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Contents contributed and discussions participated by Vernon Fowler

Vernon Fowler

Which responsive images solution should you use? | CSS-Tricks - 1 views

  • The only technique I know of that works with absolutely no markup changes is Adaptive Images. It works by routing requests for images through a PHP file which intelligently serves (and creates if need be) images of the appropriate size for the screen width.
Vernon Fowler

Details | Adaptive Images - 1 views

  • Here you can find out how Adaptive Images works, how to install it, how to customise it for your needs, and learn about the limitations of the approach.
  • Installation One important thing: do not over-write any existing .htaccess file. If you have one already, back it up. Feeling up to it? Excellent
  • If you already have an .htaccess file, open it in a text editor and add the code from the supplied file into your existing one. To support Retina displays use the alternate JS.
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  • configuration section at the top of the PHP file
  • This is a PHP solution.
  • Adaptive Images will not work if you’re using a CDN to deliver your website.
  • there is no way to guarantee that a cookie will be set before images are requested
Vernon Fowler

@font-face gotchas « Paul Irish - 1 views

  • There are a few reasons why smiley is a better solution: Webkit+Font Management software can mess up local references, like turning glyphs into A blocks.  (crbug.com/33173) On OS X, Font Management software may alter system settings to show a dialog when trying to access a local() font that's accessible outside of Library/Fonts. More detail on my bulletproof post. (crbug.com/29729) Font Explorer X is also known to mess up other stuff in Firefox: bugzil.la/531771 Although it's unlikely, you could reference a local() font which is completely different than what you think it is. (Typophile post on different fonts, same name) At the very least its a risk, and you're ceding control of the type to both the browser and host machine. This risk may not be worth the benefit of avoiding the font download. These are all pretty edge case issues, but it's worth considering. FontSquirrel has already made the smiley syntax the new default in the Generator, and you should use it going forward as well.
  • And.. regarding @font-face syntax I now recommend the bulletproof smiley variation over the original bulletproof syntax.
  • @font-face { font-family: 'Graublau Web'; src: url('GraublauWeb.eot'); src: local('?'), url('GraublauWeb.woff') format('woff'), url('GraublauWeb.ttf') format('truetype'); }
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  • in Webkit (Chrome/Safari), applying font-weight:bold to faux-bold some @font-face'd text will not succeed. Same applies for font-style:italic.
  • text-transform doesn't play well with @font-face in current implementations.
  • @font-face doesnt play nice with css transitions.
  • If a @font-face declaration is within a media query @media screen { ..., it will fail in Firefox.
  • SVG Fonts - Currently SVG is the only way to get webfonts working on iPhone and iPad.
  •  
    "There are a few reasons why smiley is a better solution: Webkit+Font Management software can mess up local references, like turning glyphs into A blocks.  (crbug.com/33173) On OS X, Font Management software may alter system settings to show a dialog when trying to access a local() font that's accessible outside of Library/Fonts. More detail on my bulletproof post. (crbug.com/29729) Font Explorer X is also known to mess up other stuff in Firefox: bugzil.la/531771 Although it's unlikely, you could reference a local() font which is completely different than what you think it is. (Typophile post on different fonts, same name) At the very least its a risk, and you're ceding control of the type to both the browser and host machine. This risk may not be worth the benefit of avoiding the font download. These are all pretty edge case issues, but it's worth considering. FontSquirrel has already made the smiley syntax the new default in the Generator, and you should use it going forward as well. "
Vernon Fowler

Font sizing with rem - Snook.ca - 0 views

  • The problem with em-based font sizing is that the font size compounds. A list within a list isn't 14px, it's 20px. Go another level deeper and it's 27px!
  • The rem unit is relative to the root—or the html—element. That means that we can define a single font size on the html element and define all rem units to be a percentage of that. html { font-size: 62.5%; } body { font-size: 1.4rem; } /* =14px */ h1 { font-size: 2.4rem; } /* =24px */
  • We can specify the fall-back using px, if you don't mind users of older versions of Internet Explorer still being unable to resize the text (well, there's still page zoom in IE7 and IE8). To do so, we specify the font-size using px units first and then define it again using rem units. html { font-size: 62.5%; } body { font-size: 14px; font-size: 1.4rem; } /* =14px */ h1 { font-size: 24px; font-size: 2.4rem; } /* =24px */
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  • I'm defining a base font-size of 62.5% to have the convenience of sizing rems in a way that is similar to using px.
  • consistent and predictable sizing in all browsers, and resizable text in the current versions of all major browsers
  • The compounding nature of em-based font-sizing can be frustrating so what else can we do?
Vernon Fowler

