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Adam Deyo

Educational Leadership:Supporting English Language Learners:From the Ballot Box to the ... - 0 views

  • Opponents of the anti-bilingual-education measures see bilingualism as a social, economic, cultural, and academic advantage for first- and second-generation immigrants. They do not see bilingualism as an obstacle to societal integration of new immigrant populations; on the contrary, they believe that students who study and learn in two languages and become fully proficient and literate in their home language and in English can enjoy the richness and values of two linguistic systems and two cultural traditions that complement and enhance each other.
  • In fact, sociological and educational research supports the notion that immigrant students who retain their bilingual skills and their ties to their parents' culture of origin are more academically successful and socially well-adapted in the long term than their peers who become English monolinguals (Portes & Rumbaut, 2001). These researchers concluded that "forced march assimilation" policies for educating immigrant youth are counterproductive.
  • It is left up to educators to sort out myth from reality.
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  • School administrators and teachers grappling with the often confusing and contradictory premises of these popular initiatives can draw on three useful sources of information: (1) meta-analyses of research studies regarding program effectiveness and instructional practices that support and enhance achievement, (2) studies of the initiatives' effect on English language learners' English language acquisition and academic achievement, and (3) databases that compile language assessments administered to large populations of English language learners over time and across grade levels. Several myths about the instruction of English language learners do not stand up to scrutiny when examined through the lens of this research base.
  • The "One-Size-Fits-All" Myth
  • Schools throughout the United States use a variety and range of theoretically sound programs to meet the needs of their specific populations of English language learners, who vary in demographic and linguistic characteristics.
  • For instance, bilingual programs are appropriate and effective in schools that serve concentrations of students who use a common native language
  • In many schools, however, English language learners speak a number of different native languages; such schools often use English as the common language of content-area instruction. Therefore, some state agencies and language-minority educators advocate a mix of services and program types in response to each school district's demographic mix—an approach that contradicts the state laws requiring a default model of sheltered English immersion
  • The "Language of Instruction" Myth
  • But according to Education Week, cumulative and comparative studies based on National Assessment for Educational Progress (NAEP) scores suggest that statewide mandates limiting bilingual education in California, Arizona, and Massachusetts have produced "less-than-stellar" results (Zehr, 2008, p. 10).
  • Proponents of the ballot initiatives mandating sheltered English immersion argue that bilingual education is the reason for low levels of English proficiency among immigrant students—especially Latinos, the group served by the vast majority of the bilingual programs.
  • (Parrish, Pérez, Merickel, & Linquanti, 2006). The study found that students participating in English-only education programs had no statistically significant advantage in terms of academic achievement over those in bilingual education programs that parents chose through the waiver process under the law.
  • Thus, ballot initiatives have not realized their goal of improving English language learners' academic achievement.
  • In denying the injunction against the implementation of Proposition 227, the U.S. District Court in Valeria G. v. Wilson (1998) ruled that structured English immersion was based on delivery of English language and content instruction that was "sequential" rather than "simultaneous."
  • This focus is based on the belief that the "problem" facing these students is essentially a "language problem.
  • K-12 Program Continuity and Coherence Programs for English language learners must be proven models with a demonstrated track record. Programs must have long-term goals and continuity in the curriculum as students move up through the grade levels. As students' listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills in English grow, the focus of instruction should shift, and instruction should be differentiated according to students' language levels (Mora, 2006). Differentiating the curriculum in this way requires monitoring students' progress toward performance benchmarks in English language proficiency, literacy, and content-area learning (Gottlieb & Nguyen, 2007)
  • Targeted Professional Development Educators must view the education of language-minority students as a shared responsibility. Teachers must have ample professional preparation in how to use appropriate curricular materials and teaching strategies to promote English language learners' achievement. Both new and experienced teachers need intensive professional development above and beyond the teacher education coursework required by the state credential and certificate programs. For example, teachers should be knowledgeable about second-language acquisition and cross-linguistic transfer so that students learning in their second language can capitalize on the commonalities in literacy with their native language, regardless of whether their instruction is in dual languages.
  • Local school districts must have the freedom and support to establish sheltered English immersion programs and/or bilingual education programs depending on community values, parental choice, and available resources. Policies must allow flexibility in use of students' native languages—especially for development of literacy skills. In states with anti-bilingual mandates, local jurisdictions should apply liberal and open interpretation of petition and waiver requirements to support parent empowerment and involvement in program selection.
