Eyak, Tlingit, Haida and Tsimshian | Cultures of Alaska - 0 views
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Eyak, Tlingit, Haida and Tsimshian share a common and similar Northwest Coast Culture with important differences
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Tlingit language has four main dialects: Northern, Southern, Inland and Gulf Coast with variations in accent from each village
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Haida people speak an isolate (unrelated to other) language, Haida, with three dialects: Skidegate and Masset in British Columbia, Canada and the Kaigani dialect of Alaska
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Tlingits have occupied this territory for a very long time. The western scientific date is of 10,000 years
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tools to make the wood into usable items were adzes, mauls, wedges, digging sticks
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inner cedar bark was pounded to make baby cradle padding, as well as clothing such as capes, skirts, shorts and blankets
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had an exogamous (meaning they married outside of their own group), matrilineal clan system, which means that the children trace their lineage and names from their mother
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children inherit all rights through the mother, including the use of the clan fishing, hunting and gathering land, the right to use specific clan crests as designs on totem poles, houses, clothing, and ceremonial regalia
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In the Tlingit clan system, one moiety was known as Raven or Crow, the other moiety as Eagle or Wolf depending upon the time period
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Haida canoes, made from a single cedar log up to 60 feet in length, were the most highly prized commodity
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lans owned the salmon streams, halibut banks, berry patches, land for hunting, intertidal regions, and egg harvesting areas
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Potlatches were held for the following occasions: a funeral or memorial potlatch, whereby the dead are honored; the witness and validation of the payment of a debt, or naming an individual; the completion of a new house; the completion and naming of clan regalia; a wedding; the naming of a child; the erection of a totem pole; or to rid the host of a shame
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houses, roofed with heavy cedar bark or spruce shingles, ranged in size from 35’-40’ x 50’-100’, with some Haida houses being 100’ x 75’
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had winter villages along the banks of streams or along saltwater beaches for easy access to fish-producing streams
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from the Copper River Delta to the Southeast Panhandle is a temperate rainforest with precipitation ranging from 112 inches per year to almost 200 inches per year