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mpilonhlezulu73

Missionary Labours and Scenes in Southern Africa; by Robert Moffatt. Twenty-Three Years... - 2 views

go.gale.com/...retrieve.do

Mpilonhle Zulu

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mpilonhlezulu73

missionaryII - 1 views

Mpilonhle Zulu

shared by mpilonhlezulu73 on 24 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • mpilonhlezulu73 on 24 Apr 23
     
    image of christian missionary in Africa
thutomatlhoko

We Shall Build, History 2A.pdf - 1 views

Thuto Matlhoko History 2A The Zulu Kingdom

shared by thutomatlhoko on 24 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • thutomatlhoko on 24 Apr 23
     
    The article is about a meeting which took place in the Town Hall at Rondebosch regarding the Episcopal Synod , the speakers were Bishops of Johannesburg, Damaraland and Zululand, who were under the chairmanship of the Archbishop. The article described Zulu people as Africa's best race, as it stated that their African traits of courage as well as loyalty, which almost amounts to the respect and worship they have for their chief, they were also seen as valuable assets.
magadaniviva

Guns, Race, and Skill in Nineteenth-Century Southern Africa.pdf - 4 views

Tshinakaho Magadani

shared by magadaniviva on 24 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • it seems. South Africa's "gun society" originated in the seventeenth century, when the Dutch East India Company encouraged the European settlers of the Cape of Good Hope to procure firearms and to serve in th
    • magadaniviva
      magadaniviva on 24 Apr 23
       
      William has written the history about how guns were introduced in South Africa by the Europeans.
  • itia. The European farmers (called Boers) who crossed the colonial boundaries into the African interior
    • magadaniviva
      magadaniviva on 24 Apr 23
       
      Africans where first given firearms by Europeans farmers.
  • icans
    • magadaniviva
      magadaniviva on 24 Apr 23
       
      a firearm is a weapon or a pistol that is used mostly in wars.
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • cs. Settler perceptions of the threat posed by armed Africans persuaded British conservatives to portray Africans as skilled with firearms, even as they otherwise characterized Africans as racially infer
    • magadaniviva
      magadaniviva on 24 Apr 23
       
      they way Africans were using firearms made the British conservatives to realize that they were not less skilled but otherwise they knew a lot.
  • ad, by the end of the nineteenth century, become more myth than reali
    • magadaniviva
      magadaniviva on 24 Apr 23
       
      the Boers were the ones who were always said to be skilled but British did not believe that as they just witnessed the opposite as Africans were doing exceptionally well with guns.
  • ms. The contributors greatly advanced our knowledge of firearms in southern Africa, but they arrived at some unexamined and contradictory conclusions about skill. Relying on colonial descriptions of African peoples of the region, they characterized the Khoisan and Griqua as skilled with weapons, a facility that enabled them to resist colonialism for a w
    • magadaniviva
      magadaniviva on 24 Apr 23
       
      some Africans were hunters and they used bows and arrows when hunting and it was about aiming for the target, when they were introduced to the guns and they used the same skill they used with arrows.
ayabonga

The Portuguese in Nyassaland ( ivory trade in Blantyre Malawi) - 2 views

www.tandfonline.com/...VRJ9RRMNAGSP8SKZEWWT

Valentine Ayabonga Gomdwe 222087850

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  • ayabonga on 24 Apr 23
     
    Nyasaland, now known as Malawi, was a British , protectorate, in east Africa from the late 19th century until it gained independence in 1964. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the ivory trade was a economic activity in the region. Portuguese traders were involved in the ivory in Nyasaland during the 19th century. they established trading posts along the Coast of East Africa and trading with local African tribes for ivory, which was then shipped to Europe and America. however, as Nyasaland, was under British protection , the British authorities soon began to regulate the ivory trade in the region. the British established monopoly over the trade and required all ivory to be sold through licenced British traders. as a result, the Portuguese involvement in the ivory trade in Nyasaland declined significantly, and was relatively short-lived and was ultimately overshadowed by the British and over the trade regions.
emmanuelmbatha

Griqualand West | South African History Online - 4 views

www.sahistory.org.za/...griqualand-west

Emmanuel Mbatha History 2A

shared by emmanuelmbatha on 24 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • discovery of diamonds in South Africa in 1866 resulted in a flood of treasure hunters
    • emmanuelmbatha
      emmanuelmbatha on 24 Apr 23
       
      Discovery of resources like the diamonds devastated the economy and lot of people were killed because everyone wanted their hands in these resources.
  • Boer republics of the Orange Free State
    • emmanuelmbatha
      emmanuelmbatha on 24 Apr 23
       
      Boers were the people who firstly moved interior of South Africa.
  • British sailor called Stafford Parker organised his fellow countrymen and drove all the Transvaal officials out of the area.
    • emmanuelmbatha
      emmanuelmbatha on 24 Apr 23
       
