The dog (Canis lupus familiaris,[2]pronounced /ˈkeɪnɨs ˈluːpəs fəˈmɪli.ɛərɨs/) is a domesticated form of the wolf, a member of the Canidae family of the order Carnivora. The term is used for both feral and pet varieties. The domestic dog has been one of the most widely kept working and companion animals in human history. The word "dog" may also mean the male of a canine species,[3] as opposed to the word "bitch" for the female of the species.[4] Add S