Skip to main content

Home/ University of Johannesburg History 2A 2023/ Group items tagged Neo Setumonyane

Rss Feed Group items tagged

Filter: All | Bookmarks | Topics Simple Middle
neosetumonyane

February 17, 1883 - Document - Nineteenth Century Collections Online - 5 views

go.gale.com/...retrieve.do

Neo Setumonyane

shared by neosetumonyane on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • possession
  • to
  • to
  • ...16 more annotations...
  • to
  • to
  • possession
  • possession
  • possession
  • possession
  • to
  • possession
  • possession
  • possession
  • The possession of the Congo would give to any enterprising men with sufficient capital the com¬ mand of almost all the west coast ivory trade, more than half the Zanzibar ivory trade, fully three- quarters of the Mozambique ivory trade, and also tap the countries from which the Nile traders draw their supplies. <ť All these present ivory trades, notwithstanding what has been done to stop the Slave Trade by sea, are worked in concert with and by means of the Slave Trade.
  • in the name of Her Majesty Queen Victoria of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India, Australia, Canada, &c, &c, and her heirs and successors, take possession of those uncivilized countries explored and to be explored by her subjects in Central Africa, comprising the Basin of the Ugarrowwa (supposed to be the River Congo)
  • T
  • his letter was sent to the Colonial Office
  • I took possession of the Basins of the Congo, &c, subject to the approval of Her Majesty, the Houses of Parliament, and Her Majesty's Ministers.
  • Queen Victoria
neosetumonyane

The East African Ivory Trade in the Nineteenth Century.pdf - 2 views

Neo Setumonyane History 2A

shared by neosetumonyane on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • THE East African ivory trade is an ancient one. It is mentioned in the
  • first accounts of geographers and travellers, and they give it more promi
    • neosetumonyane
      neosetumonyane on 26 Apr 23
       
      R.W Beachery explains that the Ivory Trade has been in existence for a long time.
  • nence
  • ...29 more annotations...
  • the
  • East African ivory is soft ivory and is ideal for carving. It was in keen demand in the Orient because of its superior quality and because it was less expensive than that from south-east Asia. But in addition to the markets of the East, East African ivory was much sought after in Europe for the large ivory carving centres which had grown up in southern Germany and in the Low Countries during the Middle Ages, and which supplied large numbers of religious reliquaries and artistic novelties f
    • neosetumonyane
      neosetumonyane on 26 Apr 23
       
      Ivory from East Africa was different from the one used at Zinj, The one from East Africa was used for carving in European countries
  • ships around
    • neosetumonyane
      neosetumonyane on 26 Apr 23
       
      A headland in the Puntland region in Somalia
  • ages. Al Masudi, writing in the early Ioth century says that elephants were extremely common in the land of Zinj, and that it was from this country that large elephant tusks were obtained: 'Most of the ivory is carried to Oman whence it is sent to India and China'.
    • neosetumonyane
      neosetumonyane on 26 Apr 23
       
      Ivory was taken from Elephant tusks and then exported to countries such as India and China
  • than
  • 'How many slaves, how many women, how much palm-wine, how many objects for the gratification of lust and vanity are purchased by the Galla, Wanika, Wakamba and Swahili with the ivory which they bring to the coast.'4
    • neosetumonyane
      neosetumonyane on 26 Apr 23
       
      People and resources were exploited because of the Ivory trade
  • Ivory no doubt, when combined with free porterage in the form of slaves, was highly lucrative, for both could be sold at the coast, and the profit from slaves was in a sense baksheesh
    • neosetumonyane
      neosetumonyane on 26 Apr 23
       
      The trading of slaves and Ivory were sometimes mixed
  • Unyanyembe (Tabora) in what is now central Tanzania
    • neosetumonyane
      neosetumonyane on 26 Apr 23
       
      Places in Eastern Africa where Ivory was found
  • Ujiji on the east coast of Lake Tanganyika.
  • A pretty woman could be purchased here for 300 cowries and a hundred strings of beads, and she could be traded again for much more in ivory
    • neosetumonyane
      neosetumonyane on 26 Apr 23
       
      Ivory was also used as a form of currency
  • The ivory trader had to know his ivory, which varies from hard to soft. On the whole, the ivory of East Africa is of the soft variety. Th
    • neosetumonyane
      neosetumonyane on 26 Apr 23
       
      Ivory varied from hard to soft
  • Buyers maintained that soft ivory came from areas where water was scarce; for example coastal ivory from near Pangani and Mombasa was never as good as that from the dry, upland regions of the interior. Soft ivory is white, opaque, and smooth, it is gently curved, and easily worked, and has what might be called 'spring'. Hard ivory, on the other hand, is translucent, glossy and of a heavier specific gravity than soft ivory; it is more subject to extremes of temperature and more difficult to carve.
    • neosetumonyane
      neosetumonyane on 26 Apr 23
       
      Ivory from Congo was categorised as soft Ivory
  • armlets and bangles.14 Female tusks, being softer and malleable, were highly prized for billiard balls for the American market.
    • neosetumonyane
      neosetumonyane on 26 Apr 23
       