      The conflict started when British wanted these resources from the Boers and their war was mostly taking place in the Orange river.
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • Parker was also chosen as President It was also called the Digger's Republic and the Republic of Griqualand West
    • emmanuelmbatha
      emmanuelmbatha on 24 Apr 23
       
      The reason it was called Diggers Republic and the Republic of Griqualand west was because that's where the diamond mines where located and where British wanted to move them away.
emmanuelmbatha

The Transvaal and the Orange Free State - 1 views

www.tandfonline.com/...00369229908733099

Emmanuel Mbatha History 2A

shared by emmanuelmbatha on 24 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • emmanuelmbatha on 24 Apr 23
     
    For directing to the original source from Tylor and Francis because the pdf document don't allow to open the first 3 pages.
mkharikagiso55

Reconstructing the past Using the British Parliamentary Papers: The Anglo-Zulu War of 1... - 2 views

Kagiso Mkhari

shared by mkharikagiso55 on 24 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • kaMpande, who was crowned the Zulu king in 1873, mobilized the Zulu army, which had become weak under his father's (Mpande's) rule. Many of the basic principles of the army came from the Zulu king, Shaka. "When faced with [the 1879 British] invasion, the Zulu king could put 30,000 men into the field in an attempt to preserve the Zulu state."
  • These Boers wanted to acquire more land and gradually they began moving into the northwestern part of Zululand.17 Cetshwayo's foreign policy prior to 1877 was built on an alliance with the British in Natal, but then in April of that year Sir Theophilus Shepstone, the long-time friend of the Zulu, helped to bring about the annexation of the Transvaal, which made it a British colony. Then the boundary dispute became a British-Zulu question, rather than strictly a Boer-Zulu problem.
  • Boer-Zulu problem.18 During this same time period, Lord Carnarvon, the Colonial Secretary in London, sent Sir Bartle Frere to South Africa to put his plan for the federation of African states into effect. Neither Frere nor Carnavon knew much about South Africa, and neither man understood the situation's complexity. They did not comprehend how the people they wanted to unite differed, nor did they understand the traditional history of hostilities among the people of the area
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • , the appointed High Commissioner of Native Affairs and Governor of Cape Colony, concluded that the Zulu nation was an obstacle in the path to federation, and he decided that the Zulu king, the Zulu people, and, especially, the Zulu army had to be conquered. Frere began preparing the British government for any future action that he might be forced to take by sending reports to England on how "barbaric" and "uncivilized" the Zulu were, and how they were a threat to the British in Natal.21
  • Frere argued that the Zulu king and his army were about to open a full-scale war against the British. He took it upon himself, without consulting with the Colonial Office, to send Cetshwayo an ultimatum. Frere revealed the findings of the Boundary Commission to the king's messengers at the same time he issued the ultimatum, 11 December 1878.27 Frere made numerous demands on the king, designed to be "guarantees for the future and reparation for the
  • he was unable to meet the deadline, and Frere refused to extend it. Thus, British troops entered Zululand on 11 January 1879 to carry out Chelmsford's plan of attack
ramzeey

The Cape Dutch Reformed Church Mission in Malawi: A Preliminary Historical Examination ... - 1 views

Fulufhele Malise

shared by ramzeey on 24 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • The Mission entered Malawi in 1889 from the Cape Province of South
  • frica. Whereas the Cape D.R.C.M. opened work in Malawi and, later, in
  • Zimbabwe, its initial efforts in Zambia were transferred early and quickly placed under the sway of the Orange Free State (D.R.C.M.) branch which expanded its operations from Magwero in Chipata (former Fort Jameson) district.
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • In nineteenth century Africa the "scramble" and "imperialism" involved missionaries as well
  • rom Catholic Portugal now pressing northwards from Mozambique. The political situation in Malawi around the 1880s was extremely fragile as the Portuguese operating from Mozambique strove to establish their territorial claims to the Malawi area "infiltrated" by the British missio
  • ns,'5 as Blantyre Mission of the Church of Scotland dominated the southern region with its headquarters at Blantyre in the Shire Highlands. Murray's choice of Mvera in central Malawi was influenced not only by the salubrious climate in these Dowa highlands but also by its closeness to Mtsala, a lake 'port' for mail and other traffic. Besides, Mvera's position on a slave route in Chiwere's country meant that the mission would help to check this human traffic. This anti-slavery strategy sometimes failed to work, as was the case with Livingstonia Mission16 at Cape Maclear, and also Blantyre Mission to a considerable degree. However, the opening of the first D.R.C.M. Station on 28th November, 1889 in a Ngoni chief's country represented in itself a strategic breakthrough at least in the local political situatio
    • ramzeey
      ramzeey on 24 Apr 23
       