A Beginner's Guide to Pairing Fonts | Webdesigntuts+ - 2 views

  • Using multiple fonts together can be difficult, achieving harmony is challenging, but if you manage it the result can be decorative and striking. Use fewer fonts and your task is more straight forward. Try to make the best of both worlds by selecting fonts with multiple variants and weights. In this way you can take advantage of an array of styles, safe in the knowledge that they’ll compliment each other just fine.
  • What’s the Nature of my Content? When selecting fonts it’s important to consider the nature of the layout you’re dealing with. Are we talking mainly body copy? Are there multiple headings, sub-headings? Perhaps it’s a magazine layout with decks, blockquotes? When using multiple fonts make sure that the roles are clearly established; if one font is used as a sub-heading, don’t switch to another font for a sub-heading elsewhere. Keep a font’s purpose clear.
  • How Do I Achieve Successful Pairing? You might have already heard this; successful pairing relies on concord, or contrast, but not conflict. That is to say your selected fonts can work well together by sharing certain qualities, or by being completely different from one another. However, font pairs can conflict in a number of ways – being too similar being just one.
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  • The x-height of a font describes the height from the base line to the upper reaches of the lower case characters, like the x. A proportionately large x-height helps with readability.
  • Pairing 2: Contrast Contrast between fonts often lends a winning combination, but in what ways can fonts contrast? Here are just some qualities to look for: Style: Take a look at any font resource site and you’ll see them categorized as Blackletter, Monospace, Script, Slab Serif etc. Fonts of different styles will often contrast. Size: Big font, little font. Say no more. Weight: Varying the weight of fonts is a common way to establish visual hierarchy. Hierarchy achieved by contrast. Form: Consider the proportions of a typeface. The relative length of the descenders, the curvature of the shoulders, the direction of the movement. Color: Not something we’re going to go into here, but color can easily determine whether two fonts work well together.
  • It’s a classic way of pairing; take a decorative serif for the heading and a sure-footed sans-serif for the body. Or take a no-nonsense sans-serif for the headings, with a pleasantly legible serif for the body. A winner in many cases. Let’s look at a few, kicking off with two system fonts. That’s right, even they can work well together.
  • Condensed fonts always work well to get your attention, as they take up a lot of vertical real estate.
  • Slab serifs make very effective attention grabbers, but can be a bit pushy if you’re not careful.
  • Pairing 3: Conflict Let’s not focus too much on what doesn’t work well, we don’t want to sour the joyous combinations in the rest of this guide do we? That said, let’s just illustrate how two fonts, which are arguably too similar, can look awkward together.
  • Once you’ve concluded that you don’t like a font pairing, try to work out why and it will help you make decisions more quickly in the future.
Vernon Fowler

Best Practice: Get your HEAD in order - EricLaw's IEInternals - Site Home - MSDN Blogs - 1 views

  • To ensure optimal performance and reliability when rendering pages, you should order the elements within the HEAD element carefully.
  • Optimal Head Ordering <doctype>     <html>         <head>             <meta http-equiv content-type charset>              <meta http-equiv x-ua-compatible>             <base>             <title, favicon, comments, script blocks, etc>
  • If you must specify the character set using a META tag for some reason, it is critical that the META tag is the first element in the HEAD.
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  • If you must specify the X-UA-Compatible value using a META tag for some reason, this element MUST appear before any script blocks and SHOULD appear as early in the HEAD element as possible.
Vernon Fowler

