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lethukuthula0380

God, missionaries and race in colonial Malawi.pdf - 0 views

Cindy Mayisa HISTORY 2A

shared by lethukuthula0380 on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • derogatory comments about African traditions, cultures and practices.
    • lethukuthula0380
      lethukuthula0380 on 26 Apr 23
       
      Missionaries treated African traditions as evil and did everything possible to ensure that it was ousted
  • Scholars have proved that missionaries wrote favourably about their host community to show satisfactory progress in their missionary work and justify further financin
    • lethukuthula0380
      lethukuthula0380 on 26 Apr 23
       
      Financial funding was very instrumental for the missions which is why missionaries purposefully ommitted negative information in their reports about their host communities in fear of losing funding
  • social justice system adopted by the Blantyre Mission whereby Africans were punished with lashings, and at least one African was flogged to death
    • lethukuthula0380
      lethukuthula0380 on 26 Apr 23
       
      It is important that the Blantyre missions also had negative implications and although they came with the purpose of spreading the Gospel they also subjected Africans to abuse
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • others were imprisoned, where they would spend days without food
nomzamosxaba2003

Exploration in central Africa: A review: Scottish Geographical Magazine: Vol 30, No 6 - 1 views

www.tandfonline.com/...14702541408541556

NOMZAMO

shared by nomzamosxaba2003 on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • nomzamosxaba2003 on 26 Apr 23
     
    This article offers an overview of central African exploration from the early 19th century to the present. the writers talk about the goals and difficulties of early explorers like David Livingstone and look at how colonialism and imperialism affected exploration in the area. They also draw attention to how scientific research has helped people learn more about the geography, geology, and natural resources of the area. This article then discusses more modern explorations, such as initiatives to map the Congo River and the application of satellite technology to find previously undiscovered features in the area. While admitting the complicated ethical and political issues involved, the writers repeatedly stress the significance of central African exploration to modern exploration, such as initiatives to map the Congo River and the application of satellite technology to find previously undiscovered features in the area. While admitting the complicated ethical and political issues involved, the writers repeatedly stress the significance of central African exploration to scientific knowledge and human history.
phomeleloselala5

Mozambique's guns spread peace through art - 1 views

www.nbcnews.com/...wbna10627036

PM Selala 221079320 History 2A

shared by phomeleloselala5 on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • Pistols, rifles, machine guns and mines that spread terror across Mozambique during years of civil war have been transformed from agents of death and destruction into art, winning hearts at home and abroad.People have
    • phomeleloselala5
      phomeleloselala5 on 26 Apr 23
       
      The war that occurred in the 1800s in Lourenco Marque which is now known as Mozambique, has encouraged the people of Mozambique to instead use those guns to benefit them in a good way without harming anyone by trading them in with other objects such as tools that they can use to better their lives, for example, farming tools and sewing machines;some of the left over pieces of the guns are used to make sculptures.
lizziemagale

images (8) - 2 views

Lizzie Lizbeth Magale

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  • lizziemagale on 26 Apr 23
     
    Missionaries joined by the African people
tshehla222227980

Gale Article: Portugal Loses Zanzibar. - 3 views

go.gale.com/...i.do

Mojalefa Joseph Tshehla History 2A 222227980

shared by tshehla222227980 on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • By the tenth century, Persians had begun to settle on the island and intermarry with the indigenous people.
  • blockaded
    • tshehla222227980
      tshehla222227980 on 26 Apr 23
       
      Conclusively, it may be said that slavery was a big proportion of Zanzibar's economical activities in terms of bringing more profit into the region hence Zanzibar in the eighteenth century stood out for being the main slave market in Eastern Africa due to its strategic location in the Indian Ocean as I have mentioned above.
  • ...3 more annotations...
    • tshehla222227980
      tshehla222227980 on 26 Apr 23
       
      This is technically where their dominance began allowing them power to profit in many other things including slavery which is the key theme of the assignment.
  • By taking over the east coast of Africa, Portugal was able to profit from trade in gold, ivory, and slaves
    • tshehla222227980
      tshehla222227980 on 26 Apr 23
       
      It is an existing reality that more than anything, slave trade was the most lucrative form of commercial activity in the trade market.
  • Because the leaders of Oman were strict Muslims and therefore forbidden by Islamic law from enslaving Muslims, they made non-Muslim Africans their slaves instead.
    • tshehla222227980
      tshehla222227980 on 26 Apr 23
       