      This means that even though missionaries came to SA to spread the gospel but they were also involvled in scramble of Africa and the imperialism.
  • School The village school was not the creation of the D.R.C.M. but it appealed to them in the formulation of their policy on the African's educational needs. The Dutch generally saw Africans as second class citizens, "les damnes de la terre" with no special social organization22 conducive to a civilized mode of life
  • . With their South African origins the Ngoni were people with resolve and discipline of potential use in spreading the missionary message. D.R.C.M. progress in its expansion programme was evident right from the early years of its arrival;'8 by 1923 it was operating ten mission stations which served as control and coordinating centers of the village schools which by 1927 numbered 727 against 343 of Blantyre and 399 of Livingstonia
    • ramzeey
      ramzeey on 24 Apr 23
       
      The explorers now had messengers that sent message on their behalf the Ngoni.The explorers implemented 343 of Blantyre and 399 of Livingstonia schools
    • ramzeey
      ramzeey on 24 Apr 23
       
      The Mission was from SA and came to Malawi in 1889 and later branch was opened in Zimbabwe.This means the explorers were trying to spread the word of God in African countries.
    • ramzeey
      ramzeey on 24 Apr 23
       
      There was political tension between the Portuguese ruling Mozambique and the British missionaries in Malawi.The Portuguese wants to take full control of Malawi.
    • ramzeey
      ramzeey on 24 Apr 23
       
      The missionaries undermined Africans as they viewed Africans as second class, this was because of the different cultural background as they saw African Culture as barbaric and theirs as superior.The level of education was not the same another factor that contributed to Africans being undermined.
tkm221092301

Slavery - The National Archives - 3 views

www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/...slavery

Talita Kumi Makhubele 221092301

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zethembiso

Janet J.Ewald.pdf - 4 views

Zethembiso Xaba 222101794 History 2A

shared by zethembiso on 24 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • What sustained the Red Sea slave trade in the nineteenth century? In this paper, I explore how the trade continued through the participation of three groups of people: those drawn into the trade against their will, the slaves; those who trafficked in slaves, buying them in Africa and transporting them across the Red Sea; and those who profited in Arabia from either putting slaves to work or reselling them
    • zethembiso
      zethembiso on 24 Apr 23
       
      Janet J. Ewald mentioned these different reasons which made the Red Sea slave trade to continue for a long time
  • 1820 Egyptian invasion of the south, the Nile valley system expanded violently and rapidly to include most of the vast territory that is now the Republic of the Sudan.
    • zethembiso
      zethembiso on 24 Apr 23
       
      On 1890 that is when there was an intrusion of the Egyptians, which came out with more violent and Brutal.
  • From the sixteenth through to the eighteenth centuries, the rulers of Sudanese kingdoms supervised exports of slaves via both overland routes to Egypt and Red Sea crossings to the Arabian Peninsula or other Asian destinations.
    • zethembiso
      zethembiso on 24 Apr 23
       
      During the period of 1501-1600(16 century) and the period of 1701-1800(18 century) the Sudans territory directed the way of exporting the slaves both overland routs to Egypt and the Red Sea.
  • ...13 more annotations...
  • Seldom
  • After the late 1820s, slaves taken in ghazwas increasingly passed into the hands of traders rather than into military service
  • In the 1830s traders, many of them itinerant jallaba, brought into Egypt possibly as many as 10,000 to 12,000 Sudanese slaves who represented perhaps two-thirds of all captives. 12
  • In 1840, the French consul at Jidda reported that 500 slaves entered that city from Suakin. 13 And Suakin's slave trade appears to have declined with an overall decline in slave exports during the 1840s and 1850s. In 1856, Suakin was estimated to supply only 300 of the 8,550 slaves annually imported into the Hijaz and Yemen. 14
  • Estimates of the numbers of slaves arriving in the Arabian peninsula during the 1870s alone fluctuated even more drastically, from 1,500 to 30,000 people imported annually
    • zethembiso
      zethembiso on 24 Apr 23
       
      estimated, they were not so sure sbout the number of slaves imported.
  • Muhammad
    • zethembiso
      zethembiso on 24 Apr 23
       
      The founder of Islam and the proclaimer of the Qur 'an, Islam's sacred scripture.
  • At that port in March, 1878, authorities seized 15 enslaved children, most of them from the southern Sudan, at a house belonging to one Suakin trader. Another Suakin trader, discovered in the same house,
    • zethembiso
      zethembiso on 24 Apr 23
       
      Even children were sold as slaves also.
  • had brought over 12 of the children from the African port. The children belonged to a much larger group of slaves in Jidda whom authorities could not seize
  • Hajj Musa al-Baghdad
  • Slaves offered new kinds of profits as the economy of the western Arabian peninsula became more closely linked to wider commercia
  • networks
  • The Hijaz and Yemen also became centres of a steamship-borne transit slave trade, as African slaves disembarked from sailing boats and re-embarked on steamers for the Mediterranean or Indian Ocean.
  • Slavery thus did not exist simply as an isolated economic venture, a result of the profits to be made from slave labour. Nor did the Red Sea slave trade continue because of any supposed inherent and universal bias toward slavery in Islamic societies.
    • zethembiso
      zethembiso on 24 Apr 23
       
      Reasons for the slave trade in Red Sea.
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