 Haiti" campaign, which aids in the relief and recovery efforts.
  • A nation inflicted with dire poverty--where the average life expectancy is roughly 53 years old
  • As all things go, news reports became sporadic and images started to dwindle
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  • I know more than ever that our dear friends in Haiti need our help both now and in the future in every possible way.
  • There are kids who lost their parents living in slums, families living in tents and under tarps on top of crumbled buildings with no clean water to drink
  • World Vision, Good Samaritan and our partners at Voila that are doing great work
  • but the need was overwhelming.
  • Haley Luurtsema on 08 Mar 11
     
    Research Question: Still today, what are the social, economical, and political effects of the earthquake in Haiti? Citation Source: "LEARNING LIFE LESSONS THROUGH INSPIRING HAITIAN PEOP." States News Service 16 June 2010. Student Edition. Web. 8 Mar. 2011. Summary: This Article is about associations that helped Haiti after the earthquake. "The NFL Players association, along with 3 other sport unions, Jack  Brewer Foundation and the Clinton Bush Haiti Fund, is an active participant in the "One Team 4 Haiti" campaign." These organizations aids in the recovery efforts to help the people of Haiti. Haiti was and is a nation inflicted by poverty. The average life expectancy is around 53 years do to all of the lack of resources Haiti has for its people. Along with the "Long way to go for Haiti's reconstruction" article,  this article talks about the support starting to dwindle as a year passes. However, with the help from World Vision, Good Samaritan, partners at Voila, and many other supporters, Haiti is still given the aid it needs.   
Mackenzie Haveman

Student Edition  Document - 0 views

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Haiti earthquake effects

shared by Mackenzie Haveman on 13 Apr 11 - No Cached
  • Yet one year on, Nicholas Kristof of the New York Times writes that Haiti is struggling to emerge from the perilous position of post-quake shock. Kristof argues that improved economic prospects are necessary for breaking the cycle of "more needs, more crises, more tragedies, more victims.
  • "Let's send in doctors to save people from cholera. Let's send in aid workers to build sustainable sanitation and water systems to help people help themselves. Let's help educate Haitian children and improve the port so that it can become an exporter. But, above all, let's send in business investors to create jobs."
  • The Clinton Bush Haiti Fund understands the need for stable economic development and partnerships that develop Haiti's export potential.
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  • By supporting projects that help businesses grow, bring more Haitians into positions of steady income, and promote native exports, the Clinton Bush Haiti Fund partnerships seek to create growth that can see Haiti well into the future.
  • Mackenzie Haveman on 13 Apr 11
     
    "NY TIMES OP-ED: WHAT HAITI NEEDS MOST A YEAR ON ARE JOBS." States News Service 12 Jan. 2011. Student Edition. Web. 11 Apr. 2011 Summery: This article is about different ideas to work on to help Haiti gain more jobs. It talks about how Haiti is still suffering from post-quake shock, and they are struggling to emerge from this. A man named Nicholas Kristof implies that economic growth is very necessary, and they need to beak the cycle of "more needs, more crises, more tragedies, more victims." He says that things such as sending in doctors, aid workers, and people to educate children are all important, but what is even more important is sending in business investors. They would to this to help create jobs for the people of Haiti.  Reflection: I definitely agree with this article. Like Nicholas Kristof said, it is very important to be there for the Haitians when they need doctors and teachers and aid workers, but now it is time to make some progress and rebuild the country. They need to be better off than what they once were, and in order to do that, they need to help the people find jobs and teach them how to work these jobs.  Questions: 1. What type of jobs and businesses would be appropriate to start in Haiti? 2. How long could this development take? 3. Will this be something easy for the Haitians to accept and take on?
Katie Feikema

COSTA RICA GETS $56 MILLION FOR CONSERVATION. - 0 views

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Costa Rica Conservation

shared by Katie Feikema on 09 Mar 11 - No Cached
  • Katie Feikema on 09 Mar 11
     
    What are the effects of Costa Rica's ecological conservation, on the country? Summary: This article tells of the financial aid and support that Costa Rica is receiving from other countries and organizations, to aid their conservation efforts. It also tells that some countries, including the US, are buying back debts, so that Costa Rica can have more resources to increase their protected areas.  Reflection: I think it is very cool to see that other countries including the US is willing to chip in and help a country that is striving to protect it's environment and natural resources. It is amazing that so much of Costa Rica is protected and they are almost up to meeting the U.N.'s goal for protected areas. The economy is being helped by all the donations, because of all the protected areas they already have. There is still stuff to do though especially for their waters.  Questions: 1) When are they going to start concentrating on the water's protection? 2) How far will they go past the U.N.'s goals for protected areas? 3) Will other countries begin to follow Costa Rica's great example?
Laurel Ackerman

