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chelfyn Baxter

Management and Virtual Decentralised Networks: The Linux Project - 0 views

  • A mechanistic management system is appropriate to stable conditions. It is characterised by:The Organismic form is appropriate to changing conditions. It is characterised by: Hierarchic structure of control, authority and communicationNetwork structure of control A reinforcement of the hierarchic structure by the location of knowledge of actualities exclusively at the top of the hierarchyOmniscience no longer imputed to the head of the concern; knowledge may be located anywhere in the network; the location becoming the centre of authority Vertical interaction between the members of the concern, ie. between superior and subordinateLateral rather than vertical direction of communication through the organisation  A content of communication which consists of information and advice rather than instructions and decisions
    • chelfyn Baxter
       
      This is very similar to many Web 1.0/2.0 analogies
  • Structurehierarchicalnetworked Scopeinternal/closedexternal/open Resource focuscapitalhuman, information Statestabledynamic, changing Directionmanagement commandsself-management Basis of actioncontrolempowerment to act Basis for compensationposition in hierarchycompetency level
  • However, "the Linux movement did not and still does not have a formal hierarchy whereby important tasks can be handled out ... a kind of self-selection takes place instead: anyone who cares enough about a particular program is welcomed to try" [54]. But if his work is not good enough, another hacker will immediately fill the gap. In this way, this 'self-selection' ensures that the work done is of superb quality. Moreover this "decentralisation leads to more efficient allocation of resources (programmers' time and work) because each developer is free to work on any particular program of his choice as his skills, experience and interest best dictate" (Kuwabara, 2000). In contrast, "under centralised mode of software development, people are assigned to tasks out of economic considerations and might end up spending time on a feature that the marketing department has decided is vital to their ad campaign, but that no actual users care about" [55].
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • Industrial AgeInformation Age Focus on measurable outcomesFocus on strategic issues using participation and empowerment Individual accountabilityTeam accountability Clearly differentiated-segmented organisational roles, positions and responsibilitiesMatrix arrangement - flexible positions and responsibilities Hierarchical, linear information flowsMultiple interface, 'boundaryless' information networking Initiatives for improvement emanate from a management eliteInitiatives for improvement emanate from all directions
  • There is only one layer between the community of Linux developers and Linus: the "trusted lieutenants". They are a dozen hackers that have done considerably extended work on a particular part of the kernel to gain Linus' trust. The "trusted lieutenants" are responsible to maintain a part of the Linux Kernel and lots of developers sent their patches (their code) directly to them, instead of Linus. Of course, apart from Linus that has encouraged this to happen, this informal mechanism represents a natural selection by the community since the "trusted lieutenants" are recognised [by the community] as being not owners but simple experts in particular areas [57] and thus, their 'authority' can always be openly challenged. This does not mean that Linus has more influence than they have. Recently, "Alan Cox (one of the "trusted" ones) disagreed with Linus over some obscure technical issue and it looks like the community really does get to judge by backing Alan and making Linus to acknowledge that he made a bad choice" [58].
  • In 1991, Linus Torvalds made a free Unix-like kernel (a core part of the operating system) available on the Internet and invited all hackers interested to participate. Within the next two months, the first version 1.0 of Linux was released. From that point, tens of thousands of developers, dispersed globally and communicating via the Internet, contributed code, so that early in 1993, Linux had grown to be a stable, reliable and very powerful operating system. The Linux kernel is 'copylefted' software, patented under the GNU GPL, and thus, nobody actually owns it. But more significantly, Linux is sheltered by the Open Source (hacker) community. From its very birth, Linux as a project has mobilised an incredible number of developers offering enhancements, modifications/improvements and bug fixes without any financial incentive. Despite the fact that an operating system is supposed to be developed only by a closely-knit team to avoid rising complexity and communication costs of coordination (Brook's Law), Linux is being developed in a massive decentralised mode under no central planning, an amazing feat given that it has not evolved into chaos. Innovation release early and often: Linus put into practice an innovative and paradox model of developing software. Frequent releases and updates (several times in a week) are typical throughout the entire development period of Linux. In this way, Linus kept the community constantly stimulated by the rapid growth of the project and provided an extraordinary effective mechanism of psychologically rewarding his co-developers for their contributions that were implemented in the last version. On top of this, in every released version, there is a file attached which lists all those who have contributed (code). Credit attribution if neglected, is a cardinal sin that will breed bitterness within the community and discourage developers from further contributing to the project. According to conventional software-building wisdom, early versions are by definition buggy and you do not want to wear out the patience of your users. But as far as the Linux development stage is concerned, developers are the users themselves and this is where most innovation is created (Figure 8). "The greatest innovation of Linux is that treating your users as co-developers is your least-hassle route to rapid code improvement and effective debugging" (Raymond, 1998a).
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    It's a great article
Janos Haits