Best Practices for Speeding Up Your Web Site - 1 views

  • Arranging the images in the sprite horizontally as opposed to vertically usually results in a smaller file size. Combining similar colors in a sprite helps you keep the color count low, ideally under 256 colors so to fit in a PNG8. "Be mobile-friendly" and don't leave big gaps between the images in a sprite. This doesn't affect the file size as much but requires less memory for the user agent to decompress the image into a pixel map. 100x100 image is 10 thousand pixels, where 1000x1000 is 1 million pixels
  • Minification is the practice of removing unnecessary characters from code to reduce its size thereby improving load times. When code is minified all comments are removed, as well as unneeded white space characters (space, newline, and tab). In the case of JavaScript, this improves response time performance because the size of the downloaded file is reduced.
  • Many web sites fall in the middle of these metrics. For these sites, the best solution generally is to deploy the JavaScript and CSS as external files. The only exception where inlining is preferable is with home pages, such as Yahoo!'s front page and My Yahoo!. Home pages that have few (perhaps only one) page view per session may find that inlining JavaScript and CSS results in faster end-user response times. For front pages that are typically the first of many page views, there are techniques that leverage the reduction of HTTP requests that inlining provides, as well as the caching benefits achieved through using external files. One such technique is to inline JavaScript and CSS in the front page, but dynamically download the external files after the page has finished loading. Subsequent pages would reference the external files that should already be in the browser's cache.
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  • CSS Sprites are the preferred method for reducing the number of image requests. Combine your background images into a single image and use the CSS background-image and background-position properties to display the desired image segment.
Vernon Fowler

A design process revealed | stopdesign - 1 views

  • I began by studying the content (text) of the existing page, making a model in my head of the document flow and hierarchy. I aggregated the sections of the page into logical groupings and assigned each a priority. I also spent time thinking about the purpose of the project, along with the ideas and concepts Dave Shea was trying to communicate when he created the Garden space and opened it up for other designers to contribute.
  • Showing off advanced CSS trickery is not the goal of this project. Instead, it attempts to demonstrate the beauty and flexibility achievable when designers grasp all the potential of CSS, using it as a tool to create a well-designed aesthetically-pleasing page which remains accessible, well-structured, and efficiently coded.
  • My Garden lists contained groupings of words and thoughts related to gardening, plants and flowers found in a garden, zen-like qualities, beauty and beautiful things, and characteristics of page design. I also created lists of all the elements, IDs, and classes used in Dave’s HTML, some of which made subtle appearances in the final design.
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  • Once I exhausted the idea branching, I started drawing thumbnail sketches
  • Once I had a few rough compositions I liked, I began studying typefaces and letterforms.
  • In addition to my affinity for the letterforms, the pronounced medieval style of the headline type created a perfect contrast with the sans-serif modernity of supporting keywords and titles which I set in Helvetica.
  • My next step in the process was to research imagery which could be used as the foundation for background texture, and act as supporting visual content.
  • I tend to keep imagery confined to a particular region of the layout, or reserve it for a specific purpose. In my opinion, the overuse of photography or illustration can quickly create a crowded, chaotic design which just obscures the intention or message of the piece. Contrast is an element of design which I love to work with when creating anything visual. This comes just as much into play with use of imagery in a composition as it does within the image itself. Effectively integrating imagery into a design requires an awareness of balance and tension. Compact areas of motion and activity, countered with spaces for the eye to rest and relax.
  • When designing outside HTML and CSS, I focus on constructing the language and guidelines of the page, determining proportions, widths and heights, gutters and white space, specifying complementing typefaces, choosing relative type size and leading, and the application of color as a means of both obvious and subtle accent.
  • I started writing the CSS for the design at a high-level, focusing on the layout structure, major backgrounds, and large regions of the page.
  • Groups of elements were positioned in correct locations. Then I applied the necessary detail to each element, from the top of the page, down.
  • The addition of a background pattern to the left and right of the primary image was an added benefit of discovering I couldn’t position the header as I originally intended.
  • The vertical alignment wasn’t refined until after each column was already positioned on the page.
  • This unity of thought at the final stage of the process is a strong reason the designer and person responsible for generating the HTML and/or CSS need should be working together as closely as possible, if the two are not already the same person.
Vernon Fowler

The best way to research your next web project | Boagworld - 1 views

  • Before starting your next project take a step back and do the groundwork. In this post we look at how to research your objectives and why its so important.
  • at the least this kind of research will inform a major redesign project. It also has the potential to save a project hundreds of thousands of dollars by revealing that what was originally envisaged is not actually required. Nothing is more dangerous than going down the line of thought which results in a website which does not meet users needs or fulfil the organisation’s objectives.
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