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As more of this gear is installed we begin to see the grid as an extensive two-way communications network, able to collect and transmit information to where it's needed. The next step? Creating the software and setting up the systems that can organize, analyze and ultimately act on the information collected in a way that improves the efficiency, reliability and self-healing capability of our electricity system and makes integration of renewables and distributed generation much easier.

Electrical grids worldwide vary in age and range, but overrall, electrical grid systems are seen as requiring urgent upgrades to meet growing demand. Of course, items such as transformers and power lines are maintained and upgraded by utility companies. However, utitility companies must feel confident about long-term financial terms as well as increasing demand in order to invest. With a now sensitive economy, and perhaps a looming world recession, utility companies are hesitatnt to invest. With, for example, large transformers being ordered years in advance, delaying decisions to invest for too long may lead to a less well performing grid.

"The new link will be particularly significant to the development of a European offshore grid able to integrate increasing levels of offshore wind and marine power in coming decades."

A Cemig (MG) firmou acordo de cooperação com a Agência Norte-Americana para o Comércio e Desenvolvimento, do Governo dos Estados Unidos, garantindo um financiamento a fundo perdido de US$ 710 mil em investimentos. Os recursos serão aplicados no estudo de viabilidade de implementação de redes inteligentes de energia da Cemig e da Light (RJ), em complemento a seu programa de smart grid.

It was reported that Zhejiang Power Grid Company decided to use aluminium cable instead of copper cable in new low voltage power Grid projects. Using 6 km aluminium cable instead of copper in a 100 kV power Grid project cut costs by at least 1.92M yuan. In addition, using 340 m aluminium cable in a 220 kV power Grid project led to investment reduction of 108,000 yuan. Adopting aluminium cable in low voltage power projects can achieve a cost reduction of 40-70%.

Component service life a pace of recapitalization

"Geographic regions will vary significantly in their rates of investment. Emerging markets will represent the largest growth in T&D spending, with Africa and Southeast Asia the fastest growing regions as they build out new infrastructure to boost their electrification rates. However, North America and Europe will see lackluster growth in traditional T&D infrastructure spending of around 1%, but will account for the majority of smart grid spending. The individual country with the largest amount of traditional T&D spending will be India, which will outpace China by 2024. Smart grid annual spending on distribution automation will be concentrated in Europe ($11.5bn per year), followed by North America ($7.5bn) and East Asia ($6.1bn), as these regions modernize their existing electric infrastructure."

"The stationary fuel cell sector continues to be the vanguard of the overall global fuel cell industry. As the focus on grid stability increases and the costs associated with natural disasters rise, the use of fuel cells as small distributed power plants for grid stabilization and backup is moving forward more rapidly, in terms of megawatts and revenue, than any other fuel cell sector. "

BLYTH, NORTHUMBERLAND, UK, August 4, 2008. The New and Renewable Energy Centre (NaREC) in the UK and CENER, National Renewable Energy Centre of Spain are working together to find new ways of generating and distributing power from small-scale renewables within communities. The one year project will investigate ways to allow communities to generate and use their own power from renewable energy resources, in a reliable and cost-effective way. With increasing use of renewable energy sources, a significant amount of interest has developed across Europe in so-called 'smart-grid' systems better capable of transmitting and distributing power from different renewable resources in a reliable, flexible electrical network. The team is currently identifying existing communities within Spain and the UK with populations of between 10 and 25 000 which can be used as test subjects for 'smart-grid' renewable systems. The project aims to demonstrate the most appropriate technical solutions for integrating low carbon power generation technologies into a localised, community-based electrical system.

GE Energy has acquired Kelman Limited of Lisburn, Northern Ireland, a provider of advanced monitoring and diagnostics technologies for transformers, enhancing GE's smart grid product portfolio. GE's smart grid offerings are designed to help utilities increase productivity and reliability of both traditional and renewable energy generating assets, while also providing consumers with information to better manage their electricity use and expenses.

But the investment needed to restore the ageing grid infrastructure has been lacking. In the US, for instance, an estimated $50bn to $75bn would be needed to update the existing infrastructure and give the US what it has never had - a truly national transmission network that would balance the load across the entire country.

This week battery company Saft and power product maker ABB say they are working on "the world's first" high-voltage lithium-ion battery for the power grid.

The road to grid parity for PV power generation will be difficult, needing five or more years to compete with utility power, unsubsidized, on a large scale, noted Mark Thirsk, managing partner at Linx Consulting, at a recent SEMI PV forecast luncheon (Sept. 18) in Santa Clara, CA Most input materials for PV production are in relative oversupply and will not constrain production, Thirsk pointed out - and for this reason manufacturers are conservative about capacity investment. In particular, his PV module production forecast (see Fig. 1, above) shows an overstep in demand in 2008. One reason for suppliers' reluctance to build capacity for entering the silicon supply chain is that it is an inefficient process. "Only about 15% of all the silicon going into the supply chain goes into the wafers, so it's a pretty wasteful and capital intensive process, so there is a lot of reluctance to build capacity," said Thirsk. Despite the efficiency challenges, Thirsk's forecast indicates that an oversupply may occur in 2009 Because >40% of PV grade silicon is lost at the wafering step, Thirsk believes this represents a significant opportunity for the right technology. Additionally, diamond wire is a potential replacement for slurry technology, but this technology is still immature. In the crystalline silicon (c-Si) value chain, Thirsk sees opportunities for optimizing mono-crystalline wafers with metal wrap technology and backside contacts; process optimization and material improvements would improve cell efficiency, and glass, wafer, backsheet, and grid improvements can enable more efficient light capture. Looking ahead, Thirsk told the audience that while thin-film technologies will enjoy strong growth "and may be more attractive to value-add materials and equipment suppliers, thin-film cell production will remain a minority share for the medium term." (see Fig. 3, below) He closed his presentation encouraging the creation of a Moore's Law type of roadmap for the PV