Twitter Marketing Software - Community Management and Relationship Management Service f... - 3 views

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marciabeard

Buy Skype Account - 100% Real & low price - 0 views

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    Buy Skype Account Introduction Skype Account Purchase VoIP service Skype users can make voice and video calls over the internet. It also provides instant messaging tools. Microsoft-owned Skype is one of the most popular VoIP services available. There are two ways to buy Skype accounts. The first choice is to purchase Skype credit, which works for both landlines and mobile phones. The second choice is to subscribe to Skype for Business, a monthly service that allows users to make an unlimited number of calls to both landlines and mobile devices. What exactly is Skype? A piece of software called Skype enables users to conduct voice and video calls over the internet. On a computer, smartphone, or tablet, Skype can be utilized. Free to download and simple to use, Skype. On a computer, smartphone, or tablet, Skype can be utilized. Free to download and simple to use, Skype. Buy Skype Account You can contact landlines and mobile phones using Skype, as well as call other Skype users. Calls made using Skype include high-quality audio and cost less than traditional phone calls. Skype can be used to share data and images, as well as to speak with loved ones. You need a Skype account in order to use Skype. A free Skype account can be made. Visit skype.com and select "Create an account" to register for a Skype account. Your name, email address, and a Skype login and password must be provided. Skype is a fantastic tool for keeping in touch with friends and family all across the world. You may phone, chat, and share files and pictures with Skype. Create a Skype account right now because it is free and simple to use! What are Skype's advantages? You need a reliable technique to communicate with your far-flung friends and family when you want to keep in touch with them. One of the better possibilities is Skype, which offers a variety of advantages. Buy Skype Account First of all, using Skype is pretty simple. You can start using the program right away if you have a stron
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    Buy Skype Account Introduction Skype Account Purchase VoIP service Skype users can make voice and video calls over the internet. It also provides instant messaging tools. Microsoft-owned Skype is one of the most popular VoIP services available. There are two ways to buy Skype accounts. The first choice is to purchase Skype credit, which works for both landlines and mobile phones. The second choice is to subscribe to Skype for Business, a monthly service that allows users to make an unlimited number of calls to both landlines and mobile devices. What exactly is Skype? A piece of software called Skype enables users to conduct voice and video calls over the internet. On a computer, smartphone, or tablet, Skype can be utilized. Free to download and simple to use, Skype. On a computer, smartphone, or tablet, Skype can be utilized. Free to download and simple to use, Skype. Buy Skype Account You can contact landlines and mobile phones using Skype, as well as call other Skype users. Calls made using Skype include high-quality audio and cost less than traditional phone calls. Skype can be used to share data and images, as well as to speak with loved ones. You need a Skype account in order to use Skype. A free Skype account can be made. Visit skype.com and select "Create an account" to register for a Skype account. Your name, email address, and a Skype login and password must be provided. Skype is a fantastic tool for keeping in touch with friends and family all across the world. You may phone, chat, and share files and pictures with Skype. Create a Skype account right now because it is free and simple to use! What are Skype's advantages? You need a reliable technique to communicate with your far-flung friends and family when you want to keep in touch with them. One of the better possibilities is Skype, which offers a variety of advantages. Buy Skype Account First of all, using Skype is pretty simple. You can start using the program right away if you have a stron
Janos Haits

Topicle Search Community - 0 views

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    Topicle is a search engine community. Every Topicle search engine only searches handpicked URLs, instead of the whole Web. You - the community - can create new Topicle search engines and maintain all existing ones.
Helen Baxter

IdeaScale - 0 views

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    IdeaScale enables companies to build living/breathing Digg style communities. IdeaScale is based on the simple model of crowdsourcing. It begins with an idea posted to your IdeaScale community by a user. Each idea can be expanded through comments by the community. The ultimate measure of an idea is determined by a voting system. Any idea can be voted to the top or buried back down to the bottom. It combines the "wisdom of the crowds" concept with Web 2.0 models like Digg.
Martin Virtual

Art Of Community Online | Community: Step By Step - 0 views

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    cc-licenced book on how to build a community
Janos Haits

Jive - The Social Business Software Leader - Transforming Enterprise Communication & Co... - 8 views

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    Being number one boils down to this: people love to use Jive Social Business Software, which creates a major competitive advantage for customers who rely on SBS. Our next-generation communication and collaboration software is the only truly enterprise-scale social business solution on the market. Our foundation integrates the most powerful enterprise 2.0 features of collaboration software, community software, social networking software and social media monitoring tools to extend social capabilities across every level of your enterprise.
Janos Haits

