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Home/ 10th Grade Research Project 2010/ Contents contributed and discussions participated by Mihikaa Naik

Contents contributed and discussions participated by Mihikaa Naik

Mihikaa Naik

Mozart's Legacy: Early music lessons may help children later in life - 0 views

  • music instruction stimulates general intelligence.
  • Kindermusik is an early childhood program that introduces children as young as 1 to music, with the intent of stimulating a variety of abilities.
  • music and math relationship
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  • interact with other kids, and learn to appreciate music, hopefully stimulate the brain…
  • coordination and movement, with social skills, and it's some one-on-one time with your child
  • strong foundation for language development.
  • music instruction has much longer-term benefits than listening to music
  • can learn a lot about how music works just by hearing it
  • you're an adult, don't count on a piece of music to work magic on your brain.
  • teachers who play Mozart to their students in the hopes their test scores will improve. "And for a lot of students it's not going to work simply because Mozart is weird to them. They're not used to it. They don't like it, and so nobody performs well under stress."
Mihikaa Naik

Spatial intelligence and the 'Mozart effect': Does listening to Mozart make you smarter? - 0 views

  • widely believed to be an established fact
  • ntelligent – it is intricate, skillful, precise and sophisticated
  • rain activity becoming
  • ...21 more annotations...
  • coordinated or synchronized
  • Francis Rauscher and her colleagues published a stud
  • Nature in 1993
  • Mozart effect’ (as the Press called it
  • quickly captivated the public imagination
  • many examples of single scientific studies that initially catch he public imagination and get a lot of press coverage, but are subsequently proved to be invalid or relatively insignificant.
  • effect of Mozart on cognitive performance has been found
  • specific type of spatial task
  • no way can be considered to be a test of general intelligence
  • visualise folding and cutting a piece of paper
  • . Listening to Mozart has been shown to have no effect on working memory performance
  • therefore misleading to understand the Mozart effect
  • The effect is likely to be due to arousal or mood, not changes in cognition
  • Differences
  • in mood have been shown to have an effect on performance
  • positive mood
  • esearch provide no evidence that the improvement differ
  • other engaging stimuli that are equally pleasing to participants
  • authors’ views on their own study
  • over-reaction in the popular press
  • jumping to conclusions
Mihikaa Naik

"The Mozart Effect": A Small Part of the Big Picture - 0 views

  • the Mozart Effect actually does not increase general intelligence and lasts only a few minutes, it does not provide a substitute for music study and practice.
  • Studies have shown that music education and music-making have positive effects on many mental and behavioral factors that are themselves not part of music.
  • mass media have played a major role in starting and maintaining public excitement about the Mozart Effect.
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  • This story began in 1993 when Frances Rauscher, Gordon Shaw and Katherine Ky published a brief paper in the prestigious journal Nature
  • . The report by Rauscher, Shaw and Ky suggested that listening to music actually caused the brain to perform better in spatial reasoning, at least for a few minutes.
  • Mozart Effect was born as the idea that listening to Mozart increases intelligence
  • In short, they argue that the Mozart Effect is caused by a more pleasant mood.
  • Mozart Effect described here applies to children
  • long term involvement in music lessons
  • the question is whether or not brief exposure to certain music can produce long term improvements in intelligence, either limited to spatial/temporal abilities or to more general intelligence, then the answer is no.
  • Understanding and appreciating musical forms, genres, meanings and performances in historical, social and cultural context
  • Educated Listening in music classes for one or more school years
  • Reading musical notation, integrating sight, sound, touch and movements to perform and express self musically, solo, in cooperative group or both
  • Instrumental or vocal lessons and regular practice for several years
  • Mozart Effect requires only 10 minutes of exposure (not necessarily even attentive listening) to music.
Mihikaa Naik

The "Mozart Effect"- Real or just a hoax? - 0 views

  • 1998, Zell Miller, the governor of the state of Georgia, started a new program that distributed free CDs with classical music to the parents of every newborn baby in Georgia.
  • idea came from a new line of research showing a link between listening to classical music and enhanced brain development in infants.
  • mother was convinced that musical ability will not only help us to be more well rounded people, but also that it will help us to be smarter individuals.
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  • music
  • College students were required to listen to ten minutes of Mozart's sonata for two pianos in D major, a relaxation tape, or silence.
  • original experiment was published in 1993
  • Mozart to test for improvements in memory and this idea thus became known as the "Mozart Effect".
  • scientists at the University of California at Irvine.
  • read and write music, keep tempo, memorize pieces
  • results lasted only 10-15 minutes
  • should be a measurable correlation between musically trained minds and their intelligence
  • brain = behavior,
  • brain areas such as the primary motor cortex and the cerebellum,
  • involved in movement and coordination
  • larger in adult musicians than in non-musicians
  • auditory cortex
  • responsible for bringing music and speech into conscious experience, was also larger
  • Few other studies suggest that "music alone does have a modest brain effect
  • rats were able to complete a maze more rapidly
  • The results showed that the students' scores improved after listening to the Mozart selection.
  • brain changes associated with musicians enhance mental functions
  • music lesson
  • after 8 months
  • recognize shapes (
  • improvements in the spatial-temporal test
  • ability to put puzzles together
  • one day after
  • still showed this improvement
  • able to score higher
  • better understand concepts
  • listening to Mozart before this test had no effect on the students
  • chance of musical training becoming a possible treatment of brain damage.
  • depression, autism, and aphasia
  • Melodic Intonation Therapy (MIT
  • recovered speech capabilities, which were thought to be lost.
  • Auditory Integration Training, is showing great potential for benefiting the growth and development of various special children.
  • do not believe that there is conclusive evidence to believe in the Mozart effect.
  • there is some evidence that the brain is affected indeed somehow by music and that music lessons can not hurt the growing stages of a child.
Mihikaa Naik

