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morajane

European missionaries in southern Africa: the role of the missionaries | South African ... - 10 views

www.sahistory.org.za/...thern-africa-role-missionaries

Bonolo Morajane Student no.222039298 History 2A

shared by morajane on 14 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • desire to genuinely serve humanity and bring about material and social changes which would improve its quality of life.
    • nontobekomadondo
      nontobekomadondo on 14 Apr 23
       
      The main purpose of European missionaries in Southern Africa, to improve the standard of living and the reduction of poverty.
  • involvement in local agriculture, irrigation and technology which, being environmental and hence independent of larger cultural issues, found a small measure of acceptance in rural society
  • impose an alien morality and work ethos upon the local people without realising that these undermined their most basic social and cultural tenets and were therefore largely resisted
  • ...9 more annotations...
  • stated that only 12% of people on mission settlements were there for "spiritual" reasons.
    • nontobekomadondo
      nontobekomadondo on 14 Apr 23
       
      Some scholars believe that missionaries pretended as if their intentions is to improve the lives of Africans, however they had their own personal reasons of which benefited them the most.
  • material advantage or psychological security
    • nontobekomadondo
      nontobekomadondo on 14 Apr 23
       
      These are reasons scholars states that missionaries were in Africa for.
  • "Their bottomless superstitions, their vile habits and heathen customs - their system of polygamy and witchcraft - their incessant beer-drinks and heathen dances which are attended by unspeakable abominations - these present a terrible barrier to the spread of Christianity and civilization." (Wilkinson 1898)
  • desire to genuinely serve humanity and bring about material and social changes which would improve its quality of life.
    • morajane
      morajane on 25 Apr 23
       
      The purpose of missionaries
  • stated that only 12% of people on mission settlements were there for "spiritual" reasons.
    • morajane
      morajane on 25 Apr 23
       
      The conversion- the influence that the missionaries had
  • material advantage or psychological security
    • morajane
      morajane on 25 Apr 23
       
      they used Christianity for their own gains
  • The first manifested itself in an
  • Without doubt it is a far more costly thing to kill the (indigenous population) than to Christianise them." (Warneck 1888)
  • No polygamist shall be allowed to become a member of this church. He who sells his daughter or sister treats her like a cow, and cannot be received into this church. No member of this church shall be permitted to attend a wedding if beer is drunk there, although he may have been invited to it. No member of this church is allowed to go where there is slaughtering for the departed spirits."
  • morajane on 25 Apr 23
     
    This article talks about the role of missionaries in the 19th century, how Christianity changed the way people in Southern Africa lived
morajane

Missionaries and Morals: Climatic Discourse in Nineteenth-Century Central Southern Afri... - 1 views

Bonolo Morajane Student no.222039298 History 2A

shared by morajane on 25 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • Georgina H. Endfield* and David J. N
    • morajane
      morajane on 25 Apr 23
       
      Georgina and David have written about Missionaries and Morals
  • ents. This article employs a range of unpublished and published missionary correspondence and travelogues to examine two
  • key aspects regarding the conceptualization of and responses to climatic variability in the
    • morajane
      morajane on 25 Apr 23
       
      Focus of the journal article Focus: Missionary correspondence
  • ...36 more annotations...
  • positioned climate variability within a moral economic framework and illustrate their attitude towards local drought myths and rainmaking superstitions
  • nge. Second, we examine the introduction of irrigation technology to the region by the missionarie
    • morajane
      morajane on 25 Apr 23
       
      What is to be discussed (2)
  • nmental i
  • he local populatio
  • . First, we explore the way in which missionarie
  • Promoters of colonization stressed the propagation of the Christian gospel and conversion of local people as majo
    • morajane
      morajane on 25 Apr 23
       
      Promoters of colonization wanted people to convert to christianity and that was their main goal
  • tu
  • er 1,850 individual lett
    • morajane
      morajane on 25 Apr 23
       
      How they communicated
  • d. The number of items of correspondence per annum increased through? out the course of the nineteenth century as mission sta? tions and missionary activities became more widesp
  • gy, we focus on the way in which missionaries positioned cli? matic variability in this region within a moral economy that equated heathenism with environmental de
  • most appropriate. Such moral obligations were, at the same ti
  • For the missionaries, the upholding of this indige? nous set of beliefs was indeed evidence of fallen society; it also formed a barrier to Christianization, and it had to be dismantled before the civilization process could begi
    • morajane
      morajane on 25 Apr 23
       
      The need for the Southern African population to covert to Christianity
  • ards
  • Africa was one of the earliest fields for missionary enterp
  • he United Brethren, more commonly known as the Moravians, had se
    • morajane
      morajane on 25 Apr 23
       
      Because it was the most influential society in Southern Africa
  • miss
  • Kalahari region of central southern Africa in the nineteenth ce
    • morajane
      morajane on 25 Apr 23
       
      Region of focus
  • Africa in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The LMS disp
  • The populations of
  • , in particular, were regarded as being in urgent need of
    • morajane
      morajane on 25 Apr 23
       
      What they thought about people in the central southern Africa
  • lvation. The missionary's work on behalf of African development was depicted as a generous endeavor and one that would save the "poor benighted" Africans from spiritual d
    • morajane
      morajane on 25 Apr 23
       
      The spread of Christianity in Southern Africa
  • t soon became apparent, however, that the people of southern Africa did possess a reli
  • To begin with, in the absence of any belief in Chris? tianity it was assumed that there was no religion at all among the people ofthe reg
  • ccording to the government agent of the Eastern Cape, the people "had a regular system of superstition which answers all the purposes of any other false relig
    • morajane
      morajane on 25 Apr 23
       
      They believed in superstitions as a form of religion
  • ssionary a
  • Among the most prevalent "problems" recognized by the missionaries was the adherence to superstitions con? cerning the human ability to induce or withhold rainfall and the employment of so-called rainmakers during times of prolonged drough
  • Many different mission? aries consistently attacked rainmaking practices in order to nullify, dismantle, or undermine the religious author? ity of these revered specialists
  • .. I must not dig my garden that day or the rain would not fall."
  • Similar links were drawn between the killing of cer? tain animals and rainfall variability
  • For some communities, missionaries appear to have been considered both the withholders and the bearers of r
  • stoms. The missio
  • ate a society and a
  • lations
  • ere incor
  • tice stood in th
  • Rainmaking was regarded as an obstruction to the uptake of C
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