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Shree B

Harappan Civilization: ca. 3000-1500 BC - 1 views

www.thenagain.info/...Harappa.html

Shree Harappan Civilization Downfall

shared by Shree B on 29 Sep 09 - Cached
  • The similarities in plan and construction between Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa indicate that they were part of a unified government with extreme organization. Both cities were constructed of the same type and shape of bricks. The two cities may have existed simultaneously and their sizes suggest that they served as capitals of their provinces.
    • Shree B
      Shree B on 29 Sep 09
       
      Mohenjodaro and Harappa were a part of the same society, with the same basic structure
  • The Harappan civilization experienced its height around 2500 BC and began to decline about 2000 BC. The causes of its downfall are not certain. One theory suggests that the Aryan people migrated into this area. Aryan religious texts and human remains in Mohenjo-Daro suggest that the Aryans may have violently entered the area, killing its inhabitants and burning the cities.
    • Shree B
      Shree B on 29 Sep 09
       
      But didn't Armesto say that the people died because of a slow decline in population, gradual impoverishment of material culture, and a relentless increase in disease? Where are they getting the story abput the Aryan's invading?
  • The inhabitants of the Indus valley dispersed before the Aryans slowly entered the area as a nomadic people.
    • Shree B
      Shree B on 29 Sep 09
       
      That makes sense. The people left because the landscape was no longer inducive to agriculture. But then why would the nomads come to this region? They were probably following the animals, but why would the animals come to this infertile region?
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • Topsoil erosion, depletion of nutrients from the soil, or a change in the course of the Indus River may have forced these people to leave their towns and move northeastward in search of more fertile land.
    • Shree B
      Shree B on 29 Sep 09
       
      Got it! :)
  • One of the most fascinating yet mysterious cultures of the ancient world is the Harappan civilization.
  • Only part of this language has been deciphered today, leaving numerous questions about this civilization unanswered.
  • Shree B on 29 Sep 09
     
    SHREE
francesca roberts

The Shang and Zhou Dynasties - 0 views

www.fsmitha.com/ch06.htm

shared by francesca roberts on 29 Sep 09 - Cached
  • A Shang emperor was chief priest, and he had an administrative bureaucracy, with councilors, lesser priests and diviners.
    • francesca roberts
      francesca roberts on 29 Sep 09
       
      A Shang emperor was chief priest, and he had an administrative bureaucracy with councilors, lesser priests, and diviners.
  • warrin
  • And women in Shang civilization were subservient to men, with aristocratic women
  • ...7 more annotations...
  • And women in Shang civilization were subservient to men
    • francesca roberts
      francesca roberts on 29 Sep 09
       
      Women subservient to men.
  • They saw nature as numerous gods using magic, gods called kuei-shen, a word for ghost or spirit. They had a god they thought produced rain
  • The people of Shang civilization believed in an invisible heaven
  • Zhou emperors told those they had conquered that they, the Zhou, had ousted the ancestors of Shang emperors from heaven and that heaven was occupied by their supreme god, a god they called "The Lord on High," who, they said, had commanded the downfall of the Shang emperors. Like emperors in West Asia, Zhou emperors claimed that they ruled by divine right
  • gods could exercise either benevolent or malevolent magic
  • emperors the local rulers received gifts such as chariots, bronze w
  • a married aristocrat became infatuated with another woman, rather than drive his wife from his home he could bring the other woman into the family as a concubine, where she would rank beneath his wife
Amy Barrett

Aristotle: political philosophy - Google Books - 0 views

www.google.com/books

shared by Amy Barrett on 22 Oct 09 - Cached
    • Amy Barrett
      Amy Barrett on 22 Oct 09
       
      "... a regime dominated by the middle class is best." Macedonia increased its power in the fourth century, which therefore could have influence on Aristotle's writings. He mentions Philip, Alexander the Great's son, who used this idea.
    • Amy Barrett
      Amy Barrett on 22 Oct 09
       
      "Different political systems are suitable for different cities... and absorption of all Greeks into a single empire would not allow such diversity. ...a city should be... small enough to allow citizens to know each other." Aristotle supports the idea of individuality of cities so that each can keep its identity. An empire's political system also does not suit all the cities it rules according to him.
    • Amy Barrett
      Amy Barrett on 22 Oct 09
       
      "...Our political theory shows what the weaknesses of the Spartan constitution are, these weaknesses threated its viability..." Aristotle used major events such as the fall of Sparta in history as part of his political theories. Aristotle had already formed his theory when he used this example to demonstrate that the powerful city's idealogy of a stong military caused its downfall.
  • ...2 more annotations...
    • Amy Barrett
      Amy Barrett on 22 Oct 09
       
      "...he is the first to think of these two fields [ethics and politics] as distinct subjects of investigation. Plato does not conceive of ethics as a separate branch of philosophy, and does not distinguish ethics from politics." Aristotle is different from his teacher and philosophers of his time in defining ethics and politics.
    • Amy Barrett
      Amy Barrett on 22 Oct 09
       
      "...politics... refers to the study of constitutions and cities... Ethica means having to do with character." Aristotle usually used these definitions for his terms.
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