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Economics: A new focus on context and connections - 0 views

  • THE basic principles of economics have not changed—people and firms respond to incentives; demand and supply determine the relative prices of goods, services and even money itself; markets generally allocate resources well and deliver welfare-improving outcomes. However, the notion that markets are always efficient, can be left to themselves and are self-correcting is no longer tenable. Markets do eventually correct but, if allowed free rein, can get so far out of line that the corrections take the form of collapses that can be very painful. 
  • The crisis has highlighted the importance of the government's role in regulating markets to make them function smoothly. At the same time, the government is equally capable of mucking up markets—even well-meaning governments, in the name of improving social welfare (e.g., making housing affordable for everyone), can often create perverse incentives that only foment more instability.
  • In short, the crisis has brought to the fore the complex connections among markets, government and social and economic policies.
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  • The crisis has injected a good dose of humility into the discipline (at least in most corners) and made it much more challenging to teach economics because our existing models are simply too rudimentary to capture all of these connections
  • It is has become even more important to emphasise what economic theory can in fact give us—powerful but narrow insights that should guide our thinking but not dominate them. 
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PBS Is Creating a Channel Exclusively for Children - The New York Times - 0 views

  • “There’s a huge distinction between the content that’s available through other media providers and PBS,” said Lesli Rotenberg, the broadcaster’s general manager of children’s programming. “Even though there may be more, there isn’t necessarily more educational content for kids.”
  • “There are a lot of children, particularly that are home in early prime time, we aren’t able to accommodate them except for on-demand.
  • “Actually, deep into prime time, there are still a lot of kids watching television
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The Upside of Being Ruled by the Five Tech Giants - The New York Times - 0 views

  • ever since I started writing about what I call the Frightful Five, some have said my very premise is off base. I have argued that the companies’ size and influence pose a danger. But another argument suggests the opposite — that it’s better to be ruled by a handful of responsive companies capable of bowing to political and legal pressure. In other words, wouldn’t you rather deal with five horse-size Zucks than 100 duck-size technoforces?
  • Given all the ways that tech can go wrong — as we are seeing in the Russia influence scandal — isn’t it better that we can blame, and demand fixes from, a handful of American executives when things do go haywire?
  • One benefit of having five giant companies in charge of today’s tech infrastructure is that they provide a convenient focus for addressing those problems.
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  • This does not mean they will succeed in fixing every problem their tech creates — and in some cases their fixes may well raise other problems, like questions about their power over freedom of expression. But at least they can try to address the wide variety of externalities posed by tech, which may have been impossible for an internet more fragmented by smaller firms.
  • Rob Atkinson, president of the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, a think tank, and co-author of “Big Is Beautiful,” a coming book that extols the social and economic virtues of big companies.
  • “As long as their innovation rents are recycled into research and development that leads to new products, then what’s to complain about?”
  • At the same time, they are all locked in intense battles for new markets and technologies. And not only do they keep creating new tech, but they are coming at it in diverse ways — with different business models, different philosophies and different sets of ethics.
  • it was perhaps inevitable that we would see the rise of a handful of large companies take control of much of the modern tech business.
  • But it wasn’t inevitable that these companies would be based in and controlled from the United States. And it’s not obvious that will remain the case — the top tech companies of tomorrow might easily be Chinese, or Indian or Russian or European. But for now, that means we are dealing with companies that feel constrained by American laws and values.
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I worked at Facebook. I know how Cambridge Analytica could have happened. - The Washing... - 0 views

  • During my 16 months at Facebook, I called many developers and demanded compliance, but I don’t recall the company conducting a single audit of a developer where the company inspected the developer’s data storage. Lawsuits and outright bans were also very rare. I believe the reason for lax enforcement was simple: Facebook didn’t want to make the public aware of huge weaknesses in its data security.
  • Concerned about the lack of protection for users, in 2012 I created a PowerPoint presentation that outlined the ways that data vulnerabilities on Facebook Platform exposed people to harm, and the various ways the company was trying to protect that data. There were many gaps that left users exposed. I also called out potential bad actors, including data brokers and foreign state actors. I sent the document to senior executives at the company but got little to no response. I had no dedicated engineers assigned to help resolve known issues, and no budget for external vendors.
  • Facebook will argue that things have changed since 2012 and that the company has much better processes in place now. If that were true, Cambridge Analytica would be small side note, a developer that Facebook shut down and sued out of existence in December 2015 when word first got out that it had violated Facebook’s policies to acquire the data of millions. Instead, it appears Facebook used the same playbook that I saw in 2012.
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  • In the wake of this catastrophic violation, Mark Zuckerberg must be forced to testify before Congress and should be held accountable for the negligence of his company. Facebook has systematically failed to enforce its own policies. The only solution is external oversight.
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South Africa's Jacob Zuma abandons rally after being booed - BBC News - 0 views