  • Research-Based Policies to Replace Politically Based Policies
marciapeterson

Predictions about Technology in K-12 and Higher Education for 2025 | Larry Cuban on Sch... - 0 views

  • of these incremental changes herald the disappearance of K-12 age-graded public schools or the dominant patterns of teacher-centered instruction. What these gradual changes will translate into is a broad array of options for teaching and learning available to both teachers and students. About these ads var wpcom_adclk_hovering = false; var wpcom_adclk_recorded = false; var wpcom_adclk_theme = "Pilcrow"; var wpcom_adclk_slot = "wpcom_below_post_adsafe"; var wpcom_adclk_network = ( typeof wpcom_adclk_network === "undefined" ) ? "" : wpcom_adclk_network ; jQuery(document).ready( function() { function wpcom_adclk_hover_yes() { wpcom_adclk_hovering = true; } function wpcom_adclk_hover_no() { wpcom_adclk_hovering = false; } jQuery(".wpa").click(wpcom_adclk_click); jQuery(".wpa iframe").hover( wpcom_adclk_hover_yes, wpcom_adclk_hover_no ); jQuery(".wpa object").hover( wpcom_adclk_hover_yes, wpcom_adclk_hover_no ); jQuery(window).blur( function() { if ( wpcom_adclk_hovering ) { wpcom_adclk_click(); } }); }); function wpcom_adclk_impression() { var stat_gif = document.location.protocol + "//pixel.wp.com/g.gif?v=wpcom-no-pv"; stat_gif += "&x_ads_imp_theme=" + wpcom_adclk_theme; stat_gif += "&x_ads_imp_placement="+wpcom_adclk_slot; stat_gif += "&x_ads_imp_network=" + wpcom_adclk_network; stat_gif += "&x_ads_imp_theme_network="+wpcom_adclk_theme+"_"+wpcom_adclk_network; new Image().src = stat_gif + "&baba=" + Math.random(); return true; } function wpcom_adclk_click() { if (wpcom_adclk_recorded) { return true; } // no double counting var stat_gif = document.location.protocol + "//pixel.wp.com/g.gif?v=wpcom-no-pv"; stat_gif += "&x_ads_click_theme=" + wpcom_adclk_theme; stat_gif += "&x_ads_click_placement="+wpcom_adclk_slot; stat_gif += "&x_ads_click_network=" + wpcom_adclk_network; stat_gif += "&x_ads_click_theme_network="+wpcom_adclk_theme+"_"+wpcom_adclk_network; new Image().src = stat_gif + "&baba=" + Math.random(); wpcom_adclk_recorded = true; var now=new Date(); var end=now.getTime()+250; while(true){now=new Date();if(now.getTime()>end){break;}} return true; } if ( typeof GA_googleAddAttr == 'function' ) { GA_googleAddAttr("AdOpt", "1"); GA_googleAddAttr("Origin", "other"); GA_googleAddAttr("LangId", "1"); GA_googleAddAttr("Domain", "larrycuban.wordpress.com"); GA_googleAddAttr("BlogId", "8903150"); GA_googleAddAttr("PageURL", "https://larrycuban.wordpress.com/2014/12/31/predictions-about-technology-in-k-12-and-higher-education-for-2025/"); GA_googleAddAttr("AdSafe", "1"); GA_googleAddAttr("Autotag", "education"); GA_googleAddAttr("Tag", "how-teachers-teach"); GA_googleAddAttr("Tag", "technology-use"); GA_googleAddAttr("Tag", "how-teachers-teach"); GA_googleAddAttr("Tag", "technology"); GA_googleAddAttr("Partner", "AOL"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_bg", "ffffff"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_border", "bbbbbb"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_text", "333333"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_link", "1c9bdc"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_url", "1c9bdc"); GA_googleAddAdSensePageAttr("google_page_url", "https://larrycuban.wordpress.com/2014/12/31/predictions-about-technology-in-k-12-and-higher-education-for-2025/"); GA_googleFillSlot("wpcom_below_post_adsafe"); } jQuery( window ).load( function() { if ( jQuery(".wpa script[src*='virool.com']").length > 0 || jQuery(".wpa script[src*='shareth.ru']").length > 0 || jQuery(".wpa iframe[src*='boomvideo.tv']").length > 0 || jQuery(".wpa iframe[src*='viewablemedia.net']").length > 0 || jQuery(".wpa .sharethrough-placement").length > 0 ) { jQuery( '.wpa' ).css( 'width', '400px' ); } setTimeout(function(){if(typeof GS_googleAddAdSenseService !== 'function'){new Image().src=document.location.protocol+"//pixel.wp.com/g.gif?v=wpcom-no-pv&x_noads=adblock&baba="+Math.random()}},100); } ); Share this:ShareTwitter29