      I feel like the Islamic laws did not restrict them, the Islamic laws do not allow anyone to treat their neighbors badly or in an inhumane way. If they really followed the Islamic laws they would have not engaged in slave trading.
  • tshehla222227980 on 26 Apr 23
     
    Some of the annotations are in the texts, i highlighted and added texts instead of adding sticky notes.
bandilezwane

ProQuestDocuments-2023-04-26.pdf - 1 views

Bandile Zwane History2A

shared by bandilezwane on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • After 10 years working in Africa's TV and advertising industry, Mr Adegbie became a Christian missionary with the World Mission Agency in 1996 and served in East, Central and West Africa. He came to the North East with his wife and business partner, Nkechi, in 2003 to study for a MA in creative writing at Northumbria University and has since headed a series of projects.
khumalo

The gun-slave hypothesis and the 18th century British slave trade - ScienceDirect - 1 views

www.sciencedirect.com/...S0014498317301043

shared by khumalo on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • European shipments of firearms to Africa accelerated in the late 17th and early 18th centuries.8 This is also when African slave exports began to increase. Before then, the older matchlock musket proved ineffective in tropical climates and the Catholic Church prohibited their sale to non-Christians. The sale of large numbers of guns and gunpowder to Africans began with Protestant slave traders not bound by Catholic prohibitions.
adonisi19

The Reverend Charles New Nineteenth Century Missionary and Explorer in Eastern Equatori... - 1 views

Zanele Adonisi

shared by adonisi19 on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • Charles New is little-mentioned in exploration literature, yet during his short life (1840–75), this self-educated Methodist evangelist became, in August 1871, the first European to reach the snow line of Mount Kilimanjaro.
  • He was a vocal opponent of the slave trade in Britain, and for his geographical exploits was honored by the Royal Geographical Society (RGS) in April 1874.
  • During his years as Revd Thomas Wakefield’s equal partner at their coastal Kenya mission, they made an excursion to Southern Oromo (also known as Galla) country in eastern Kenya in 1866–67.
  • ...28 more annotations...
  • Despite his short life, New provided geographical insights about eastern Kenya and the region around Mount Kilimanjaro
  • Hildegard Binder Johnson in her seminal article on missionaries as explorers cogently provided a useful overview of the role they played in helping western society understand new and unknown places in Africa
  • New and Wakefield were equal partners at their fever-ridden Methodist mission at Ribe in Kenya
  • Ribe is located a few miles from Rabai, the site of Johann Ludwig Krapf’s mission.
  • The word “Galla” actually is the name one sees for the Southern Oromo in much of the literature as well as on maps, and will be used throughout this article.
  • New arrived in Kenya on 1 May 1863, and when he first met Thomas Wakefield, his initial, whimsical words were “Mr Wakefield, I presume.” 9 Within a short time, Krapf saw that the two young missionaries were settled at Ribe, a short distance inland from Mombasa, and long-term plans were made to travel to eastern Kenya to visit the Galla.
  • treacherous,
    • adonisi19
      adonisi19 on 26 Apr 23
       
      This word means guilty of or involving betrayal and deception.
  • Finally, in October 1866, New and Wakefield, with church sanction, began their reconnaissance of Galla country, a journey that lasted little more than three months.
  • Their itinerary took them by boat northwards from Mombasa to Malindi and Mambria. After wandering inland to places in the Tana River region called Mana Mvoko, Gubisu, and Golbanti near Lake Ashaka, they journeyed east to Lamu island, from where they then sailed by dhow to Malindi (see Figure 2). They returned to Mombasa in February 1867. New and Wakefield were fortunate to survive.
  • On occasion, they almost starved.
    • adonisi19
      adonisi19 on 26 Apr 23
       
