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PowerShell Integrated Scripting Environment PowerShell scripts are standard text files. With Windows Vista and earlier versions of Windows, the built-in editor was Notepad. While Notepad is perfect for quickly editing text files, and it is sufficient for writing scripts, a more robust editor would enable IT professionals to learn, create, and debug scripts more efficiently. Windows 7 includes the PowerShell Integrated Scripting Environment (ISE), a graphical PowerShell development environment with debugging capabilities and an interactive console, as shown in Figure 1.

PowerShell Cmdlets Cmdlets (pronounced command-lets) are one of the most powerful features of PowerShell. A cmdlet is a task-oriented command that is used in the Windows PowerShell environment. For example, PowerShell includes cmdlets that: Append text to a file Read and write XML files Manage services Manage files and folders PowerShell 2.0 supports over 500 new cmdlets to manage client computers and servers, edit the registry and file system, perform WMI calls, and connect the powerful .NET Framework development environment. You can also extend PowerShell by creating custom cmdlets or use community-developed extensions.

convert [<Volume>] /fs:ntfs [/v] [/cvtarea:<FileName>] [/nosecurity] [/x]

You must create the placeholder file by using the fsutil file createnew command prior to running convert. Convert does not create this file for you. Convert overwrites this file with NTFS metadata. After conversion, any unused space in this file is freed.

Use the /a switch for encrypting individual files rather than directories.

Using the /i switch

syntax cipher /e /s: <directory name>