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Eugenio Ferrara

The Mariners' Museum | EXPLORATION through the AGES - 0 views

  • d. He had brothers, Thorvald and Thorstein, and a half-sister, Freydis. In the year 999 BCE, Ericsson sailed to Norway to visit King Olaf Trygvson. On his way the ship was blown off course and he landed on one of the Hebrides islands. Continuing poor weather made it impossible for him to leave so he spent the summer on the island.
  • . She gave birth to his son and as his departure date drew near, she asked that he take her with him. He refused, citing her family connections. Thorgunna had a reputation for being able to predict the future, and vowed that even though Leif was leaving them, one day she and their son would journey to find him and the experience would not be a good one.
  • , while other sources claim that when the boy was old enough to travel, he found Leif.
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  • What is known for certain is that Leif and the boy eventually found each other and the young man was recognized as his son.
  • Nevertheless, Leif left the island and got to Norway by the fall. King Olaf welcomed him to his court and asked if Leif had plans for a voyage to Greenland. The king had recently been converted to Christianity and wanted Leif to proclaim Christianity to the Norse settlers living in Greenland, including his parents. He returned to Greenland, and as the king wished, spread the message of Christianity. Leif’s mother, Thjodhild, quickly adopted the new religion, but his father, Eric, was reluctant to give up his pagan beliefs. Only when Thjodhild refused to live with
  • him as man and wife, did Eric the Red finally convert to Christianity.
  • Leif Eiriksson’s exploration and discovery of America was inspired by the accidental voyage of Bjarni Herjulfson.
  • As a skilled sailor and trader, Herjulfson had devoted himself to going on trading voyages from Iceland every other year
  • In 1002 BCE, Leif Eiriksson decided to explore the unknown lands discovered by Herjulfson while on the quest for his father.
  • Leif bought a ship from Bjarni and gathered a crew of thirty-five men.
  • Eric, his father, was approached about being the expedition leader. A fall from a horse prior to embarking convinced Eric that he would be unlucky on the voyage and that he was too old to set off on another adventure. Leif himself took command and the ship and crew departed.
  • The first country Leif encountered was the last one Herjulfson had seen. It was barren, with glacier-topped mountains and vast stretches of rock-covered ground
  • Initiating the practice of naming the lands he found after their geological and physical traits, he called this area Helluland, or “land of flat rocks.” (Labrador)
  • The second country Leif sailed to was level and wooded, with deep white beaches and a sloping shoreline. He called this place Markland (Newfoundland) or “forest land.” Leaving there, he sailed northeast. He found an island north of the mainland. He and his crew sailed the channel between the island and mainland and steered west. When they found land they went ashore, discovering a small river that flowed to the sea. They returned, took the ship up the river to a lake where they decided to build houses, and stayed through the winter.
  • The area had salmon in the river and lake; the winter was mild and almost frost-free, and the grass did not wither during the cold season.
  • The hours of daylight and nighttime were more equally divided than in either Iceland or Greenland
  • Leif divided his crew in half, determined to explore the area. Half would stay in camp while the other half went as a group to investigate the surroundings. The exploration crew was to go no further than the distance they could travel in order to return to camp by nightfall.
  • to explore the area. Half would stay in camp while the other half went as a group to investigate the surroundings. The exploration crew was to go no further than the distance they could travel in order to return to camp by nightfall.
marino5856

The First Voyage of Christopher Columbus (1492-1493) - 0 views

  • On December 25, the Santa María ran aground and had to be abandoned. Columbus himself took over as captain of the Niña, as the Pinta had become separated from the other two ships. Negotiating with the local chieftain Guacanagari, Columbus arranged to leave 39 of his men behind in a small settlement, named La Navidad.
  • Leaving Cuba, Columbus made landfall on the Island of Hispaniola on December 5. The natives called it Haití, but Columbus renamed it La Española, a name which was later changed to Hispaniola when Latin texts were written about the discovery.
  • Second landfall: Cuba:
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  • First landfall: San Salvador:
  • The First Voyage of Christopher Columbus:
  • The land turned out to be a small island in the present-day Bahamas.
  • Columbus named the island San Salvador, although he remarked in his journal that the natives referred to it as Guanahani. There is some debate over which island was Columbus’ first stop; most experts believe it to be San Salvador, Samana Cay, Plana Cays or Grand Turk Island.
  • Pinta, first sighted land. Columbus himself later claimed that he had seen a sort of light or aura before Triana did, allowing him to keep the reward he had promised to give whomever spotted land first.
  • On October 12, Rodrigo de Triana, a sailor aboard the
marino5856