      Missionaries put their lives at risk just spread the word of God this shows how dedicated they were.
  • eir shoes disintegrated, they were constantly plagued by mosquitoes, and they were endangered by flooded rivers
  • To add insult to injury, they found that the Galla had no interest in the gospel once they learned that the young missionaries could not protect them from the ever-raiding Masai. Because the evangelical results of their journey were quite disappointing, R. Elliott Kendall concluded that this visit to Galla country by the two young missionaries was “an objective which turned out to be a chimera.” 13
  • His last effort to establish a mission at Golbanti on the Tana River ended in tragic disaster when Masai warriors (not Galla tribesmen) attacked the compound and murdered all of the European occupants.
  • Another important result of this short exploration was that New came to dislike the Galla and he was convinced that they were a “forlorn hope”; thus, they would never be converted to Christianity.
  • Wakefield and Krapf did not agree with him; Wakefield attempted without success to convert the Galla right up to the time he left Africa in 1887.
  • Charles New, Map of Equatorial Africa. Detail of route followed by Charles New and Thomas Wakefi eld from Mombasa to Galla Country in coastal Kenya in 1866–67. Ribe is located on this map just north of Mombasa. From Charles New, Life, Wanderings, and Labours in Eastern Africa, 3rd edn (London, 1971).
  • New was convinced that the Galla were too recalcitrant to be converted by Christian missionaries, and, in addition, he was not at all enamored with the mission site at Ribe. He called it the “hapless Mombas mission.” He believed it was too unhealthy a place for Europeans to survive.
  • Charles New wanted to establish a mission in a more salubrious location,
  • New’s first trip to the land of the Chagga was a notable success. He established good relations with the Chagga, and he gained permission to travel almost everywhere. Clearly, this was a good place to relocate.
  • In other words, for this Christian missionary, the Chagga were ripe for evangelizing.
  • This was wishful thinking because, as it turned
  • out, New had no better success with the Chagga than he did with the Mijikenda at Ribe or with the Galla. 19
  • While at Kilimanjaro, New had some difficulties with Mangi Rindi, also known as Mandara, the powerful Chagga ruler at Moshi. New focused on Moshi because Mandara had close relations with Swahili traders from the coast. These problems with Mandara were to continue when New returned to Kilimanjaro in 1875. 2
  • On his way back to England to commence his leave in July 1872, New first sailed to the town of Victoria in the Seychelles to wait for a mail boat to take him to England. While there, he stayed at a hotel that also housed Henry Stanley as a patron. It is presumed that during their stay in the Seychelles New and Stanley discussed their dispute.
  • he was seriously ill throughout this journey, which lasted only from early December 1874 to 14 February 1875, the day he died from exhaustion and dysentery while returning to Ribe from Kilimanjaro.
  • He did not go to East Africa to be an explorer, but when he once was asked whether he wanted to be respected only for his geographical accomplishments he emphatically responded that “Let me never think of merging the missionary into the traveler.
  • Charles New was convinced that he helped alleviate human misery during his limited years of evangelizing in East Africa, even though he admitted that he preached to people whom he said “would not listen.” He was fervently opposed to slavery, yet, like most Europeans of his day, he was a benevolent racist who disparaged Africans, especially the Mijikenda tribesmen who resided in the Ribe area and whom he knew well. 31
  • Charles New’s missionary work in Kenya should not be minimized. Success as an evangelist was limited mainly because he admitted that his words fell on deaf ears; nonetheless, his activities were vital to the survival of the Methodist mission in Ribe (he is touted as being the founder of the first formal school in East Africa), and he continually worked to gain support in Britain.
hlulani

European Exploration Maps - 0 views

Hlulani Makumbani

shared by hlulani on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • hlulani on 26 Apr 23
     
    The European exploration map is all about religious, military and cultures. It is about exploring the Countries by looking at the different cultures from different countries.
khazimlasinobom

THE ZULU WAR IN ZULU PERSPECTIVE.pdf - 3 views

Sinobom Ngese History 2A

shared by khazimlasinobom on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • pare with the Ndwandwe war
    • khazimlasinobom
      khazimlasinobom on 26 Apr 23
       
      It is a war that fought between the Zulu Kingdom and the Ndwandwe tribe. They met the Zulus at the Battle of Mhlatuze River in 1819.
  • Shaka
  • attle of Ndondakusuk
    • khazimlasinobom
      khazimlasinobom on 26 Apr 23
       
      This was a battle of culmination of succession to the throne of the Zulu Kingdom which the were two sons to sit on the throne Cetshwayo and Mbuyazi. But Mbuyazi was defeated and was killed by his brother Cetshwayo.
  • ...26 more annotations...
  • not Z
  • even an
  • upreme racist w
  • gro Universities
    • khazimlasinobom
      khazimlasinobom on 26 Apr 23
       