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    South Africa's scandal-hit President Jacob Zuma has abandoned a May Day rally after he was booed by workers demanding his resignation. Scuffles broke out between Mr Zuma's supporters and opponents, resulting in all speeches being cancelled. The main labour federation, Cosatu, called on Mr Zuma to step down last month after he sacked his widely respected finance minister.
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Big Banks Are 'Fueling Climate Chaos' By Pouring Trillions Into Oil, Gas And Coal | Huf... - 0 views

  • The world’s largest banks have funneled $3.8 trillion into the fossil fuel industry over the last five years, according to new figures published Wednesday. 
  • “Major banks around the world, led by U.S. banks in particular, are fueling climate chaos by dumping trillions of dollars into the fossil fuels that are causing the crisis
  • Though U.S. banks dominate fossil fuel financing, European banks are also big. French bank BNP Paribas, which has pledged to be a leader in climate strategy, provided $40.8 billion in fossil fuel financing in 2020, an increase of 41% from the previous year. Since 2016, the bank’s fossil fuel financing has risen 142%, according to the report.
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  • Financing for the top 35 companies involved in tar sands — one of the most environmentally destructive fossil fuels to extract and process — decreased 27% since 2019, to $16 billion. 
  • “The policies and commitments that banks have put out so far give us no reason to believe they’re going to make these deep emissions cuts that the science demands,”
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US museums hold the remains of thousands of Black people - 1 views

  • Among the human remains in Harvard University’s museum collections are those of 15 people who were probably enslaved African American people.
  • This dehumanizing history of collecting African American bodies as scientific specimens is not a problem just at Harvard.
  • However, scholars and activists across the U.S. are now seeking to recognize and redress the deep history of violence against Black bodies. Museums and society are finally confronting how the desires of science have at times eclipsed the demands of human rights.
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  • By one estimate, the Smithsonian Institution, Cleveland Museum of Natural History and Howard University hold the remains of some 2,000 African Americans among them. The total only increases when considering museums with remains from other populations across the African diaspora.
  • His collection eventually ended up at the University of Pennsylvania. Only last year did the university officially announce the collection had been removed from a shelved display within an archaeology classroom.
  • systematic collection of African American remains, as well as those of people from other marginalized communities, began with the work of Samuel George Morton.
  • Institutions long embraced such collections primarily for the pseudoscientific work of justifying racial hierarchies.
  • The U.S. Senate passed the African American Burial Grounds Network Act in December 2020. This bill would establish a voluntary network to identify and protect often at-risk African American cemeteries.
  • This work is necessary because many of the remains of Black people, like those of Native Americans, were taken without the consent of family, used in ways that contravened spiritual traditions, and treated with less respect than most others in society.
  • Even more importantly, the absence of a coordinated, national effort will mean the delay of justice for thousands of African American ancestors whose bodies have been, and continue to be, desecrated
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Study exposes global ripple effects of regional water scarcity -- ScienceDaily - 1 views

  • Water scarcity is often understood as a problem for regions experiencing drought, but a new study from Cornell and Tufts universities finds that not only can localized water shortages impact the global economy, but changes in global demand send positive and negative ripple effects to water basins across the globe.
  • "Evaluating the economic impact of water scarcity in a changing world," was published March 26 in Nature Communications, and uniquely captures the interdependent effects of global trade consistently with differences in regional climate policies as well as river basin-specific capacity to address water scarcity risks.
  • The researchers coupled physical and economic models to simulate thousands of potential climate futures for 235 major river basins -- a technique known as scenario discovery -- to better understand how water scarcity is a globally-connected phenomenon, with local conditions having reverberations across the globe in industries such as agriculture, energy, transportation and manufacturing.
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  • The study also found that small differences in projections for future climate conditions can yield very large differences in the economic outcomes for water scarcity.
  • A river basin can be considered economically robust if it is able to adapt to drought with alternative sources of water or adjust economic activity to limit usage.
  • The conditions that lead to these tipping points are highly variable from basin to basin, depending on a combination of local factors and global conditions
  • As climate change makes the physical and economic effects of water scarcity more challenging for policy makers to understand, the researchers hope their work will provide the basis for similar analyses and draw attention to the importance of expanded data collection to improve modeling and decision making.
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Some Of Bitcoin Ransom Paid By Colonial Pipeline Recovered By U.S. Government : NPR - 0 views