      Ivory from the tusks of female elephants were much softer and considered more valuable because they were easy to carve
  • ughout the nineteenth century, East Africa ranked as the foremost source of ivory in the world; ivory over-topped all rivals, even slaves, in export value, and it
    • neosetumonyane
      neosetumonyane on 26 Apr 23
       
      The Ivory from Africa made other countries rich while Africa remained poor
  • traders. The task of obtaining perfect tusks was also complicated by their being buried in the elephant's head to a depth of 24 in. or more; a large one mentioned by Baker, was 7 ft. 8 in. long, and was buried nearly 3 ft. in the head. The task of removal was much facilitated by using a steel axe, which the Arabs usually possessed, but the natives
    • neosetumonyane
      neosetumonyane on 26 Apr 23
       
      Elephants were treated as things that produced Ivory. This was definitely unhuman and cruel. They were hunted down for their tusks
  • The business of ivory trading could only be rendered lucrative by constant extension and development, and this required more capital than the Arab possessed. The first Europeans to arrive on the East African coast had found the ivory trade largely in the hands of the Indian merchants at Zan
    • neosetumonyane
      neosetumonyane on 26 Apr 23
       
      The Europeans took the Ivory trade business from Indian merchants
  • The Indian merchants, by and large, were not an attractive lot. They were jealous of their trade and intensively secre
  • The quest for ivory was never-ending. The price on the world market was remarkably free from fluctuations; no commodity retained such a stable price as did ivory in the nineteenth century
    • neosetumonyane
      neosetumonyane on 26 Apr 23
       
      The trade of Ivory thrived during the 19th century.
  • the barter system
    • neosetumonyane
      neosetumonyane on 26 Apr 23
       
      The barter system was a system of exchange in which participants in a transaction directly exchange goods.
  • but increasing
  • competition for ivory resulted in its being forcibly taken from the Afri
    • neosetumonyane
      neosetumonyane on 26 Apr 23
       
      Although much of the Ivory was from Africa, Africans never benefited from it.
  • What was the ultimate destination of the thousands of tusks of ivory shipped every year from East Africa? A vast quantity went to England, where the Victorian love of ornate furnishing and decor was expressed in ivory inlay work in myriad forms, ranging from ivory-handled umbrellas to ivory snuff boxes and chessmen.
    • neosetumonyane
      neosetumonyane on 26 Apr 23
       
      It is very sad to hear that African people and their resources were exploited while they got nothing out of it. It was very unjust of the Europeans to take all of that Ivory for their own success.
  • John Petherick
    • neosetumonyane
      neosetumonyane on 26 Apr 23
       
      He was a Welsh traveller, trader and consul in East Central Africa
  • and barbarous.25 Schweinfurth remarked: 'Since not only the males with their large and valuable tusks, but the females also with the young, are included in this wholesale and indiscriminate slaughter, it may be easily imagined how year by year the noble animal is fast
    • neosetumonyane
      neosetumonyane on 26 Apr 23
       
      Elephants were not spared and Iron traders did not care whether they would be extinct or not. These traders are depicted as selfish and cruel people who only cared about making money.
  • The last region to be exploited for its ivory
  • ion
    • neosetumonyane
      neosetumonyane on 26 Apr 23
       
      The Masai people are an ethnic group inhabiting, northern, central and southern Kenya and Northern Tanzania
  • In the middle and later nineteenth century, before the rise of the Mahdi in the Sudan, Khartoum, from which so much of this ivory trade emanated, was no longer a small garrison town at the junction of the White and Blue Nile; it had become a cosmopolitan entrepot. Here prosperous ivory merchants such as the Maltese de Bono and the Greek Alaro had their beautiful houses, furnished in luxurious and opulent
    • neosetumonyane
      neosetumonyane on 26 Apr 23
       
      Some towns were able to develop as a result of the Ivory trade
  • 5 Rhino horn had a more exclusive use in the East, where it was, and still is, ground into powder and sold for love potions and medi
    • neosetumonyane
      neosetumonyane on 26 Apr 23
       
      It is very disturbing to discover that hundreds of elephants are killed every year just for their tusks to make things such powder
  • The East African ivory trade is an ancient one: East African ivory is soft ivory and is ideal for carving, and was always in great demand. It figures prominently in the earliest reference to trading activities on the East African Coast. But the great development came in the nineteenth century when an increased demand for ivory in America and Europe coincided with the opening up of East Africa by Arab traders and European explorers. The onslaught on the ivory resources of the interior took the form of a two-way thrust-from the north by the Egyptians who penetrated into the Sudan and Equatoria, and by the Arabs
    • neosetumonyane
      neosetumonyane on 26 Apr 23
       
      This journal article was very interesting to read and it certainly taught me a lot about the trade in Ivory. I was however very shook to discover the cruelty that people showed towards elephants just because they wanted to make money out of their tusks.
neosetumonyane

Google Image Result - 1 views

www.google.com/imgres

Neo Setumonyane

shared by neosetumonyane on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • neosetumonyane on 26 Apr 23
     
    A picture depicting the History of the ivory slave trade
1 - 5 of 5
Showing 20▼ items per page