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boer machine guns - 1 views

www.diigo.com/...0avd Lesedi Mokoena
shared by Lesedi Mokoena on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • Lesedi Mokoena on 26 Apr 23
     
    There aren't many times in military history where rifle shooting has been as important as it was during the Second Anglo-Boer War at the turn of the 20th century. The British Empire's juggernaut was stopped in its tracks (at least temporarily) by the Boer burghers' ("citizens") skill with long-range shooting, which astounded onlookers all around the world. Quite a few of the burghers were also armed with an unusual variety of obsolete weaponry, while the majority of the unpaid Boer militiamen, operating in small mounted formations ("commandos"), were equipped with the most contemporary repeating bolt-action rifles and firing smokeless powder cartridges. It is necessary to briefly discuss the origins of the conflict and provide a very broad overview of the war's development in order to put these weapons into perspective. The Boers (also known as "farmers") were strict, devout Calvinists who could trace their ancestry to a colony of Dutch (and later, French Huguenot) settlers who arrived at the southern tip of Africa in the 17th century to restock Dutch ships traveling to and from the Dutch East Indies. During the Napoleonic Wars, the British took control of the Cape Colony, which was called after the Cape of Good Hope. Soon after, tensions between the British and the fiercely independent Boers increased. In order to live their lives as they saw fit, groups of Boers were travelling northward into the interior of Africa by ox-drawn wagon trains by the 1830s and 1840s. This was similar to what was happening in the American West at the same time. They eventually formed two independent republics-the Orange Free State and the Transvaal (also known by its official title of the South African Republic)-after subduing hostile native tribes, putting them finally (or so they believed) beyond the reach of the British. But during the Victorian era, British imperialism was in full swing, and the British kept seizing more country from the Boers. In fact, in 1880, they briefly an
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September 1874 - Document - Nineteenth Century Collections Online - 1 views

go.gale.com/...retrieve.do Noluthando Ndzimande
shared by nsndzimande on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • Sir Bartle Frere having accomplished the grand work of abolishing slavery
    • nsndzimande
      nsndzimande on 26 Apr 23
       
      Once again this proves that David Livingstone was a noble man and he despised slavery, probably because it went against everything he believed in as a religious man.
  • Dr. Livingstone
    • nsndzimande
      nsndzimande on 26 Apr 23
       
      Dr Livingstone was a physician, a Christian missionary, and a well known explorer of Africa. He spent 3 decades exploring the African continent, and in the 1950s he became known as the first European to cross the African continent. He is also known for his discovery of the Victoria falls. Despite the history of Africans and Europeans, Dr Livingstone strongly believed that Africa had a good chance of being progressive.
  • Garden of Eden, in the Book of Genesis.
    • nsndzimande
      nsndzimande on 26 Apr 23
       
      A reference to the Bible is made which relates to Christianity, one of the mains reasons why he came to Africa.
  • ...19 more annotations...
  • Lord Stanley
    • nsndzimande
      nsndzimande on 26 Apr 23
       
      Henry Marton Stanley is well known for locating Dr Livingstone during his voyage in Africa.
  • Ujijian traders carrying 18,000 lbs. weight of ivory, bought in this new field for a mere trifle, in thick copper bracelets and beads
    • nsndzimande
      nsndzimande on 26 Apr 23
       
      During this century guns were a form of currency and they were also a measure of economic standard. Africa has always been known for its richness in resources, therefore they would trade their resources, such as ivory as mentioned above, and in return they would receive guns.
  • Manyema,
    • nsndzimande
      nsndzimande on 26 Apr 23
       
      The Manyema tribe originated from the place referred to in the modern day as eastern Congo and they were feared by many because of how powerful and warring they were. The way Livingstone describes this tribe shows how intimidated he was and this further demonstrates how his mission was not to destroy the Africans.
  • Sultan of Zanzibar.
    • nsndzimande
      nsndzimande on 26 Apr 23
       
      A sultan is a Muslim supreme ruler/ monarch.
  • Ujiji
    • nsndzimande
      nsndzimande on 26 Apr 23
       
      This is a historic town land it is the oldest town located in Western Tanzania. This is the town where David Livingstone and Henry Marton Stanley met and amemorial was constructed to honour that event.
  • r ictoria Falls
    • nsndzimande
      nsndzimande on 26 Apr 23
       