Why aren't lakes salty like the ocean? - 0 views

  • The ocean is salty for several reasons, one of which is the groundwater from rain which trickles down into the ocean and picks up salt from the earth along its way! But this same water trickles down into lakes… so why aren't lakes salty?
  • The reason lake water usually isn't salty (or at least it's less salty than ocean water) is because the salty groundwater not only runs into the lakes, but also back out of it! Unlike the huge, vast ocean which already covers most of the Earth and therefore can't open up to any larger body of water, most lakes have outlets from which water leaves. This means that the salty groundwater has a chance to filter out and escape! (In the ocean, it has nowhere e
  • lse to go!)
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    • marino5856
       
      one of the reasons why lakes are not salty is because the salty groundwater it not usually runs in rivers and lake, if not also comes back out of it. But the  Vast ocean already cover most of the earth materials. Most lakes have outlet which water leaves. The salty water can get out of the oceans 
Regina Cantu

Why do we get sick? - HowStuffWorks - 2 views

  • As an example, think of a person who has a cold. That person may cough into his or her hand and then touch a doorknob, thus placing the cold virus on that doorknob. The virus may die on the doorknob, but it's also possible that the next person to touch the doorknob will pick it up. If that person then touches food with the unwashed hand and consumes the food, the virus is now inside the body.
  • The earliest physicians thought that illness and disease were a sign of God's anger or the work of evil spirits. Hippocrates and Galen advanced the concept of humorism, a theory which held that we get sick from imbalances of the four basic substances within the human body, which they identified as blood, phlegm, black bile and yellow bile. Paracelsus, a Renaissance-era physician, was one of the first to posit that sickness comes from outside sources, rather than from within.Today, we know that there are two major kinds of diseases: infectious and non-infectious.
    • Regina Cantu
       
      For example, if a person has gotten a cold and sneezes into their hand, then suddenly they touch the light switch, They leave the cold there, it may also be that the cold virus dies there, but it may also be that the next person who touches the light switch gets it in their hands. If they go to eat, and they don't wash their hands and they touch what they are going to eat they get it in their mouth and now they have the cold.
marchand5892

Blood Flow - HowStuffWorks - 0 views

  • All blood enters the right side of the heart through two veins: The superior vena cava (SVC) and the inferior vena cava (IVC) (see figure 3).The SVC collects blood from the upper half of the body. The IVC collects blood from the lower half of the body. Blood leaves the SVC and the IVC and enters the right atrium (RA) (3).When the RA contracts, the blood goes through the tricuspid valve (4) and into the right ventricle (RV) (5). When the RV contracts, blood is pumped through the pulmonary valve (6), into the pulmonary artery (PA) (7) and into the lungs where it picks up oxygen.
morales5853

Why do animals live in certain places? - 0 views

  • Animals live only where they can survive. Koalas, for example, eat only the leaves of certain eucalyptus trees, so they must live in Australia, where these trees grow.
    • morales5853
       
      A animal may only live were he is used to and where he knows how to survive its like if a polar bear suddenly appeared in the desert, he wouldn't survive because he is not used to the environment and doesn't know what to eat.
    • morales5853
       
      Animals only live were they are really adapted to because there is were they already know how to live and they know which animals to get away from and what to eat.
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guzman5862

Face Bullying With Confidence: 8 Skills Kids Can Use Right Away | Kidpower Teenpower Fu... - 0 views

