What is it to truly know something? In our daily lives, we might not give this much thought — most of us rely on what we consider to be fair judgment and common sense in establishing knowledge

is a form of action, comparable to an archer’s success when he consciously aims to hit a target.

fix the justified-true-belief account with minor modifications, philosophers tried more radical departures.

“My male counterparts were deemed competent and capable until they proved otherwise, where on the other hand it was often assumed that I was incompetent until I proved I was not.”

Because we are female, a lot of respect slips through the cracks and we are treated as though we aren’t worth as much as a male

“I learned to blend in with the guys. I changed the way I talk and eliminated many so-called feminine characteristics so as not to draw attention to myself.

The questions from the justices suggested that they were divided along the usual lines — conservative and liberal —

That, coupled with his earlier judicial opinions, gave gay rights advocates reason for optimism by the end of the arguments, which lasted two and a half hours.

Justice Kennedy said he was concerned about changing a conception of marriage that has persisted for so many years

Brain signature of emotion-linked pain is uncovered

it is possible to distinguish between brain activity associated with pain from a physical cause, such as an injury, and that associated with pain linked to your state of mind.

Hearing or vision, for example, can be traced from sensory organs to distinct brain regions, but pain is more complex, and incorporates thoughts and emotions.

Antibiotics: US discovery labelled 'game-changer' for medicine

The decades-long drought in antibiotic discovery could be over after a breakthrough by US scientists.

ielded 25 new antibiotics, with one deemed "very promising".

Unprecedented Level of Human Harm to Sea Life Is Forecast

A team of scientists, in a groundbreaking analysis of data from hundreds of sources, has concluded that humans are on the verge of causing unprecedented damage to the oceans and the animals living in them.

A number of experts said the result was a remarkable synthesis, along with a nuanced and encouraging prognosis.

Ebola tests in Edinburgh for patient who recently returned from west Africa

A woman who recently returned from west Africa is being tested for Ebola at a hospital in Edinburgh.

However, there has been no confirmation that she is suffering from the

US race relations: Six surprising statistics

Violent protests have taken place in several US cities, sparked by a jury's decision not to charge a policeman over the killing of an unarmed black teenager

2 black billionaires

Almost every time they started to speak, they were interrupted or shot down before finishing their pitch. When one had a good idea, a male writer would jump in and run with it before she could complete her thought.

When a woman speaks in a professional setting, she walks a tightrope. Either she’s barely heard or she’s judged as too aggressive.

male senators with more power (as measured by tenure, leadership positions and track record of legislation passed) spoke more on the Senate floor than their junior colleagues. But for female senators, power was not linked to significantly more speaking time.

“The Abortion Stereotype” (Op-Ed, Jan. 3), about polls showing that more men than women support abortion rights, is a useful analysis of a perennially fraught issue.

even those women who may be passionately anti-abortion for personal or religious reasons, choose to assume that other women who do opt to have abortions

Outraged Christians, Jews or atheists might vent frustrations on Facebook or Twitter. Yet it looks as if Islamic extremists once again have expressed their displeasure with bullets.

Is there something about Islam that leads inexorably to violence, terrorism and subjugation of women?

fanatical Muslims so often seem to murder in the name of God, from the 2004 Madrid train bombing that killed 191 people to the murder of hostages at a cafe in Sydney, Australia, last month

A verbal comment made by a Salesianum School student was fanned across social media stirring enough concern that some parents pulled their children out of classes Monday, and left the student explaining what he meant to legal authorities

"My understanding is that he did give sort of a time-frame," she said. "You never know."

he removed her son because she felt there were too many distractions.

In the two years since the massacre at Sandy Hook Elementary in Newtown, Connecticut, no school shooting has claimed as many lives, nor ones as young, as on that terrible day. But fatal gun attacks at schools and on college campuses remain a fixture of American life. They have occurred once every five weeks on average since Sandy Hook, including two attacks—one in Santa Monica and another near Seattle—in which four or more victims were killed.

dozens of other gun incidents on school grounds that caused injuries, as well as seven additional cases where someone committed suicide with a firearm, but no one else died

Gun violence has regularly been at the political forefront since Newtown. While Congress failed to pass a background check bill four months after the devastation, state lawmakers nationwide approved more than a hundred laws either strengthening or weakening restrictions on firearms in the first year after Sandy Hook alone

Two Ohio men wrongly accused of murder four decades ago are walking free Friday morning after spending 39 years behind bars.

Jackson had been the longest-held U.S. prisoner to be exonerated.

convicted along with Bridgeman and Bridgeman’s brother, Ronnie, in the 1975 shooting death and robbery of Harold Franks, a Cleveland-area money order salesman.

Brain scientists may speculate on a grand scale, but they work on a small scale.

ow identity, personality, memory — all the things that define a human being — grow out of the way brain cells and regions are connected to each other.

way to link brain cells to a computer to manipulate their activity and test ideas about how cells and networks of cells work.

Critical philosophy of race, like critical race theory in legal studies, seeks to understand the disadvantages of nonwhite racial groups in society (blacks especially) by understanding social customs, laws, and legal practices.

What’s happening in Ferguson is the result of several recent historical factors and deeply entrenched racial attitudes, as well as a breakdown in participatory democracy.

Middle-class and poor blacks in the United States do less well than whites with the same income on many measures of human well-being: educational attainment, family wealth, employment, health, longevity, infant mortality.

And while there have been plenty of studies rejecting the link, most of them have consisted of lab trials and psychological research; this latest study, on the other hand, used crime data for a macro look at how violent media is often used as a scapegoat for actual acts of violence.

media violence, may distract society from more pressing concerns such as poverty, education and vocational disparities and mental health," Ferguson said in a statement.

"This research may help society focus on issues that really matter and avoid devoting unnecessary resources to the pursuit of moral agendas with little practical value."

Roughly 66% said they have read text messages while waiting at a stop sign or red light, while another 25% defended their texting-while-driving habits because they think they "can easily do several things at once, even while driving."

Distracted drivers on their phones caused more than 1.3 million crashes in 2011. And you'll see tragic stories in the news practically every day involving accidents because a driver was texting.