      He is known as the first person to discover the Victoria falls.
  • My reasons for the opinion that it is the river of Egypt are the great length of the watershed, which certainly is that of South-Central Africa. It stretches from west to east, a vast elevated bar, across at least two-thirds of the entire continent, while I observed the sources of the Congo arising from a com¬ paratively short piece of it, which it shared with the Zambezi on its south. In the same journey that I travelled across the sources of the Congo and Zambezi,
    • nsndzimande
      nsndzimande on 26 Apr 23
       
      This proves that he actually crossed the African continent as he seemed very knowledgeable about it. He was indeed the greatest African explorer.
  • cannibals
    • nsndzimande
      nsndzimande on 26 Apr 23
       
      They attained this label beause of their brutality and because they were literal eaters of flesh.
  • Africans are not unreasonable, though smarting under wrongs, if you can fairly make them understand your claim to innocence and do not appear as having your " back up."
    • nsndzimande
      nsndzimande on 26 Apr 23
       
      This shows how David Livingstone saw Africans as normal people, he did not belittle them or view them in a dehumanising manner.
  • Two English guns in the box are surely not too much for his virtue.
    • nsndzimande
      nsndzimande on 26 Apr 23
       
      This shows how valuable guns were during this age, they were a high currency. Explorers traded resources which were they had in abundance in their ethnic countries, these were traded to obtain resources they wanted. This was a barter trade of some sort.
  • Arabs
    • nsndzimande
      nsndzimande on 26 Apr 23
       
      They resided along the coast of Tanzania.
  • Sir Bartle Freie
    • nsndzimande
      nsndzimande on 26 Apr 23
       
      He was the imperial administrator of Zanzibar meaning he worked for the British colony. David Livingstone may have been "different" from other Europeans in terms of how they viewed Africa and her people, but that did not strip his European "benefits" away.
  • Nile valley,
    • nsndzimande
      nsndzimande on 26 Apr 23
       
      The Nile is known as the longest river in Africa. It is called the father of African rivers.
  • I. too, have shed light of another kind, and am fain to believe that I have performed a small part in the grand revolution which our Maker has been for ages carrying on, by multitudes of conscious, and many unconscious, agents, all over the world.
    • nsndzimande
      nsndzimande on 26 Apr 23
       
      He believed that his objective for travellin/ exploring was in progress and he had achieved a good portion of it.
  • The women here were particularly outspoken in asserting our identity with the cruel strangers. On calling to one vociferous lady who gave me the head trader's name, just to look if he and I were of the same colour, she replied with a bitter little laugh, "Then you must be his father."
    • nsndzimande
      nsndzimande on 26 Apr 23
       
      Europeans were known by the Africans mostly for all the wrong reasons, they were known as the oppressors. David Livingstone was rather different to the description of Europeans, but this must have been hard for Africans to believe because of the suffering they had endured at the hands of the Europeans. The comparison of Livingstone to the head trader is a demonstration of how the Africans saw all Europeans, as the presecutors.
  • and I had a sore longing to finish my work and retire.
    • nsndzimande
      nsndzimande on 26 Apr 23
       
      Livingstone came to Africa to as a missionary, he was teaching about Christianity. He faced a number of challenges during his time of work, but he pesevered.
  • Bambarre
    • nsndzimande
      nsndzimande on 26 Apr 23
       
      In the modern time, this place is well known for the letter written by Dr Livingstone when he was there.
  • This 1 name after good Lord Palmerston. Near it rises the Lunga, which farther down is called Luenge, and still further off Kafue or Kafuje, I would name it Oswell's fountain.
    • nsndzimande
      nsndzimande on 26 Apr 23
       
      The fountains obtained names with religious meaning behind them which proves that he was a man of religion and he was there to teach about Christianity. Palmerston can be translated to pilgrim, which is defined as an individual who voyages to a place of sacredness for religious purpose. When directly translated Oswell means God's power. During his journey he witnessed might have witnessed God's power through the beauty of nature all around him.
  • an irritable eating ulcer fastened on each foot, and laid me up for five months.
    • nsndzimande
      nsndzimande on 26 Apr 23
       