  • adults in charge stay aware, set a good example, intervene to stop unsafe behavior, and teach personal safety skills to the young people in their lives. Make your expectations clear by saying, “You have the right to
  • be safe and respected – and the responsibility to act safety and respectfully towards others. If you have a problem, I want to know!”
  • Coach your child to turn, stand up tall, put his or her hands up in front of the body like a fence, elbows bent to be close to the body, palms out and open, and say loudly, “Stop!” Pull back and coach your child to walk away.
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  • . Point your finger at the child and yell, “BLAH! BLAH! BLAH!” Coach the child to set boundaries using a calm but clear voice, and polite firm words- not whiney and not aggressive. For example, “STOP! Please get out of my way. I just want to leave. Get out of my way. I just want to go.” Step aside and coach your child to walk away.
  • Yelling and speaking up loudly calls attention to a bullying problem
  • “STOP! GET OUT OF MY WAY! HELP! GET THE TEACHER! ________(name) IS BULLYING ME!”
  • Learning physical self defense helps most children become more confident, even if they never have to use these skills in a real-life situation. Just being more confident helps children to avoid being chosen as a victim most of the time. There are different self defense techniques for bullying than for more dangerous situations — let your child practice a self defense move like kicking someone in the shins, pinching someone’s leg or upper arm, or hitting someone in the chest. You can practice in the air or by holding a sofa cushion
lopez5891

Facts About Bullying | StopBullying.gov - 0 views

  • TeasingTalking about hurting someoneSpreading rumorsLeaving kids out on purposeAttacking someone by hitting them or yelling at them
  • Bullying does not always happen in person. Cyberbullying is a type of bullying that happens online or through text messages or emails. It includes posting rumors on sites like Facebook, sharing embarrassing pictures or videos, and making fake profiles or websites.
  • Kids who are bullied have a hard time standing up for themselves. They think the kid who bullies them is more powerful than they are.
marino5856

Dealing with Bullying: Helping Bullied Kids & Teens - 0 views

  • Dealing with Bullying
  • Unless you’ve directly experienced bullying, you may not realize just how devastating it can be, especially to a child or teenager. As well as being deeply hurtful, bullying can leave anyone feeling frightened, angry, depressed, and totally undermined. But bullying should never be tolerated. Whether you’re the one being bullied, or you’re a teacher or parent who thinks their child is being bullied or engaged in bullying behavior, there are steps you can take to deal with the problem.
  • hysical bullying: Hitting, kicking, or pushing someone...or even just threatening to do it Stealing, hiding, or ruining someone's things Hazing, harassment, humiliation. Making someone do things he or she doesn't want to do.
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  • Verbal bullying: Name-calling Teasing, taunting Insulting or otherwise verbally abusing someone
  • Relationship bullying: Refusing to talk to someone Excluding someone from groups or activities Spreading lies or rumors about someone Hazing, harassment, humiliation. Making someone do things he or she doesn't want to do
marino5856

Why Do We Change the Clocks Twice a Year? | Wonderopolis - 0 views

  • it’s Daylight Saving Time! Daylight Saving Time (or “Summer Time,” as it’s known in many parts of the world) was created to make better use of the long sunlight hours of the summer. By “springing” clocks forward an hour in March, we move an hour of daylight from the morning to the evening. On the first Sunday in November, we “fall back” and rewind our clocks to return to Standard Time.
    • marino5856
       
      the hour changes to save daylight and light because like we have the sun light we don't need to waste la light. It changes in summer to have more light when it is getting night and in october again so that it is more dark because in winter we don't need so much the light.
Regina Cantu

Why are Oceans Salty? - EnchantedLearning.com - 0 views

  • As water flows in rivers, it picks up small amounts of mineral salts from the rocks and soil of the river beds.
  • but the salt remains dissolved in the ocean - it does not evaporate. So the remaining water gets saltier and saltier as time passes.
  • This very-slightly salty water flows into the oceans and seas. The water in the oceans only leaves by evaporating (and the freezing of polar ice),
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