  • The government has recovered a "majority" of the millions of dollars paid in ransom to hackers behind the cyberattack that prompted last month's shutdown of Colonial Pipeline, officials announced Monday.
  • investigators discovered that the criminal group and its affiliates have been digitally stalking U.S. companies and intentionally targeting victims that are "key players in our nation's critical infrastructure"
  • The ransom was paid in bitcoins by Colonial Pipeline on the same day it was demanded by DarkSide
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  • he money has been recovered by the department's recently launched Ransomware and Digital Extortion Task Force.
  • "The sophisticated use of technology to hold businesses and even whole cities hostage for profit is decidedly a 21st century challenge
  • "The threat of severe ransomware attacks pose a clear and present danger to your organization, to your company, to your customer, to your shareholders and to your long-term success."
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WHO Team Arrives In Wuhan To Investigate Coronavirus Pandemic Origins | HuffPost - 0 views

  • Scientists suspect the virus that has killed more than 1.9 million people since late 2019 jumped to humans from bats or other animals, most likely in China’s southwest.
  • Fifteen team members were to arrive in Wuhan on Thursday, but two tested positive for coronavirus antibodies before leaving Singapore
  • The team includes virus and other experts from the United States, Australia, Germany, Japan, Britain, Russia, the Netherlands, Qatar and Vietnam.
    • cvanderloo
       
      They all will have different perspectives which is crucial.
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  • China rejected demands for an international investigation after the Trump administration blamed Beijing for the virus’s spread, which plunged the global economy into its deepest slump since the 1930s.
  • The coronavirus’s exact origin may never be traced because viruses change quickly, Woolhouse said
  • pinning down an outbreak’s animal reservoir is typically an exhaustive endeavor that takes years of research including taking animal samples, genetic analysis and epidemiological studies.
  • he incident “raises the question if the Chinese authorities were trying to interfere,”
  • Beijing retaliated by blocking imports of Australian beef, wine and other goods.
    • cvanderloo
       
      This feels very petty to me.
  • A year after the virus was first detected in Wuhan, the city is now bustling, with few signs that it was once the epicenter of the outbreak in China. But some residents say they’re still eager to learn about its origin.
  • covering closely related viruses might help explain how the disease first jumped from animals and clarify what preventive measures are needed to avoid future epidemics.
  • “Now is not the time to blame anyone,” Shih said. “We shouldn’t say, it’s your fault
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Jacksonville Jaguars hire Urban Meyer as head coach - CNN - 0 views

  • three-time national champion as a college football coach -- will now lead the Jacksonville Jaguars, the team announced Thursday.
  • "Urban Meyer is who we want and need, a leader, winner and champion who demands excellence and produces results
  • Meyer had a 187-32 record during head coaching stints at Ohio State, Florida, Utah and Bowling Green.
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  • That final season with the Buckeyes also was one with controversy. Meyer was suspended for three games without pay in the wake of an investigation into what he did about spousal abuse allegations against former assistant coach Zach Smith, the university said.
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More Than Half of States Widen Access to Covid-19 Vaccine - The New York Times - 1 views

  • But his wife, Udella, who is 81 and has diabetes, has been unable to sign up for a vaccine at all. “Not eligible,” the couple says the state health department portal read after she tried to register.
  • But his wife, Udella, who is 81 and has diabetes, has been unable to sign up for a vaccine at all. “Not eligible,” the couple says the state health department portal read after she tried to register.
  • “It’s the anxiety, the frustration, the difficulty people have in scheduling appointments — which we are making with a very limited supply of vaccine that comes in — in quantities that we don’t know until it arrives,”
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  • In states across the country, demand for the vaccine has far outweighed supply
  • Tens of thousands of people have already received the vaccines, and none of them have reported any serious health problems.
    • cvanderloo
       
      Possible proof that the vaccine is safe.
  • Other states have decided to remain focused exclusively on vaccinating health care workers and nursing home residents before opening up to a wider swath of the public.
    • cvanderloo
       
      Controversy about who should be vaccinated first. Everyone prioritizes themselves.
  • Life will return to normal only when society as a whole gains enough protection against the coronavirus. Once countries authorize a vaccine, they’ll only be able to vaccinate a few percent of their citizens at most in the first couple months.
  • At least 28 states and Washington, D.C., have begun vaccinating older people, a New York Times survey shows, in many cases marking a shift in earlier plans that had put medical workers and nursing home residents at the front of the line for Covid-19 inoculations.
  • “I couldn’t hug her,” Ms. Johnson said. “We didn’t share food. We each brought our own sandwich. It was just surreal.”
    • cvanderloo
       
