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Passive Annual Heat Storage (PAHS) is a method of collecting natural heat all summer, when there’s more of it, and saving it until winter when it’s needed, effectively maintaining over time a constant effective natural resource base. Building materials are arranged in a special configuration to merely change the balance of natural heat flow of a conventional design. Heat is thereby directed from wherever we get it to wherever we want it, all without using machinery to make it work. With the rising cost of energy inclining more people towards sustainable living, all home builders should educate themselves about basic PAHS principles!

Some off-the-grid communities are little more than subdivisions beyond the reach of any power company, where homeowners fend for themselves. Some off-the-grid communities take the intentional community approach, a gathering of like-minded residents living in a cooperative manner (and if you think that sounds like a commune, well, you’d be right).

Emerald Earth This intentional community on 189 acres Mendocino County near Boonville, Calif., was founded in 1989. The dozen or so people living here share a common house with a main kitchen, eating and meeting areas and shower. There is also a bathhouse/greenhouse with a sauna, showers and garden greenhouse. There are four small cabins heated by passive solar and wood stoves. Solar panels and a gas generator provide electricity. Use of composting outhouses means there is no need for a septic system.