Exploratory and confirmatory research are the two types used for different purposes. While both methods are useful, the key differences between them are in their limitations and benefits. Exploratory research is more commonly used in the early stages of research work, while confirmatory research is often used as a final step. Those wishing to proceed with clinical trials should run and reference confirmatory studies. A good way to ensure that a confirmatory study is done correctly is to adhere to a standard protocol and report findings regardless of effect sizes. Some researchers confuse between exploratory and confirmatory research when it is time to do research or thesis work. Do not worry! This article will teach you the main differences between exploratory and confirmatory research.
It is a short paper written by researchers before starting their research proposal. This paper aims to explain the concepts of their research project. It will focus on discussing the importance of the study, details, and methods used. In a concept paper, you include a research title, a small introduction of the subject, the main research question you will need to answer, the type of data you want to collect, the purpose of your study and the data collection method.
Funding is the major obstacle for students aspiring to enrol in a PhD degree programme in international universities. Reputed universities are expensive, and as an international student, it is costly to study in an international university. Many students find it impossible to achieve their dream of doing PhD from a reputed university. The UK is the most expensive country to go to for a PhD programme without any question. Britain is one of the most developed countries to live in, and it is the best place to study. Many students dream of going to the United Kingdom for higher education because of its state of the art universities, premium faculty, and multiple job opportunities.
Research is a vital factor, especially in academic courses, to investigate issues and find solutions through appropriate tools and strategies. There are various methods of conducting research in which two are vital. Qualitative and quantitative are two methods design uses in investigation purpose of a concept to meet objectives. The academic dissertation has less time, budget and scope in nature. There is a need for a cheaper way to conduct a study and meet set objectives. In this regard, Desk research is the second name of the secondary design of the investigation. It is a way to conduct a study
You have your tests coming up, and all you can do is scroll through your social media timeline aimlessly? Or you are more interested in your phone than getting back to work, or perhaps essay writing is keeping you from studying. Unknowingly you are wasting precious time that you might regret later. So first things first, you must do is get rid of all of the distractions around you before your tests and exams, and there are simple ways to do so. First of all, check the place you are studying i
The conclusion chapter of any study is an essential part. It contains the most critical statements from the study. The conclusion section contains a summarised statement of the problem. It also contains brief Data Analysis Results. A reader can develop an understanding of the challenges and solutions of the topic. The language of the data analysis, discussion, and conclusion sections must be plain. In order to help the reader to learn different vital aspects of the subject matter.
The scientometric index refers to the field of study that concerns itself with the evaluation of academic literature. It evaluates the impact of scholarly literature. The Scientometric index measures the impact of research papers and academic journals. Scientometrics is a sub-field of informetrics. This article will tell you about the scientometric index as a field of study, its various branches and its impact on the corpus of literature.
There have been a number of institutes that provide competent IELTS preparation course offering students a broad platform to get through International English Language Testing System (IELTS) - The world's leading test of English for higher education and immigration purposes from highly qualified instructors.
See also Janis (1972) "Group Thought". Probably assessing close contacts vs distant ones could be a nice clue for assessing FB profiles' "Innovative Information Ratings" .
See also Janis (1972) "Group Thought". Probably assessing close contacts vs distant ones could be a nice clue for assessing FB profiles' "Innovative Information Ratings" . I Keep reading...
Innovation related to distant people (weak connections)
tight-knit social circles tend to be small relative to people's entire social network, and when it comes to information about future job opportunities, it can be hard to find new leads.
Weak ties help spread novel information by bridging the gap between clusters of strong tie contacts
homophily [3], the tendency of individuals with similar characteristics to associate with one another.
Individuals are connected to each other through workplaces, professions, schools, clubs, hobbies, political beliefs and other affiliations. The homophily principle holds true for any kind of social network you can think of:
even the people you ride the bus with.
these commonalities not only shape how often people interact and what they talk about, but also what kinds of information they as individuals seek on the Web.
Homophily suggests that people who interact frequently are similar and may consume more of the same information.
Individuals that interact less often tend to be dissimilar and may consume more diverse information.
We found that people are more likely to share the information they were exposed to by their strong ties than by their weak ties on Facebook (Figure 3).
strength between two individuals is measured by the number of comments a person received from their friend on Facebook
Other measurements of tie strength, like the number of messages, co-appearances in photos, and discussion on posts are discussed in our paper [5].
There are many possible explanations for the increased flow of information across strong ties
information shared by a person's weak ties is unlikely to be shared at a later point in time independently of those friends.
seeing content from a weak tie leads to a nearly tenfold increase in the likelihood that a person will share a link
In contrast, seeing information shared by a strong tie in News Feed makes people just six times as likely to share.
weak ties have the greatest potential to expose their friends to information that they would not have otherwise discovered.
though a person is more likely to share a single piece of information from one of their close contacts,
weak ties are collectively responsible for the majority of information spread.
example (illustrated in Figure 5). Let's say a person has 100 contacts that are weak tie friends, and 10 that are strong tie friends. Suppose the chance that you'll share something is very high for strong tie friends, say 50%
but the weak tie
sharing is only 15%
Therefore the amount of information spread due to weak and strong ties would be 100*0.15 = 15, and 10*0.50 = 5 respectively
so in total, people would end up sharing more from their weak tie friends.
because of their abundance, weak ties are primarily responsible for the majority of information spread on Facebook.
majority of people’s contacts are weak tie friends
We are exposed to and spread more information from our distant contacts than our close friends.
Since these distant contacts tend to be different from us, the bulk of information we consume and share comes from people with different perspectives
Our work
shows that online social networks can serve as an important medium for sharing new perspectives, products and world events.
very often, information does not "cascade" very far along the network. This phenomenon has been observed in earlier research on Twitter in Everyone's an Influencer: Quantifying Influence on Twitter
and has been studied across other networks
by Sharad Goel and Duncan Watts at Yahoo! Research, NY.
person who click 'like' is in the weak ties group, and then who write a reply is in the strong ties group ?
See also Janis (1972) "Group Thought". Probably assessing close contacts vs distant ones could be a nice clue for assessing FB profiles' "Innovative Information Ratings" . I Keep reading...
How do your friends shape the information you see online? See also Janis (1972) "Group Thought". Probably assessing close contacts vs distant ones could offer a nice clue for assessing FB profiles' "Innovative Information Ratings" . More comments inside, see also Diigo.
See also Janis (1972) "Group Thinking". Probably assessing close contacts vs distant ones could offer a nice clue for assessing FB profiles' "Innovative Information Ratings" . More comments inside, see also Diigo.
Recently I read Amanda Ripley's thought provoking book 'The Smartest Kids in the World: And How They Got That Way' in which through a comparative study of foreign exchange students she reports from the inside on the modern powerhouses of education. Amanda set out to explain why some countries are able to outperform others on PISA scores.