Israel Delays Approval Of East Jerusalem Housing : NPR - 0 views

www.npr.org/...story.php

Israel Palestine Peace talks East Jerusalem Housing

shared by Laurel Ackerman on 14 Apr 11 - No Cached
  • Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu asked a government panel to put off final approval of 2,500 new apartments in east Jerusalem, an official said Monday
  • Amid reports of an unofficial, foreign-mediated cease-fire, Palestinian militants appeared to be stilling their rocket and mortar fire Monday, and Israel was refraining from retaliating for previous attacks.
  • Israel's controversial foreign minister, Avigdor Lieberman, voiced concerns that any lull would merely allow Hamas to strengthen and regroup. He told Israel Radio that restraint was "a grave mistake" and that Israel's main objective should be "the toppling of the Hamas regime."
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  • no confirmation Monday that cease-fire conditions had been nailed down
  • The easing of tensions along the Gaza border came as the Palestinian Authority moved forward with plans to gain international recognition for an independent state. The Palestinians hope to take their case to the United Nations in September and sidestep talks with Israel
  • Negotiations with Netanyahu never got off the ground because he refuses to commit to an internationally mandated settlement freeze, and Palestinians say they won't negotiate without one.
  • The Palestinians plan to tell a conference of donor countries this week that they are ready for statehood.
  • Palestinian Prime Minister Salam Fayyad has been laying the groundwork with a series of developments and reforms.
  • Ali Jarbawi, the Palestinian minister of planning, said Monday that the Palestinian government has reduced its dependence on foreign aid by 35 percent in the past two years
  • One added that Netanyahu's office had asked the Interior Ministry to delay the discussion of the project, citing pressure from the Quartet of international peacemakers — the U.S., European Union, United Nations and Russia
  • Netanyahu on Monday accused the international community — "people with good intentions," he called them — of putting peace even further out of reach by telling the Palestinians they don't have to negotiate.
  • Laurel Ackerman on 14 Apr 11
     
    How does the conflict in Israel affect the futures of Palestinian children compared to Israeli children?   "Israel Delays Approval Of East Jerusalem Housing ." National Public Radio. NPR, 11 Apr. 2011. Web. 11 Apr. 2011. . Summary: Israel is building in East Jerusalem, a part of Jerusalem under Palestinian control. Along with that, Israel and Palestinians have been fighting; however, they are trying to get a cease-fire. Even with an unofficial cease-fire, Israel is delaying the East Jerusalem housing project because of pressure from the Quartet although Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is against the settlement freeze. But, Palestine will not negotiate an official cease-fire without one. 
lane rottschafer

Can Afghan Farmers Move Beyond Opium? - 0 views

www.time.com/...0,8599,1991283,00.html

opium crops profit

shared by lane rottschafer on 14 Apr 11 - Cached
  • Don Dwyer, a longtime expert in international agricultural development
  • The U.S. Department of Agriculture has also dispatched 60 advisers to boost the efforts of Afghanistan's Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation and Livestock
  • The first thing Rahimi did in his post was put together a viable new national agriculture plan focusing on four components: natural-resource management, production, postharvest handling and marketing
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  • What makes products like pomegranates, almonds and especially grapes so exciting, experts say, is that a plot of these legal gems can be five times more profitable than an equivalent-size plot of poppies.
  • The drawback, however, is start-up time.
  • Poppies, which are cultivated to produce opium, are an annually harvested crop. The establishment of a grape vineyard could take three to five years
  • the production cycle is only part of the problem
  • Saffron is also a high-value crop: one kilogram can fetch $2,000 to $3,000 in the local market
  • That compares to just over $90 a kilogram for poppies
  • The farmer's problem is processing, development, getting a brand and entering the international market ...
  • it's more practical to focus on enhancing the production of crops that farmers are already growing — like wheat and corn.
  • "Getting a farmer to try something new is very, very difficult. So we're trying to get them to take what they're doing now and just do it better,"
  • there has been significant progress. Over 1,000 new orchards have been planted, 30,000 tons of improved wheat seeds were distributed and ministry officials in provincial centers are working with foreign counterparts on development projects including aid programs to wean farmers off poppy
  • many complain that government involvement at the local level remains minimal to nonexistent.
  • "Agricultural production in Afghanistan needs long-term commitments and investments
  • lane rottschafer on 14 Apr 11
     