CNN - Georgia program bringing classics to newborns - June 24, 1998 - 0 views

  • The governor's initiative comes on the heels of new research showing a link between listening to classical music and enhanced brain development in infants.
  • "We know that it improves the quality of life. We know that it improves the quality of life from an aesthetic standpoint. And we're at the place we can say it helps intelligence, we know it helps health, and it can help us orchestrate a better mind and body," he said.
Mihikaa Naik

The Mozart Effect: A Closer Look - 0 views

  • most mysterious and complex object known to man: the brain
  • Neuroscientists were interested in how the brain develops and functions.
  • Mozart's music increases I.Q.
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  • music does have a impact on cognitive ability.
  • If brain activity can sound like music, might it be possible to begin to understand the neural activity by working in reverse and observing how the brain responds to music?
  • Mozart selection showed an increase in spatial IQ test scores. A further test showed that listening to other types of music (non-specified "dance" musis) did not have the same effect.
  • listener's preference--to either music or the narration of a story, and not particularly listening to Mozart, made for improved test performance.
  • "There's nothing wrong with having young people listen to classical music, but it's not going to make them smarter."
  • the experiments that compared listening to Mozart to silence, and which had not included listening to other compositions.
  • Music is aural stimulation. The "successful" Mozart effect studies at best indicated that one area of cognitive processing increased only for a very short time, after listening to music for a short period of time.
Mihikaa Naik

Music and Memory and Intellegence - 0 views

  • these researchers believed that memory was improved because music and spatial abilities shared the same pathways in the brain.
  • laboratories have tried to use the music of Mozart to improve memory, but have failed.
  • original work on the Mozart Effect was flawed because: only a few students were tested it was possible that listening to Mozart really did not improve memory. Rather, it was possible that the relaxation test and silence IMPAIRED memory
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  • another attempt to demonstrate the Mozart Effect
  • unable to show that listening to the music of Mozart had any effect on spatial-reasoning performance. They conclude by stating: "...there is little evidence to support basing intellectual intervention on the existence of the Mozart effect."
  • monkeys listened to Mozart piano music for 15 minutes before they had to do a memory test. The researchers found that listening to Mozart music did NOT improve the monkeys' performance compared to when the monkeys listened to rhythms or white noise. They also found that listening to Mozart during the test impaired memory and while white noise during the test improved memory slightly.
  • governor of the state of Georgia (Zell Miller)
  • There have been no studies that have looked at the effects of music on the intelligence of babies.
  • , there is no evidence that music enhances memory permanently.
Mihikaa Naik

The Mozart Effect: Fact or Fiction? - 0 views

  • music can positively affect human beings, yet they believe that these positive effects are not limited simply to the music of Mozart or other classical composers
  • music stimulates certain areas of the brain that are crucial to its performance in intuitive and logical matters
  • babies
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  • music has helped their brains to develop at a faster rate
  • autism, attention deficit disorder and epilepsy showed that while they are exposed to music
  • ocial skills and concentration improved dramatically i
  • our own voices can help ease pain and heal our bodies. T
  • music can lower or increase a person's heart rate and blood pressure, depending on the type of music.
  • The auditory nerve in the inner ear can strongly affect many muscles in the body.
  • some others have had no significant response at all, or even worse, negative responses.
  • exposure to such music actually decreased their subjects' capacity to concentrate.
  • may not be so for everyone
Mihikaa Naik

Frequently Asked Questions - 0 views

  • Mozart Effect® is an inclusive term signifying the transformational powers of music in health, education, and well-being.
  • Research with Mozart's music began in France in the late 1950s when Dr. Alfred Tomatis began his experiments in auditory stimulation for children with speech and communication disorders.
  • 1990, there were hundreds of centers throughout the world using Mozart's music containing high frequencies, especially the violin concertos and symphonies, to help children with dyslexia, speech disorders, and autism.
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  • Mozart's music is the most popular and researched music for helping modify attentiveness and alertness.
  • The time of day, the sounds in the environment such as air conditioners, and outside sounds all modify the way we can concentrate
  • ). Dr. Georgi Lozanov suggests slow Baroque music for optimal learning
  • When rhythm, melody, and harmony are organized into beautiful forms, the mind, body, spirit, and emotions are brought toward harmony.
  • Music reaches multiple areas of the brain, more than just language and therefore can be quite effective in a clinical environment
  • Studies show that playing music early in life helps build the neural pathways that allow language, memory, and spatial development to take place.
Mihikaa Naik

New evidence for the Mozart Effect? - 0 views

  • enriched sound environment -exposing rats to piano music- helps the recovery from neural damage
  • Compared to rats that also had brain damage, but that did not listen to music, they performed significantly better in a spatial memory task (finding their way in a maze) and in their emotional reactivity (using a marble burying task).
  • music has a larger role in shaping the brain than previously thought.
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