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Home/ University of Johannesburg History 2A 2023/ Contents contributed and discussions participated by nontobekomadondo

Contents contributed and discussions participated by nontobekomadondo

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european-missionaries-st-stephens-jogoo-rd-nbi-rabai-museum-066-m_orig.jpg (5... - 4 views

www.atikaschool.org/...bi-rabai-museum-066-m_orig.jpg Cebolenkosi Ndlovu history 2A
shared by ceborh on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
    • nontobekomadondo
      nontobekomadondo on 26 Apr 23
       
      There were a variety of humanitarian, economic, political, and sociological reasons why Christian missionaries came to East Africa and Africa in general. The Portuguese were the first to bring Christianity to the coast of east Africa in the 15th century, but their efforts were not very successful. The goal of the missionaries was to bring Christianity to the people of East Africa. The holy gospel would be preached and taught in order to encourage conversions to Christianity. They desired to combat the East African slave trade. Abolishing the slave trade in East Africa was something that earlier adventurers like John Speke and James Grant, H.M. Stanley, Dr. David Livingstone, and others had documented. They intended to convert people to Christianity while keeping an eye on how Islam was spreading in East Africa from the shore. Some missionaries arrived as a result of invitations from certain African chiefs. For instance, Mutesa I of Buganda sent a letter welcoming missionary to his country through H.M. Stanley.
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Re-examining initial encounters between Christian missionaries and the Xhosa, 1820-1850... - 1 views

www.tandfonline.com/...00232089985310021 Nontobeko Madondo History 2A
shared by nontobekomadondo on 23 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • The Xhosa chiefs were quite circumspect in their initial dealings with the missionaries. By this time the Xhosa were well aware of the results of European contact and understandably chary of the missionaries. Ostensibly the various mission societies needed the permission of local chiefs to establish stations in Xhosaland, but with the knowledge that the missionaries were nominally supported by the British colonial government the chiefs had little option but to comply.
    • nontobekomadondo
      nontobekomadondo on 23 Apr 23
       
      The Xhosa chiefs were wary of European contact, but were forced to agree due to the British colonial administration's funding. This also somehow emphasize the colonializers power over the colonized countries.
  • When Scottish missionaries moved into Xhosaland in the early 1820s, they found that they had chosen to establish their stations on one of the most troubled sections of the Cape colonial frontier. This disruption was the result of clashes between two expanding groups, the Western (Rharabe) Xhosa and the Europeans who were attempting to move into one another's territory. Xhosa-speaking people had been settled in this area for centuries. 4 Population pressure, secessional disputes left: 560.4px; top: 585.97px; font-size: 15.6px; font-family: sans-serif;
    • nontobekomadondo
      nontobekomadondo on 23 Apr 23
       
      The conflict between the Western (Rharabe) Xhosa and the Europeans in Xhosaland in the 1820s caused a disturbance of the Cape colonial boundary, leading to five border wars before the British conquered them in 1847.
  • Acceptance of missionaries and mission stations, however, did not mean that the chiefs were prepared to accept Christianity or to acknowledge missionary authority in any way.
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • Acceptance of missionaries and mission stations, however, did not mean that the chiefs were prepared to accept Christianity or to acknowledge missionary authority in any way.
    • nontobekomadondo
      nontobekomadondo on 23 Apr 23
       
      But accepting missionaries and mission sites did not imply that the chiefs were ready to adopt Christianity or to recognize in any manner the authority of missionaries.
  • The first mission to the Xhosa had been established by J T van der Kemp in 1799, the second by Joseph Williams and his wife Elizabeth, who set up a station on the Kat River in 1816.
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European missionaries in southern Africa: the role of the missionaries | South African ... - 10 views

www.sahistory.org.za/...thern-africa-role-missionaries Bonolo Morajane Student no.222039298 History 2A
shared by morajane on 14 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • desire to genuinely serve humanity and bring about material and social changes which would improve its quality of life.
    • nontobekomadondo
      nontobekomadondo on 14 Apr 23
       