    http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1991283,00.html Can Afghan Farmers Move Beyond Opium? What are the effects of opium sales on Afghanistan? Summary: People are trying really hard to get them to grow other crops but its jut not working. They could make even more money than with the poppy if they just wait the period of time it takes to start a new crop Response: I think that this article shows that its pretty obvious things could change. It is hard to say to people, "stop what your doing and stop making money, but in the long hall you will make more money." I don't even know how many people here in america would take that chance. Questions: 1) what are the main foods that they could grow? 2) Why are those foods so fresh and tasty there? 3) They have the best ground for some of these crops, why aren't they using it? 4) What are all the crops that they could grow that would make them even more of a profit if they just wait? Citation: HAUSLOHNER, ABIGAIL. "Can Afghan Farmers Move Beyond Opium?." TIME. Ed. Kabul. N.p., 24 May 2010. Web. 13 Apr. 2011. .
Joy Merlino

Palestinians to hold elections by September - USATODAY.com - 0 views

www.usatoday.com/...12-palestinian-elections_N.htm

palestinians Elections Hamas

shared by Joy Merlino on 14 Apr 11 - No Cached
  • The Palestinian leadership in the West Bank on Saturday promised to hold long-overdue general elections by September, a surprise move spurred by political unrest rocking the Arab world and embarrassing TV leaks about peace talks with Israel.
  • The announcement appeared to be an act of desperation by an embattled government that has been weakened by the standstill in peace efforts with Israel, its rivalry with Hamas and the loss of its key Arab ally in Egypt. Mubarak had served as an important mediator between Israel and the Palestinians, and rallied Arab support for Abbas when needed.
  • Still, it c
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  • uld become difficult for Hamas to reject elections at a time of growing calls for democracy throughout the Middle East. Hamas itself has praised the downfall of Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak as a victory for the Egyptian people.
  • The call for elections came a day after Mubarak stepped down, forced out by mass protests against his ironfisted 30-year rule. The Egyptian uprising and another successful revolt in Tunisia a month earlier have inspired calls for democratic reform throughout the region.
  • Abbas aide Yasser Abed Rabbo said Saturday that preparations were underway for legislative and presidential elections later this year. "We call on parties to put aside all of their differences and to focus on conducting the elections by September at the latest,"
  • In principle, elections could help end the deep political split between West Bank-based President Mahmoud Abbas and the Islamic militant Hamas, which rules the Gaza Strip, the other territory the Palestinians want for their state.
  • The documents showed that in 2008 Abbas agreed to major concessions toward Israel by dropping claims to parts of east Jerusalem, the hoped-for Palestinian capital, and acknowledging that most Palestinian refugees would never return to the lost properties in what is now Israel.
  • With the call for elections, Abbas is trying to signal that he is attentive to his people's demands. By putting his job on the line, he can portray himself as a leader committed to democracy. It was not clear whether Abbas, who has said he would step down after his current term, would seek re-election. But the move is a gamble. With peace talks on hold, Abbas and his Fatah party will have no major accomplishment to present to voters.
  • And Hamas, which seized Gaza from Abbas' forces in 2007, said it would not participate in the elections. Fawzi Barhoum, a Hamas spokesman in Gaza, called the election "illegitimate."
  • September is shaping u
  • At that time, Prime Minister Salam Fayyad expects to complete a two-year process of building the state from the ground up. The Palestinians have also signaled they will ask the U.N. Security Council, whose decisions are legally binding, to formally recognize an independent Palestine at that time.
  • Israeli officials have dismissed the Palestinian tactics, saying unilateral recognitions will not change the situation on the ground and that there is no replacement for direct negotiations. However, Netanyahu's hardline government, already reluctant to making deep concessions to the Palestinians, appears unlikely to make any bold offers while the Egyptian situation remains fluid.
  • Joy Merlino on 14 Apr 11
     
    Research Question: How does the conflict in Israel affect the future of Israeli children compared to Palestinian children? Summary: This article states that the Palestinian leadership in the West Bank is planning on holding general elections by September. This has been brought about as a response to the TV leaks, and the unrest in the surrounding Arab countries. This is an attempt to end the conflict between the Hamas and the West Bank. However, this article does not think that the Hamas will respond favorably to this call for democracy. But with the unrest in the surrounding nations, they might be pushed into cooperation.  Reflection: If these elections do in fact take place, this would mean a dramatic change for the future generation of Palestinians and Israelis alike. If Palestine could become an independent state, this would mean that there would hopefully be an end to the conflict that is associated with the borders. However, this is not certain. The Palestinians best hope would be to get the recognition of the UN. Unfortunately, this could be a challenge due to the relations held between the US and Israel, and the veto power that the US holds. This would also have an effect on the future generation of Israeli citizens. As the conflict would almost certainly dissolve to an extent or reach a boiling point that would inevitably lead to military action. The occurrence of these elections -- or lack thereof -- has the potential to entirely reshape the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. 
megan lemmen