      They were the publishers which showed the lives and treatment of black people.
  • ack power! T
  • dlwana.
    • khazimlasinobom
      khazimlasinobom on 26 Apr 23
       
      Battle of Isandlwana was the first major encounter in the Anglo-Zulu war where Zulu Kingdom fought with British Empire. Later the Zulu force defeated the British troops
  • itish revenge. A
  • bula/Nkambule
  • the Zulu
  • King Henry
  • 's The Story of the
    • khazimlasinobom
      khazimlasinobom on 26 Apr 23
       
      This book is about the rise of Shaka and his successors under his leadership the warrior nation built a fearsome fighting reputation.
  • vide the British with an opportunity for romantic feats of arms, heroic defences and glorious charg
    • khazimlasinobom
      khazimlasinobom on 26 Apr 23
       
      Thinking about this question it really seems like the writer was trying to paint the war between the two empires to be a none violent one but actually many civilians died because of that battle.
  • y by
  • war, Msebe, Tshaneni and Ndun
  • e battle of Ulun
    • khazimlasinobom
      khazimlasinobom on 26 Apr 23
       
      This battle took place on the 4th July at the Zulu capital of Ulundi. The British teared down the military power of the Zulu nation when they defeated the zulu army afterwards captured and burned the royal kraal.
  • Nodweng
  • to Mpande's ca
  • impi yasocwecwe
  • t as Inq
  • ulu kings, Shaka, Din
  • it could have been written by a white man as well as by a Zulu, except that the romantic element is completely lac
    • khazimlasinobom
      khazimlasinobom on 26 Apr 23
       
      How can a battle which people lost families and homes be romantic?
  • der Cornelius
  • r, Imizamo kaCetshw
  • not
    • khazimlasinobom
      khazimlasinobom on 26 Apr 23
       
      Interregnum, it's a period when normal government is suspended especially between successive reigns and regimes
  • is torn to pieces". I first heard from the king on that day that the whites were about to invade Zululanď
  • ater supplying the British troops besieged in Eshowe: Cetshwayo said 'he would not fight with the whites in such an inhuman manner, he wo
    • khazimlasinobom
      khazimlasinobom on 26 Apr 23
       
      The man Cetshwayo was shows that he would never backdown and bow to anyone. He prefered defeating an enemy fairly
  • khazimlasinobom on 26 Apr 23
     
    The views of the Zulu war were different from the European view and Zulu view. Concerning to how significant the Zulu war had on the Zulu Kingdom, following it's reasons on it spreading to other parts of the Kwa-Zulu Natal. Trying to make the British army weak reasoning from their first encounter with the Zulu army and lost the battle. Which later caused the Zulu king to step down because of the impact of the war and wanting the British to face the punishment for their involvement in Zulu Kingdom. Cetshwayo waging war against the British troops in a fair fight but later died living his son Dinuzulu to take over. Zulus had a system under which they operated on creating a governancy and agricultural farms being formed as men were going to report there.
hlulani

Library - Diigo - 1 views

www.diigo.com/...hlulani

Hlulani Makumbani History 2A 2023

shared by hlulani on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • hlulani on 26 Apr 23
     
    " My Library Collapse All"
ntonta

13 september 1836.pdf - 1 views

Bonga Ntonta''

shared by ntonta on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
gudanirangata26

In Darkest Africa - 1 views

www.tandfonline.com/...14702549008554995

Gudani Rangata

shared by gudanirangata26 on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
gudanirangata liked it
    • gudanirangata26
      gudanirangata26 on 26 Apr 23
       
      an ancient term referring to a legendary mountain or mountain range in east Africa at the source of the Nile River.
    • gudanirangata26
      gudanirangata26 on 26 Apr 23
       
      Mehmed Emin Pasha was an Ottoman physician of German Jewish origin, naturalist, and governor of the Egyptian province of Equatoria on the upper Nile
  • In Darkest ~4frica is a vigorous and life-
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • like picture of one of the most stirring episodes in the history of explora- tion.
  • Emin Pasha
  • Mountains of the Moon
  • gudanirangata26 on 26 Apr 23
     
    "In Darkest Africa" is a narration of Henry Morton Stanley`s expedition through Africa. This was solely on a quest to rescue Emin Pasha (governor of the Equatorial province of Egypt). This gives a direct narration of an explorer`s first had experience. Moreover, it gives us an explorative picture of Africa in the nineteenth century as Stanley was a British American explorer.
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