      The main purpose of European missionaries in Southern Africa, to improve the standard of living and the reduction of poverty.
  • involvement in local agriculture, irrigation and technology which, being environmental and hence independent of larger cultural issues, found a small measure of acceptance in rural society
  • impose an alien morality and work ethos upon the local people without realising that these undermined their most basic social and cultural tenets and were therefore largely resisted
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  • stated that only 12% of people on mission settlements were there for "spiritual" reasons.
    • nontobekomadondo
      nontobekomadondo on 14 Apr 23
       
      Some scholars believe that missionaries pretended as if their intentions is to improve the lives of Africans, however they had their own personal reasons of which benefited them the most.
  • material advantage or psychological security
    • nontobekomadondo
      nontobekomadondo on 14 Apr 23
       
      These are reasons scholars states that missionaries were in Africa for.
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Missionary Successes and Negro Converts.pdf - 1 views

diigo.com/0s8mdz Nontobeko Madondo History 2A
shared by nontobekomadondo on 08 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • sulting in manufacturing the male converts into thieves and liars, and the female into prostitutes; secondly, that the Christian missionaries had entirely failed in making any real converts; leaving us the inference that the negro, owing to some hitherto unknown peculiarity, i
    • nontobekomadondo
      nontobekomadondo on 08 Apr 23
       
      Burnard Owen disagree to the argument made by Reade stating that Christian missionaries failed to convert negros, Owen provides the number of successes by the Christian missionaries to negros.
  • We are also told the negroes have become industrious, and skilled so far in various trades, as masons, carpenters, tailors, blacksmiths, etc, that upwards of six hundred maintain themselves, "relieving the government from all expense on their personal account." Many of their heathenish customs have been forsaken ; " not an oath had been heard in the town for a twelvemonth, nor had any been seen drunk; attend? ance on public worship is regular and l
  • The Report of the year 1822 is equally favourable. The Chief Justice of Sierra Leone, at the September quarter sessions, observed " That ten years ago, when the population was only 4000, forty cases were in the calendar for trial, now the population is upwards of 16,000, there are only six. It is remarkable that not a single case for trial is from any of the villages under the superintendence of a missionary or schoolmaster."|| At these quarter sessions some of the liberated Africans sat as jurors, "to the entire satisfaction of those concerned."^" The reports of the African Institution for 1821, 1822, and 18213, and other public documents, all speak favourably of the progress commercially and moral
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  • ell observed, in his opinion, as any where in Scotland. He says, ?" Looking at the change effected among the people, ancl comparing the masses here with what we find at parts along the coast, where the benign influences of Christianity have had no effect, ' the man' even ' who has no nonsense about him' would be obliged to confess that England had done some good by her philanthropy, aye, ancl an amount of good that will look grand in the eyes of p
    • nontobekomadondo
      nontobekomadondo on 08 Apr 23
       
      These also highlights the success of Christian missionaries in converting negros.
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Efforts of Missionaries among Savages.pdf - 4 views

diigo.com/0s8m8t Nontobeko Madondo History 2A
shared by nontobekomadondo on 08 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • men, I shall examine into those causes which choke the growth of Christianity
    • nontobekomadondo
      nontobekomadondo on 08 Apr 23
       
      Mr Reade argues on the failure of missioneries in converting Africans/negroes into Christians.
  • No one will be rash enough, I presume, to say that God created these wretched creatures in order to punish them hereafter ; ancl I have already shown that Christian missions do not tend to elevate them in the moral scale.
    • nontobekomadondo
      nontobekomadondo on 08 Apr 23
       
      Reade argues that the missionaries didn't change negros to better people/ Christians however only worsened them.
  • Mr. Dibley remarked, that it was generally agreed that the differ? ences of belief among Christian missionaries was a great cause of their failure
    • nontobekomadondo
      nontobekomadondo on 08 Apr 23
       
      The missioneries had different beliefs amongst themselves, they believed that one God is three, of which was a bloc to the success of converting negroes into Christians
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