Blowback: the Mexican drug crisis - 2 views

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blowback Mexican drug crisis

shared by megan lemmen on 15 Feb 11 - No Cached
  • Calderon's continuing offensive has been underwritten by the United States in the form of the Merida Initiative, a security pact that funneled $830 million to Mexico in 2009 alone, making it the largest U.S. foreign aid program.
  • more than 26,000 people killed since 2007
  • U.S.-led attempts to contain drug trades in the 1980s and 1990s had two critical effects on Mexico, both unintended and unforeseen: first, to make drug commerce increasingly violent and menacing to U.S. interests, and second, to bring the center of dangerous trades closer and closer to its consumers and the prohibitionist apparatus within U.S. borders.
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  • As a result, 90% of the United States' cocaine supply now arrives across the long, intractable U.S.-Mexican border, handled by homegrown Mexican trafficker groups.
  • the main entry point for Colombian cocaine was Dade County, in south Florida, where some 80% of cocaine passed into the U.S. market.
  • By the mid-1980s, cocaine had some 22 million users in the United States.
  • SINCE THE EARLY 20TH CENTURY, borderland towns like Tijuana, Nogales, and Juarez saw smuggling activities--first, banned patent drugs (including cocaine concoctions) and prohibited alcohol before World War II, then homegrown opiates and marijuana from the 1940s to the 1960s
  • By the 1970s, in this murky prehistory of Mexican drug organizations, the city of Culiacan, Sinaloa, emerged as the storied capital of Mexican drug trades, steeped in a vibrant regional outlaw and smuggling culture.
  • According to State Department estimates, a third of cocaine for the U.S. market entered through Mexico in 1989; by 1992, that figure reached one half, and by the late 1990s, 75% to 85%. (6) In the mid-1990s, the income generated by drug exporting in Mexico, led by this cocaine surge, ranged from $10 billion (according to U.S. officials) to $30 billion (Mexican figures)--either way exceeding Mexico's revenues from its largest legal commodity export, oil ($7.4 billion).
  • According to a 1994 study by the National Autonomous University of Mexico, overall trafficker bribes rose from between $1.5 million and $3.2 million in 1983 to $460 million in 1993, larger than the Mexican attorney general's entire budget. (8) Thousands of federal agents became active in facilitating drug trades during this time.
  • The apogee of this state exposure, in 1997, was the highly embarrassing discovery that the military chief of Mexico's equivalent of the DEA, General Gutierrez Rebollo, was in cahoots with the Juarez cartel, an incident sampled in the Hollywood drama Traffic. The U.S. war on cocaine had come home to roost. (9)
  • megan lemmen on 15 Feb 11
     
    Research Question: How does the Mexican drug war affect the government and people of Mexico? Source: Gootenberg, Paul. "Blowback: the Mexican drug crisis." NACLA Report on the Americas 43.6 (2010): 7+. Academic OneFile. Web. 28 Jan. 2011. Summary: There is a lot of history behind the drug cartels in Mexico. It all started with the "blowback" which means that the longer war on drugs has "unintended consequences" like an "escalation of violence" (Gootenberg). Cocaine originally came to the US through Florida from the Columbians; however, after the government began stopping this trade, most of the cocaine came to the US through Mexico. The amount of drugs, specifically cocaine, that come through Mexico has increased drastically over the last 40 years. This industry takes in more money than Mexico's largest export, oil. In addition to the drug cartel increasing, government officials have also been pulled into this money making industry. In 1997, General Gutierrez Rebollo was found to be helping the Juarez cartel.
Haley Luurtsema