Daily Dot - 12 views

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    The paper of record for the Web, the Internet's community newspaper. The Daily Dot gives a voice to the Web's communities. We report on the most important and relevant topics from within, applying tried-and-true principles drawn from community journalism to the growing cultures of the Internet, and allow our audience to read the Dot across multiple platforms, where they live, online.
marciabeard

Buy Etsy Accounts - 100% Verified ,Real Account - 0 views

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    Buy Etsy Accounts Introduction Online stores can sell handmade, antique, and one-of-a-kind things on Etsy. It is a well-liked platform for artisans, crafters, and creators of one-of-a-kind gifts. Having an Etsy account might help you market and sell your goods. Why You Should Buy Etsy Accounts ? Online stores can sell handmade, antique, and one-of-a-kind things on Etsy. It is a well-liked platform for artisans, crafters, and creators of one-of-a-kind gifts. Having an Etsy account might help you market and sell your goods. Here are various justifications for purchasing Etsy accounts: Buy Etsy Accounts You receive a free Etsy account when you launch an Etsy shop. This is a fantastic approach to begin advertising and selling your goods on Etsy. You can set up your shop, list your products, and start taking orders using your free Etsy account. How does Etsy Accounts work? The e-commerce site Etsy specializes in distinctive factory-made products as well as handcrafted or vintage goods and supplies. You may manage your shop and transactions on the Etsy website using an Etsy account. You may build up your shop, post things for sale, and handle orders using your account. Through your account, you can also communicate with Etsy's administrators and purchasers. Buy Etsy Accounts You must provide your email address and generate a password when creating an Etsy account. The username you select will serve as your online persona on Etsy. Your username, which will be used to generate your Etsy store website, can be your real name, a nickname, or the name of your company. For instance, if "knitwit" is your username and Your store's URL would be www.etsy.com/shop/theknittingwitch if you decide to start a store called "The Knitting Witch." Buy Etsy Accounts What are the benefits of using Etsy Accounts? Many people are looking for strategies to maximize their Etsy accounts because the marketplace has grown to be one of the most well-liked locations to buy and sell han
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Janos Haits

SocialEngine PHP Social Network Software | Community Software - 5 views

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    Create and activate your custom online community SocialEngine is the best way to create an active community website. We help you connect your friends, fans or customers around the things they love. No programming or design skills needed. Launch in minutes.
Janos Haits

SocialEngine PHP Community Software - Create your own community website - 14 views

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    SocialEngine.net/ is social network software that helps you build your own customized community websites. Start simple, or go feature-rich with plugins.
Giannis Mpeimpiii

100 Fabulous Social Networks and Communities for Lifelong Learners | Rated Colleges - 0 views

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    100 Fabulous Social Networks and Communities for Lifelong Learners
Janos Haits

Free Online Chat in 3D. Meet people, Create your Avatar, Have fun! - Club Cooee - 4 views

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    Club Cooee 3D Chat Community. Unlike other instant messengers and chat rooms found on the Internet, users chat in Club Cooee with personally styled and animated avatars in 3D. Club Cooee is FREE! Just register, shop and style and you are ready to explore and socialize in our 3D chat community
Janos Haits

Riot. Break through. - 4 views

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    "Break through Riot allows teams to communicate across a wide range of collaboration apps. If some team members use Riot while others use IRC, Slack or Gitter, Riot will allow these team members to seamlessly work together. Riot offers the richest network of communication bridges."
Janos Haits

Hellotxt -- Organize your life online... - 18 views

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    Hellotxt is your personal social networker...a Social Dashboard for your life online. Our free service, accessible via web, WAP, and smartphone apps, is designed to help a user communicate easily with their contacts, whichever networks they are on, and in both inbound and outbound communication. Our tool also makes it easy to engage and have more fun with the media you post to web 2.0 services. Hellotxt works with the world's most popular social networking and web 2.0 sites, including Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Tumblr, Posterous and WordPress.
marciabeard

Buy Wechat Account - 100% Real, Permanent, Verified Wechat 2023 - 0 views

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LUCIAN DUMA

Top 10 #socialmedia free tools to brand yourself #edtech20 #pln - 17 views

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Janos Haits

itcher™ - Community powered entertainment recommendations - 4 views

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    'Community Powered Recommendations Find your next movie, book, band or game in less than 50 seconds'
Janos Haits

Free Group Management, Private Communication & Collaboration | Groopt - 15 views

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    We help groups work smarter. No ads or distractions, so your members can schedule, communicate and share more effectively. Oh yeah, it's FREE.
Janos Haits

qaul.net - قول - 3 views

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    qaul.net implements a redundant, open communication principle, in which wireless-enabled computers and mobile devices can directly form a spontaneous network. Text messaging, file sharing and voice calls are possible independent of internet and cellular networks. Qaul.net can spread like a virus, and an Open Source Community can modify it freely.
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