      Minor-tragedies that COVID-19 has casued
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Do all dogs go to heaven? Pet owners increasingly think so, says study | Life and style... - 1 views

  • The definition of dog heaven is straightforward enough: bottomless biscuits, walks on demand, squirrels you can actually catch.
  • owners of all kinds of domestic animals have become more likely to believe in a pet afterlife
  • “By the mid-20th century, a greater proportion of animal gravestones suggest owners were awaiting a reunion in the afterlife.”
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  • owners are careful not to challenge contemporary Christian orthodoxy and only suggest a hope of reunion.
  • found other evidence that pet owners were increasingly likely to view animals as part of the family. He wrote that an increasing number of gravestones used family names after the second world war
  • He also found that owners would increasingly often refer to themselves by familial pronouns like “Mummy”, “Dad”, or “Auntie”.
  • Since then, cremation has become more common for those who wish to mark their pet’s death.
  • Other modern pet memorial services include paw prints cast in clay, framed collars, and even the chance to turn their ashes into diamonds. But many owners still opt for the simpler approach of burying them in the back garden – or what is euphemistically termed “communal pet cremation”.
  • Christianity has traditionally held that animals have no hope of an afterlife. But Pope John Paul II said in 1990 that animals do have souls and are “as near to God as men are”.
  • “what lies ahead … is not an annihilation of the universe and all that surrounds us. Rather, it brings everything to its fullness of being, truth and beauty.”
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The perfect memory: does it even exist? | Dean Burnett | Science | The Guardian - 0 views

  • Photographic memory, eidetic memory, Hyperthymesia, Highly Superior Autobiographical Memory, perfect recall, there are a number of labels to choose from when discussing formidable memory prowess.
  • However, the idea that someone has a “flawless” memory, is able to remember everything from any aspect of their lives in great and accurate detail, is far from confirmed by available scientific evidence.
  • when you ask more personal life events that things get tricky. If someone describes the scene at their 7th birthday and what presents they got, how you are supposed to confirm if they’re remembering it correctly?
    • ilanaprincilus06
       
      More likely to remember the quantitative attributes rather than the qualitative.
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  • There’s also the problem of verifying someone’s memory in terms of accuracy. If you ask them to remember the dates of major events, then yes, you can easily determine the accuracy of that.
  • This may seem like needless pedantry; why would anyone lie about such a thing? Except it’s not that they lie, it’s that they could be remembering it wrongly and not realise they’re doing it.
  • Sadly, what research there is suggests that those people with incredible memories are just as susceptible to forming “false memories” as anyone else.
  • What good is being able to remember vast amounts of information if you can’t be sure any of it is accurate?
  • Those with incredible, innate memory prowess describe it as a mixed blessing at best. The increased demand on your thinking capacity, the constant dwelling in the past, the inability to escape painful or damaging experiences? If someone offered you all that, would you accept?
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Opinion | Trump risks the lives of millions to save himself - The Washington Post - 1 views

  • As basic humanity demands that he minimize death and destitution, he seems more set on protecting his political standing and rewarding cronies. This isn’t America First — it’s Trump First.
  • To preserve political viability, he’s willing to risk the lives of millions.
    • huffem4
       
      To what extent is the author's opinion true? What knowledge can the reader extract from this article?
  • this is a president who, when asked what he would “say to Americans who are watching you right now who are scared,” replies: “I say that you’re a terrible reporter.”ADThere is no empathy inside this broken man — nor in his feeble response to this disaster.
    • huffem4
       
      How can the reader take this author's opinion and utilize it to strengthen their knowledge?
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Trump Demands CNN Apologize For Poll - 1 views

  • “To my knowledge, this is the first time in its 40 year history that CNN had been threatened with legal action because an American politician or campaign did not like CNN’s polling results,” he wrote. “To the extent that we have received legal threats from political leaders in the past, they have typically come from countries like Venezuela or other regimes where there is little or no respect for a free and independent media.”
  • The idea, recycled by Republicans in every election cycle since at least 2012, is that Republicans are being under-sampled in the polls, artificially inflating the results in favor of the Democratic candidate.
  • The movement’s founding father, Dean Chambers, trumpeted the theory during the 2012 campaign, when former President Barack Obama was consistently leading Mitt Romney. Chambers decided that polls should be weighted by party identification — disregarding arguments that it’s a fungible metric, and that many voters change their identification from one election to the next — so he “unskewed” some national polls. And all of a sudden, Romney started winning.
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  • Besides the fact that it isn’t pollsters’ job to time their polls according to positive news for the President, the CNN poll was actually still in the field during the day Friday. CNN is standing by its poll, which shows Trump lagging behind Biden at 41 percent to 55.
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Airbus Sees 3,700 Jobs at Risk at Troubled Plane Programs - WSJ - 0 views