Roundup: Long way to go for Haiti's reconstruction. - 0 views

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shared by Haley Luurtsema on 08 Mar 11 - No Cached
  • killed at least 250,000 and left 1.5 million homeless, with the effects still painfully evident a year on.
  • Only 5 percent of the rubble has been removed in the year since, according to authorities
  • Haitians have learnt to live with the devastation and have used collapsed buildings to improvise small businesses and even homes. And with reconstruction dragging on, people began to repair their houses themselves.
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  • After the quake hit, the international society made many efforts to help Haiti rebuild.
  • The U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) said in a report published recently that, in one year, the organization had vaccinated two million Haitian children, helped more than 720,000 children return to school, and set up 369 children centers to provide daily activities for nearly 95,000 children.
  • The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) also said in a report that the organization had provided materials for building shelters for 172,000 Haitian families. A total of 160,000 families had received items for sanitation and daily life, and 216,000 people had received medical aid from the organization.
  • The Haitian government itself has launched a series of plans for reconstruction. Facilities for water, electricity and communication have been repaired, and more than 300,000 homeless have been settled.
  • for a country where more than half of the population lives on less than a dollar per day and access to education, health and sanitation services was severely insufficient even before the earthquake, reconstruction is not an easy task.
  • a lot has been accomplished, especially in the crucial first 72 hours after the quake, but there are still massive tasks ahead.
  • Haley Luurtsema on 08 Mar 11
     
    Research Question: Still today, what are the social, economical, and political effects of the earthquake in Haiti? Citation Source: "Roundup: Long way to go for Haiti's reconstruction." Xinhua News Agency 12 Jan. 2011. Student Edition. Web. 8 Mar. 2011. Summary: This Article is about Haiti's struggle to reconstruct. It tells us that the earthquake has killed at least 250,000 and left 1.5 million homeless. Only 5% of the rubble has been removed in a year since the tragedy. However, Haitians have learned to live with  the destruction and used the collapsed buildings to even become their homes. Because the reconstruction is taking so long, many families have begun to reconstruct themselves. Nevertheless, many organizations around the world have been helping Haiti. The (UNICEF) U.N Children's Fund has vaccinated 2 million children, helped more than 720,000 children go to school, set up 369 centers for activities for nearly 95,000 children. The Haitian government has launched reconstruction for water facilities, electricity, common repair, and homed more then 300,000. More than half of the population lives on less than a dollar a day and access to education and heath sanitation. Above all, reconstruction is not an easy task as shown. 
Cindy Son

Hezbollah warns Israel against fresh violence - World - IOL | Breaking News | South Afr... - 0 views

www.iol.co.za/...gainst-fresh-violence-1.366312

Hezbollah Israel War

shared by Cindy Son on 13 Apr 11 - No Cached
  • Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah on Tuesday warned Israel against launching new attacks against his militant group in a speech marking the anniversary of the end of the war with the Jewish state.
  • Nasrallah said Hezbollah had provided $380-million in emergency aid to assist 28 300 families affected by the war, most of them in southern Lebanon.
  • He did not say where the money came from, but Hezbollah is widely believed to be bankrolled by Iran.
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  • The last time the charismatic leader, considered Israel's enemy number one, appeared in public was on September 22, 2006, when he made a speech in the same neighbourhood to proclaim victory following the devastating 34-day war.
  • "We are here because Hezbollah is the only one that managed to defeat Israel, despite the high price we paid," said Hassan Korkomaz, who gathered with his family on Tuesday to listen to Nasrallah's speech.
  • Israel's war with Hezbollah resulted in the deaths of more than 1 200 Lebanese civilians, a third of them children, as well as 160 Israelis, mostly soldiers.
  • Cindy Son on 13 Apr 11
     
    What are the effects of Hezbollah on Israel? "Hezbollah warns Israel against fresh violence ." IOL News. N.p., 15 Aug. 2007. Web. 13 Apr. 2011. . Summary : Hezbollah chief Hassan Nasrallah warned Israel not to attack against Hezbollah anymore. According to the article, "Israel's war with Hezbollah resulted in the deaths of more than 1,200 Lebanese civilans, a third of the children, as weel as 160 Israelis, mostly soldiers." Therefore, Hezbollah leader, with the help of Iran, supported 28,300 Lebanese families who were affected by the war. Because Hezbollah started to support those people who were affected by the war, Lebanese began to feel supportive and think that Hezbollah is the only one that can manage to defeat Israel; they believe in Hezbollah's ability to deal with Israel. Nasrallah's speech is significant because it was the first time he appeared in public after the 2006 war. Reflection : Through this article, I could find out that Hezbollah tired their best to get support from the people in their country. And I was surprised that they actually obtained people's positive opinions around 2007 by warning Israel not to bomb or attack against their country again. It was smart a decision of Hezbollah that they drew people's attention positively to deal with the issues between Israel and themselves.  Question : 1) How people's opinions about Hezbollah changed after 2007?  2) Did Nasrallah's speech made any difference between Lebanon and Israel?  3) Are there any other ways to manage to defeat Israel beside Hezbollah?
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