  • ntal changes herald the disappearance of K-12 age-graded public schools or the dominant patterns of teacher-centered instruction. What these gradual changes will translate into is a broad array of options for teaching and learning available to both teachers and students. About these ads var wpcom_adclk_hovering = false; var wpcom_adclk_recorded = false; var wpcom_adclk_theme = "Pilcrow"; var wpcom_adclk_slot = "wpcom_below_post_adsafe"; var wpcom_adclk_network = ( typeof wpcom_adclk_network === "undefined" ) ? "" : wpcom_adclk_network ; jQuery(document).ready( function() { function wpcom_adclk_hover_yes() { wpcom_adclk_hovering = true; } function wpcom_adclk_hover_no() { wpcom_adclk_hovering = false; } jQuery(".wpa").click(wpcom_adclk_click); jQuery(".wpa iframe").hover( wpcom_adclk_hover_yes, wpcom_adclk_hover_no ); jQuery(".wpa object").hover( wpcom_adclk_hover_yes, wpcom_adclk_hover_no ); jQuery(window).blur( function() { if ( wpcom_adclk_hovering ) { wpcom_adclk_click(); } }); }); function wpcom_adclk_impression() { var stat_gif = document.location.protocol + "//pixel.wp.com/g.gif?v=wpcom-no-pv"; stat_gif += "&x_ads_imp_theme=" + wpcom_adclk_theme; stat_gif += "&x_ads_imp_placement="+wpcom_adclk_slot; stat_gif += "&x_ads_imp_network=" + wpcom_adclk_network; stat_gif += "&x_ads_imp_theme_network="+wpcom_adclk_theme+"_"+wpcom_adclk_network; new Image().src = stat_gif + "&baba=" + Math.random(); return true; } function wpcom_adclk_click() { if (wpcom_adclk_recorded) { return true; } // no double counting var stat_gif = document.location.protocol + "//pixel.wp.com/g.gif?v=wpcom-no-pv"; stat_gif += "&x_ads_click_theme=" + wpcom_adclk_theme; stat_gif += "&x_ads_click_placement="+wpcom_adclk_slot; stat_gif += "&x_ads_click_network=" + wpcom_adclk_network; stat_gif += "&x_ads_click_theme_network="+wpcom_adclk_theme+"_"+wpcom_adclk_network; new Image().src = stat_gif + "&baba=" + Math.random(); wpcom_adclk_recorded = true; var now=new Date(); var end=now.getTime()+250; while(true){now=new Date();if(now.getTime()>end){break;}} return true; } if ( typeof GA_googleAddAttr == 'function' ) { GA_googleAddAttr("AdOpt", "1"); GA_googleAddAttr("Origin", "other"); GA_googleAddAttr("LangId", "1"); GA_googleAddAttr("Domain", "larrycuban.wordpress.com"); GA_googleAddAttr("BlogId", "8903150"); GA_googleAddAttr("PageURL", "https://larrycuban.wordpress.com/2014/12/31/predictions-about-technology-in-k-12-and-higher-education-for-2025/"); GA_googleAddAttr("AdSafe", "1"); GA_googleAddAttr("Autotag", "education"); GA_googleAddAttr("Tag", "how-teachers-teach"); GA_googleAddAttr("Tag", "technology-use"); GA_googleAddAttr("Tag", "how-teachers-teach"); GA_googleAddAttr("Tag", "technology"); GA_googleAddAttr("Partner", "AOL"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_bg", "ffffff"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_border", "bbbbbb"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_text", "333333"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_link", "1c9bdc"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_url", "1c9bdc"); GA_googleAddAdSensePageAttr("google_page_url", "https://larrycuban.wordpress.com/2014/12/31/predictions-about-technology-in-k-12-and-higher-education-for-2025/"); GA_googleFillSlot("wpcom_below_post_adsafe"); } jQuery( window ).load( function() { if ( jQuery(".wpa script[src*='virool.com']").length > 0 || jQuery(".wpa script[src*='shareth.ru']").length > 0 || jQuery(".wpa iframe[src*='boomvideo.tv']").length > 0 || jQuery(".wpa iframe[src*='viewablemedia.net']").length > 0 || jQuery(".wpa .sharethrough-placement").length > 0 ) { jQuery( '.wpa' ).css( 'width', '400px' ); } setTimeout(function(){if(typeof GS_googleAddAdSenseService !== 'function'){new Image().src=document.location.protocol+"//pixel.wp.com/g.gif?v=wpcom-no-pv&x_noads=adblock&baba="+Math.random()}},100); } ); Share this:ShareTwitter29share-linkedin s