      These are some of the challenges he faced as a missionary and explorer in Africa. The way he sympathises with the slaves represents how he felt about slavery, it was inhumane.
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The Location of Christian Missions in Africa.pdf - 1 views

diigo.com/0sf7ib Asande Mbatha
shared by asande on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • Mission stations are a widely dispersed, more or less permanent cultural feature of rural Africa. With their chapels, residences, dormitories, schools, dispensaries, gardens, utility buildings, water-supply systems, and good access roads they stand in great contrast with their immediate surroundings. In the confrontation of Europeans with African ways of life these stations have been for the missionaries a refuge, a symbol of achievement, and a home; for the Africans they have been strongholds of alien ways from religion to agriculture, an intrusion but also a promise of help, of learning, and of a better life.
    • asande
      asande on 26 Apr 23
       
      Interesting
  • ticle presents a preliminary and condensed overview of the pioneer distribution of Christian missions on the African continent south of the Sahara.3 The m
    • asande
      asande on 26 Apr 23
       
      Main idea of the Article
  • THE COASTAL APPROACH AND OVERLAND ROUTES All missionaries came to Africa south of the Sahara by sea and depended for their maintenance on imports that reached them via coastal commercial points. Even the White Fathers, experienced in desert and Muslim environments, failed twice in a trans-Saharan reach from their base at Algiers and proceeded to Uganda from Zanzibar in 1878, and to Timbuktu from SaintLouis in 1895.13 Only after stations had been established in the interi
    • asande
      asande on 26 Apr 23
       
      It states how Missionaries came To Africa
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https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/179483.pdf?refreqid=excelsior%3Ad10298db155bc88e859646... - 2 views

www.jstor.org/...179483.pdf mhlengi
shared by mhlengixaba on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • mhlengixaba on 26 Apr 23
     
    ivory trade has been valued since ancient times in art or manufacturing for making a range of items from ivory carvings. Hard ivory generally comes from elephants in the western half of Africa, soft ivory from those in the eastern half. A hard ivory tusk is darker in colour and is more slender and straighter in form than a soft tusk. Traders transported ivory from eastern along the Saharan trade routes to the North African. in the 19th century that the great development of the East African ivory trade took place. An increased demand for ivory in America and Europe coincided with the opening up of East Africa by Arab traders and European explores, and this led to the intensive exploitation of the ivory resources of the interior
  • ujhistprof on 13 Jun 23
     
    not annotated
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Stanley and Africa - Document - Nineteenth Century Collections Online.pdf - 4 views

diigo.com/0sf7m9 NM MABUZA 222121134
shared by maureennompumelelo1 on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • maureennompumelelo1 on 26 Apr 23
     
    Stanley circumnavigated Lake Victoria to see if it was a single body of water, and more importantly to see if it was the much sought after source of the Nile River. In this source it is stated that Stanley's quest was to explore Lake Victoria and its inflowing and outflowing rivers, again explore Lake Albert and its inflowing and outflowing rivers and explore Lake Tanganyika. This source again outlines how this explorer found that there was no connection between Lake Tanganyika and the Nile. Stanley saw that it was his task to explore the haunting river which had beckoned and eluded every traveler before him. How I Found Livingstone is a book by Stanley which was published soon after his arrival in England in the late summer of 1872.
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A Brief History of Colonists in South Africa - Noire Histoir - 2 views

noirehistoir.com/...y-of-colonists-in-south-africa Lesedi Mokoena
shared by Lesedi Mokoena on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • it wasn’t until 1652 that a settlement was established by the Dutch East India Company to serve as a supply station where passing ships could replenish their provisions.
  • it wasn’t until 1652 that a settlement was established by the Dutch East India Company to serve as a supply station where passing ships could replenish their provisions.
    • Lesedi Mokoena
      Lesedi Mokoena on 26 Apr 23
       
      All this was successful with influence by guns and etc.
  • Africans were overpowered by European weaponry
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • . Using military force, they pushed Africans
  • Though the Zulus fought valiantly, they faced the British with traditional weapons and outdated firearms with which they were untrained
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Mapping the History of Cotton Textile Production in Precolonial West Africa.pdf - 1 views

diigo.com/0sf7qe Ratau Sejeng History 2A
shared by donclassico on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • he antiquity of cotton cultivation and textile production in West Africa would not be apparent to someone traveling across its present-day landscape, since varieties of New World cotton plants are no
    • donclassico
      donclassico on 26 Apr 23
       