  • European plane maker Airbus EADSY -0.02% SE said Wednesday it plans to cut production of its flagship A380 superjumbo and A400M military transport aircraft, threatening thousands of jobs, though overall strong demand for airliners may mitigate staff cuts.
  • But Airbus’s A380 has missed out on the boom. Airlines worry that they won’t be able to fill an aircraft that seats more than 500 passengers. Plus, the superjumbo carries a price tag of $445.6 million before typical discounts,
  • The deal allows Airbus to sustain annual production at six planes, which it described as the minimum at which losses are manageable.
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  • Emirates Airline, the world’s largest by international traffic, in February signed an order for 20 A380s with an option for 16 more.
  • The bleak outlook for the A380 was punctuated late last year when the first of the jets put into operation was placed in long-term storage after Singapore Airlines opted not to extend an initial lease period. The carrier is the second biggest A380 customer, having ordered 24.
  • Boeing also has struggled to win orders for its biggest plane, the 747-8, leading to production cuts. For Airbus, the A400M cutback comes after years during which the company struggled to get the military transport out the door and develop some of the promised technical features. Airbus said it would build 15 of the planes this year, after delivering 19 last year. It plans to build 11 of the planes in 2019, and eight annually thereafter.
  • Airbus Chief Financial Officer Harald Wilhelm said last month said that lowering build rates for the A400M and the A380 would keep them in production and buy time to secure further deals.
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China floods economy with cash with coronavirus outbreak set to hit economic growth har... - 0 views

  • The influx of credit is part of the country’s overall plan to kick-start production and bring the national economy back on track after the virus forced an extended Lunar New Year holiday.
  • The world’s second largest economy is widely estimated to suffer a decline of around a few percentage points in the first quarter of 2020 as the virus forced the vast majority of Chinese business activities to a standstill.A large decline from last year’s 6.1 per cent gross domestic product growth rate could threaten the long-pursued goal of building a “comprehensive well-off society”, which demands an increase of at least 5.6 per cent this year.
  • “Will this lead to a historical high this year? Does it mean an end to the deleveraging campaign? Debt concerns will certainly return from a long-term perspective,” he said. “If the nominal [gross domestic product] won’t be able to grow fast [upon the boost], the country is easy to fall into a liquidity trap like Japan,” Yeung warned.
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  • Commercial banks extended 3.34 trillion yuan (US$477 billion) of credit in January, an all-time high for bank lending in a single month, the People’s Bank of China said Aggregate financing also reached a new high of 5.07 trillion yuan (US$724 billion)
  • Chinese banks flooded the economy with a record amount of bank credit at the start of 2020, a move aimed at protecting fragile growth amid the coronavirus outbreak.
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Hong Kong protests: Knife attacker bites man's ear after stabbing four - BBC News - 0 views

  • One of the injured had his ear partially bitten off by an as-yet unidentified male attacker, who was subdued by passersby in the mall.
  • The campaign began in March with demonstrations against a bill that would have allowed extradition from Hong Kong to mainland China but evolved into broader demands.
  • In the five months since they began, the protests have evolved into a call for universal suffrage for the territory - the right of almost all adults to vote in elections.
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  • With no end in sight, China's leaders signalled this week that they were preparing to change how the mainland administered Hong Kong.
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Next stop for free college: Cal State University? | CalMatters - 0 views

  • In yet another push to make higher education more accessible in California, a bill filed in the state Legislature last week would extend the state’s tuition-free college guarantee to four years — and beyond community college — for some students, making it one of the most generous programs in the nation.
  • “If we want a truly debt-free education, you’ve got to begin that conversation by cutting tuition and fees,” he said. “If you don’t tell these kids every single day that you’re going to go to college, it may not be a reality.”
  • While the bill does not contain a cost estimate, the price tag would likely be “in the low hundreds of millions,” said Francisco Rodriguez, chancellor of the Los Angeles Community College District, a bill sponsor. (The overall state budget proposed by Gov. Gavin Newsom last week totaled $222 billion, with nearly $4 billion earmarked for Cal State next year.)
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  • Among free college programs nationwide, New York’s Excelsior Scholarship covers four years of tuition at the state’s public universities for students with family incomes of $125,000 or less, provided they attend full-time and stay in the area after graduation. But most state free college plans only pay for community college, which helps contain cost and draw bipartisan support.
  • If passed, it could also increase demand for spots at the already-overcrowded California State University, said Gail Yen, a policy analyst at California Competes, a nonpartisan higher education think tank.  
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