  • None of these incremental changes herald the disappearance of K-12 age-graded public schools or the dominant patterns of teacher-centered instruction. What these gradual changes will translate into is a broad array of options for teaching and learning available to both teachers and students. About these ads var wpcom_adclk_hovering = false; var wpcom_adclk_recorded = false; var wpcom_adclk_theme = "Pilcrow"; var wpcom_adclk_slot = "wpcom_below_post_adsafe"; var wpcom_adclk_network = ( typeof wpcom_adclk_network === "undefined" ) ? "" : wpcom_adclk_network ; jQuery(document).ready( function() { function wpcom_adclk_hover_yes() { wpcom_adclk_hovering = true; } function wpcom_adclk_hover_no() { wpcom_adclk_hovering = false; } jQuery(".wpa").click(wpcom_adclk_click); jQuery(".wpa iframe").hover( wpcom_adclk_hover_yes, wpcom_adclk_hover_no ); jQuery(".wpa object").hover( wpcom_adclk_hover_yes, wpcom_adclk_hover_no ); jQuery(window).blur( function() { if ( wpcom_adclk_hovering ) { wpcom_adclk_click(); } }); }); function wpcom_adclk_impression() { var stat_gif = document.location.protocol + "//pixel.wp.com/g.gif?v=wpcom-no-pv"; stat_gif += "&x_ads_imp_theme=" + wpcom_adclk_theme; stat_gif += "&x_ads_imp_placement="+wpcom_adclk_slot; stat_gif += "&x_ads_imp_network=" + wpcom_adclk_network; stat_gif += "&x_ads_imp_theme_network="+wpcom_adclk_theme+"_"+wpcom_adclk_network; new Image().src = stat_gif + "&baba=" + Math.random(); return true; } function wpcom_adclk_click() { if (wpcom_adclk_recorded) { return true; } // no double counting var stat_gif = document.location.protocol + "//pixel.wp.com/g.gif?v=wpcom-no-pv"; stat_gif += "&x_ads_click_theme=" + wpcom_adclk_theme; stat_gif += "&x_ads_click_placement="+wpcom_adclk_slot; stat_gif += "&x_ads_click_network=" + wpcom_adclk_network; stat_gif += "&x_ads_click_theme_network="+wpcom_adclk_theme+"_"+wpcom_adclk_network; new Image().src = stat_gif + "&baba=" + Math.random(); wpcom_adclk_recorded = true; var now=new Date(); var end=now.getTime()+250; while(true){now=new Date();if(now.getTime()>end){break;}} return true; } if ( typeof GA_googleAddAttr == 'function' ) { GA_googleAddAttr("AdOpt", "1"); GA_googleAddAttr("Origin", "other"); GA_googleAddAttr("LangId", "1"); GA_googleAddAttr("Domain", "larrycuban.wordpress.com"); GA_googleAddAttr("BlogId", "8903150"); GA_googleAddAttr("PageURL", "https://larrycuban.wordpress.com/2014/12/31/predictions-about-technology-in-k-12-and-higher-education-for-2025/"); GA_googleAddAttr("AdSafe", "1"); GA_googleAddAttr("Autotag", "education"); GA_googleAddAttr("Tag", "how-teachers-teach"); GA_googleAddAttr("Tag", "technology-use"); GA_googleAddAttr("Tag", "how-teachers-teach"); GA_googleAddAttr("Tag", "technology"); GA_googleAddAttr("Partner", "AOL"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_bg", "ffffff"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_border", "bbbbbb"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_text", "333333"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_link", "1c9bdc"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_url", "1c9bdc"); GA_googleAddAdSensePageAttr("google_page_url", "https://larrycuban.wordpress.com/2014/12/31/predictions-about-technology-in-k-12-and-higher-education-for-2025/"); GA_googleFillSlot("wpcom_below_post_adsafe"); } jQuery( window ).load( function() { if ( jQuery(".wpa script[src*='virool.com']").length > 0 || jQuery(".wpa script[src*='shareth.ru']").length > 0 || jQuery(".wpa iframe[src*='boomvideo.tv']").length > 0 || jQuery(".wpa iframe[src*='viewablemedia.net']").length > 0 || jQuery(".wpa .sharethrough-placement").length > 0 ) { jQuery( '.wpa' ).css( 'width', '400px' ); } setTimeout(function(){if(typeof GS_googleAddAdSenseService !