      The past of cotton cultivation and textile production won't be visible in this modern day of age because many world cotton plants have been developed.
  • e era of
    • donclassico
      donclassico on 26 Apr 23
       
      Atlantic trade and colonial rule led to the whole invention of world cotton plants.
  • Africa might go. Surveys published by early twentieth-century botanists attempted to systematically document, identify, and compare plant specimens that had been collected world-wide, including Old World cottons, and suggested among other things that cotton had been widely grown in Africa prior to direct Euro
    • donclassico
      donclassico on 26 Apr 23
       
      20th Century Botanists proved that cotton had been always grown before European and Atlantic slave trade.
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • per Niger bend.3 A more extensive survey by Dalziel indicated that G. herbaceum was still being grown in northern Nigeria and in Kanuri-speaking areas around Lake Chad as w
    • donclassico
      donclassico on 26 Apr 23
       
      It is proven that G.herbaceum has always been grown in parts like Northern Nigeria .This proves that Cotton and textile production was happening in Niger as well according to the 1841 Niger Expedition.
  • orld varieties.' The history of cotton in precolonial Africa is still poorl
    • donclassico
      donclassico on 26 Apr 23
       
      I disagree because this can be fully understood according to 'Textile Production in the Lower Niger Basin: New Evidence from the 1841 Niger Expedition'
  • Artisanal groups such as spinners, weavers, dyers, tailors, and embroiderers developed and honed their skills, created workshops, and marketed their products. They generated and maintained the crucially important links between raw cotton fiber and the purchasers of cotton textiles and garments. Thus tracing the history of cotton and cotton textile production can reveal a great deal about precolonial social an
    • donclassico
      donclassico on 26 Apr 23
       
      This is true because around 1841 in West Africa there we price differences between cotton and textile producers .One of the reasons was the quality of the products and the difference of materials used. For example; In Niger Eggan was selling quality textiles while Yoruba country was selling cheaper products because of the lack of materials available.
  • tern Hemisphere."6 These important consumer markets for textiles predated the direct trade with Europeans, and conditioned its op
    • donclassico
      donclassico on 26 Apr 23
       
      Textile was the major contributor for West Africa to trade with Europeans
  • othesis. No evidence could be found in southern Africa for domestication of the plant there, that is, there was no evidence of its having been cultivated or explo
    • donclassico
      donclassico on 26 Apr 23
       
      G.herbaceum has been proven that it is not naturally from Southern Africa.
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Historical Christian missions and African societies today: Perspectives from economic h... - 1 views

diigo.com/0sf7si Asande Mbatha History 2A
shared by asande on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • These early missions, however, were limited to coastal areas until the early twentieth century with the exception of areas of southern Africa.
    • asande
      asande on 26 Apr 23
       
      History of the missionaries
  • Christian missions used the school as a key tool for evangelizing, and most mission stations were associated with schools
    • asande
      asande on 26 Apr 23
       
      Interesting
  • Another promising line of research has explored the roles of missions in shaping African beliefs, attitudes, norms, and institutions. Nunn (2010) finds that individuals living close to mission stations are more likely to be Christian today
    • asande
      asande on 26 Apr 23
       
      It is a fact
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The import of firearm into West Africa 1750-1807 - 1 views

www.jstor.org/180637 Fezeka Ntando Hlophe 222105736
shared by fezekantando on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • fezekantando on 26 Apr 23
     
    England transport firearms during 18 centuries to help West African countries during wars and gunpowder's. There were lot of guns imported to West Africa than any part of the world and as the time goes it was prohibited to transport firearms to West Africa
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Library - Diigo - 1 views

www.diigo.com/nompilomkhize Nompilo Mkhize 222027454
shared by nompilomkhize on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • nompilomkhize on 26 Apr 23
     
    The picture depicts children( children who were traded by their families for slavery when they were unable to pay taxes to the kings or landlords in Ethiopia) men and women who were enslaved to do domestic work in the royal palace or gold mining and cultivation in order to grow the economy of Ethiopia.
  • cinderellaochu on 07 May 23
     
    This image is not shared correctly.
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