== 'function'){new Image().src=document.location.protocol+"//pixel.wp.com/g.gif?v=wpcom-no-pv&x_noads=adblock&baba="+Math.random()}},100); } ); Share this:ShareTwitter29 cl
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  • incremental changes herald the disappearance of K-12 age-graded public schools or the dominant patterns of teacher-centered instruction. What these gradual changes will translate into is a broad array of options for teaching and learning available to both teachers and students. About these ads var wpcom_adclk_hovering = false; var wpcom_adclk_recorded = false; var wpcom_adclk_theme = "Pilcrow"; var wpcom_adclk_slot = "wpcom_below_post_adsafe"; var wpcom_adclk_network = ( typeof wpcom_adclk_network === "undefined" ) ? "" : wpcom_adclk_network ; jQuery(document).ready( function() { function wpcom_adclk_hover_yes() { wpcom_adclk_hovering = true; } function wpcom_adclk_hover_no() { wpcom_adclk_hovering = false; } jQuery(".wpa").click(wpcom_adclk_click); jQuery(".wpa iframe").hover( wpcom_adclk_hover_yes, wpcom_adclk_hover_no ); jQuery(".wpa object").hover( wpcom_adclk_hover_yes, wpcom_adclk_hover_no ); jQuery(window).blur( function() { if ( wpcom_adclk_hovering ) { wpcom_adclk_click(); } }); }); function wpcom_adclk_impression() { var stat_gif = document.location.protocol + "//pixel.wp.com/g.gif?v=wpcom-no-pv"; stat_gif += "&x_ads_imp_theme=" + wpcom_adclk_theme; stat_gif += "&x_ads_imp_placement="+wpcom_adclk_slot; stat_gif += "&x_ads_imp_network=" + wpcom_adclk_network; stat_gif += "&x_ads_imp_theme_network="+wpcom_adclk_theme+"_"+wpcom_adclk_network; new Image().src = stat_gif + "&baba=" + Math.random(); return true; } function wpcom_adclk_click() { if (wpcom_adclk_recorded) { return true; } // no double counting var stat_gif = document.location.protocol + "//pixel.wp.com/g.gif?v=wpcom-no-pv"; stat_gif += "&x_ads_click_theme=" + wpcom_adclk_theme; stat_gif += "&x_ads_click_placement="+wpcom_adclk_slot; stat_gif += "&x_ads_click_network=" + wpcom_adclk_network; stat_gif += "&x_ads_click_theme_network="+wpcom_adclk_theme+"_"+wpcom_adclk_network; new Image().src = stat_gif + "&baba=" + Math.random(); wpcom_adclk_recorded = true; var now=new Date(); var end=now.getTime()+250; while(true){now=new Date();if(now.getTime()>end){break;}} return true; } if ( typeof GA_googleAddAttr == 'function' ) { GA_googleAddAttr("AdOpt", "1"); GA_googleAddAttr("Origin", "other"); GA_googleAddAttr("LangId", "1"); GA_googleAddAttr("Domain", "larrycuban.wordpress.com"); GA_googleAddAttr("BlogId", "8903150"); GA_googleAddAttr("PageURL", "https://larrycuban.wordpress.com/2014/12/31/predictions-about-technology-in-k-12-and-higher-education-for-2025/"); GA_googleAddAttr("AdSafe", "1"); GA_googleAddAttr("Autotag", "education"); GA_googleAddAttr("Tag", "how-teachers-teach"); GA_googleAddAttr("Tag", "technology-use"); GA_googleAddAttr("Tag", "how-teachers-teach"); GA_googleAddAttr("Tag", "technology"); GA_googleAddAttr("Partner", "AOL"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_bg", "ffffff"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_border", "bbbbbb"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_text", "333333"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_link", "1c9bdc"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_url", "1c9bdc"); GA_googleAddAdSensePageAttr("google_page_url", "https://larrycuban.wordpress.com/2014/12/31/predictions-about-technology-in-k-12-and-higher-education-for-2025/"); GA_googleFillSlot("wpcom_below_post_adsafe"); } jQuery( window ).load( function() { if ( jQuery(".wpa script[src*='virool.com']").length > 0 || jQuery(".wpa script[src*='shareth.ru']").length > 0 || jQuery(".wpa iframe[src*='boomvideo.tv']").length > 0 || jQuery(".wpa iframe[src*='viewablemedia.net']").length > 0 || jQuery(".wpa .sharethrough-placement").length > 0 ) { jQuery( '.wpa' ).css( 'width', '400px' ); } setTimeout(function(){if(typeof GS_googleAddAdSenseService !== 'function'){new Image().src=document.location.protocol+"//pixel.wp.com/g.gif?v=wpcom-no-pv&x_noads=adblock&baba="+Math.random()}},100); } ); Share this:ShareTwitter29share-li
  • None of these incremental changes herald the disappearance of K-12 age-graded public schools or the dominant patterns of teacher-centered instruction. What these gradual changes will translate into is a broad array of options for teaching and learning available to both teachers and students. About these ads var wpcom_adclk_hovering = false; var wpcom_adclk_recorded = false; var wpcom_adclk_theme = "Pilcrow"; var wpcom_adclk_slot = "wpcom_below_post_adsafe"; var wpcom_adclk_network = ( typeof wpcom_adclk_network === "undefined" ) ? "" : wpcom_adclk_network ; jQuery(document).ready( function() { function wpcom_adclk_hover_yes() { wpcom_adclk_hovering = true; } function wpcom_adclk_hover_no() { wpcom_adclk_hovering = false; } jQuery(".wpa").click(wpcom_adclk_click); jQuery(".wpa iframe").hover( wpcom_adclk_hover_yes, wpcom_adclk_hover_no ); jQuery(".wpa object").hover( wpcom_adclk_hover_yes, wpcom_adclk_hover_no ); jQuery(window).blur( function() { if ( wpcom_adclk_hovering ) { wpcom_adclk_click(); } }); }); function wpcom_adclk_impression() { var stat_gif = document.location.protocol + "//pixel.wp.com/g.gif?v=wpcom-no-pv"; stat_gif += "&x_ads_imp_theme=" + wpcom_adclk_theme; stat_gif += "&x_ads_imp_placement="+wpcom_adclk_slot; stat_gif += "&x_ads_imp_network=" + wpcom_adclk_network; stat_gif += "&x_ads_imp_theme_network="+wpcom_adclk_theme+"_"+wpcom_adclk_network; new Image().src = stat_gif + "&baba=" + Math.random(); return true; } function wpcom_adclk_click() { if (wpcom_adclk_recorded) { return true; } // no double counting var stat_gif = document.location.protocol + "//pixel.wp.com/g.gif?v=wpcom-no-pv"; stat_gif += "&x_ads_click_theme=" + wpcom_adclk_theme; stat_gif += "&x_ads_click_placement="+wpcom_adclk_slot; stat_gif += "&x_ads_click_network=" + wpcom_adclk_network; stat_gif += "&x_ads_click_theme_network="+wpcom_adclk_theme+"_"+wpcom_adclk_network; new Image().src = stat_gif + "&baba=" + Math.random(); wpcom_adclk_recorded = true; var now=new Date(); var end=now.getTime()+250; while(true){now=new Date();if(now.getTime()>end){break;}} return true; } if ( typeof GA_googleAddAttr == 'function' ) { GA_googleAddAttr("AdOpt", "1"); GA_googleAddAttr("Origin", "other"); GA_googleAddAttr("LangId", "1"); GA_googleAddAttr("Domain", "larrycuban.wordpress.com"); GA_googleAddAttr("BlogId", "8903150"); GA_googleAddAttr("PageURL", "https://larrycuban.wordpress.com/2014/12/31/predictions-about-technology-in-k-12-and-higher-education-for-2025/"); GA_googleAddAttr("AdSafe", "1"); GA_googleAddAttr("Autotag", "education"); GA_googleAddAttr("Tag", "how-teachers-teach"); GA_googleAddAttr("Tag", "technology-use"); GA_googleAddAttr("Tag", "how-teachers-teach"); GA_googleAddAttr("Tag", "technology"); GA_googleAddAttr("Partner", "AOL"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_bg", "ffffff"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_border", "bbbbbb"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_text", "333333"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_link", "1c9bdc"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_url", "1c9bdc"); GA_googleAddAdSensePageAttr("google_page_url", "https://larrycuban.wordpress.com/2014/12/31/predictions-about-technology-in-k-12-and-higher-education-for-2025/"); GA_googleFillSlot("wpcom_below_post_adsafe"); } jQuery( window ).load( function() { if ( jQuery(".wpa script[src*='virool.com']").length > 0 || jQuery(".wpa script[src*='shareth.ru']").length > 0 || jQuery(".wpa iframe[src*='boomvideo.tv']").length > 0 || jQuery(".wpa iframe[src*='viewablemedia.net']").length > 0 || jQuery(".wpa .sharethrough-placement").length > 0 ) { jQuery( '.wpa' ).css( 'width', '400px' ); } setTimeout(function(){if(typeof GS_googleAddAdSenseService !== 'function'){new Image().src=document.location.protocol+"//pixel.wp.com/g.gif?v=wpcom-no-pv&x_noads=adblock&baba="+Math.random()}},100); } ); Share this:ShareTwitter29 cl
  • chools or the dominant patterns of teacher-centered instruction. What these gradual changes will translate into is a broad array of options for teaching and learning available to both teachers and students. About these ads var wpcom_adclk_hovering = false; var wpcom_adclk_recorded = false; var wpcom_adclk_theme = "Pilcrow"; var wpcom_adclk_slot = "wpcom_below_post_adsafe"; var wpcom_adclk_network = ( typeof wpcom_adclk_network === "undefined" ) ? "" : wpcom_adclk_network ; jQuery(document).ready( function() { function wpcom_adclk_hover_yes() { wpcom_adclk_hovering = true; } function wpcom_adclk_hover_no() { wpcom_adclk_hovering = false; } jQuery(".wpa").click(wpcom_adclk_click); jQuery(".wpa iframe").hover( wpcom_adclk_hover_yes, wpcom_adclk_hover_no ); jQuery(".wpa object").hover( wpcom_adclk_hover_yes, wpcom_adclk_hover_no ); jQuery(window).blur( function() { if ( wpcom_adclk_hovering ) { wpcom_adclk_click(); } }); }); function wpcom_adclk_impression() { var stat_gif = document.location.protocol + "//pixel.wp.com/g.gif?v=wpcom-no-pv"; stat_gif += "&x_ads_imp_theme=" + wpcom_adclk_theme; stat_gif += "&x_ads_imp_placement="+wpcom_adclk_slot; stat_gif += "&x_ads_imp_network=" + wpcom_adclk_network; stat_gif += "&x_ads_imp_theme_network="+wpcom_adclk_theme+"_"+wpcom_adclk_network; new Image().src = stat_gif + "&baba=" + Math.random(); return true; } function wpcom_adclk_click() { if (wpcom_adclk_recorded) { return true; } // no double counting var stat_gif = document.location.protocol + "//pixel.wp.com/g.gif?v=wpcom-no-pv"; stat_gif += "&x_ads_click_theme=" + wpcom_adclk_theme; stat_gif += "&x_ads_click_placement="+wpcom_adclk_slot; stat_gif += "&x_ads_click_network=" + wpcom_adclk_network; stat_gif += "&x_ads_click_theme_network="+wpcom_adclk_theme+"_"+wpcom_adclk_network; new Image().src = stat_gif + "&baba=" + Math.random(); wpcom_adclk_recorded = true; var now=new Date(); var end=now.getTime()+250; while(true){now=new Date();if(now.getTime()>end){break;}} return true; } if ( typeof GA_googleAddAttr == 'function' ) { GA_googleAddAttr("AdOpt", "1"); GA_googleAddAttr("Origin", "other"); GA_googleAddAttr("LangId", "1"); GA_googleAddAttr("Domain", "larrycuban.wordpress.com"); GA_googleAddAttr("BlogId", "8903150"); GA_googleAddAttr("PageURL", "https://larrycuban.wordpress.com/2014/12/31/predictions-about-technology-in-k-12-and-higher-education-for-2025/"); GA_googleAddAttr("AdSafe", "1"); GA_googleAddAttr("Autotag", "education"); GA_googleAddAttr("Tag", "how-teachers-teach"); GA_googleAddAttr("Tag", "technology-use"); GA_googleAddAttr("Tag", "how-teachers-teach"); GA_googleAddAttr("Tag", "technology"); GA_googleAddAttr("Partner", "AOL"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_bg", "ffffff"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_border", "bbbbbb"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_text", "333333"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_link", "1c9bdc"); GA_googleAddAttr("theme_url", "1c9bdc"); GA_googleAddAdSensePageAttr("google_page_url", "https://larrycuban.wordpress.com/2014/12/31/predictions-about-technology-in-k-12-and-higher-education-for-2025/"); GA_googleFillSlot("wpcom_below_post_adsafe"); } jQuery( window ).load( function() { if ( jQuery(".wpa script[src*='virool.com']").length > 0 || jQuery(".wpa script[src*='shareth.ru']").length > 0 || jQuery(".wpa iframe[src*='boomvideo.tv']").length > 0 || jQuery(".wpa iframe[src*='viewablemedia.net']").length > 0 || jQuery(".wpa .sharethrough-placement").length > 0 ) { jQuery( '.wpa' ).css( 'width', '400px' ); } setTimeout(function(){if(typeof GS_googleAddAdSenseService !== 'function'){new Image().src=document.location.protocol+"//pixel.wp.com/g.gif?v=wpcom-no-pv&x_noads=adblock&baba="+Math.random()}},100); } ); Share this:ShareTwitter29https://larrycuban.wordpress.com/2014/
  • Blended learning, including “flipped” classrooms, continue to spread across the country. Many teacher and principal bloggers tout how they have integrated the use of new devices into daily lessons, including lessons for Common Core standards
  • With all of the above occurring, one would think that by 2025, age-graded schools and the familiar teaching and learning that occurs today in K-12 and universities  would have exited the rear door. Not so.
  • etting access to powerful electronic devices for all students and teachers is surely a victory for those who believe in better technologies solving teaching and learning problems. But access does not dictate use, especially the kind of use that vendors and  technophiles ardently seek
  • In the past four years, I have predicted that textbooks will be digitized, online learning will spread, and the onset of computer testing will create more access to devices across schools and accelerate classroom usage. These developments will occur incrementally over the next decade and will be obvious to observers but hardly dominant in K-12 age-graded schools.
  • While higher education textbooks  have shifted markedly to e-books and less expensive ways of getting content into students’ devices, the K-12 market remains a proprietary domain of a handful of publishers (e.g. Pearson, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, and McGraw-Hill Education) in part due to the mechanics of  certain states (e.g.Florida, California, and Texas) dominating which texts get chosen.
  • 12 online learning will also spread slowly, very slowly, as blended learning and “flipped” classrooms gain traction. Both of these innovative twists on traditional classroom teaching, however, will reinforce the age-graded school, not dismantle it.
  •  
    "Predictions about Technology in K-12 and Higher Education for 2025"
  •  
    It surprises me that Cuban thinks the age-graded school will be reinforced by online learning. I would tend to think just the opposite, and I would like to look for other articles that envision the future of technology K-12.
  •  
    "K-12 online learning will also spread slowly, very slowly, as blended learning and "flipped" classrooms gain traction. Both of these innovative twists on traditional classroom teaching, however, will reinforce the age-graded school, not dismantle it."
Nathan Gingras

Educational Leadership:Supporting English Language Learners:Best Practices for Adolesce... - 0 views

  • Heck. As specialists in English language learning, we don't even agree on what to call ourselves, our students, or our programs. ELLs, ELs, LEP, ESL, ELD, ESOL, bilingual. With chaos in terminology, our communication with content-area teachers, school administrators, and student services staff is often garbled and filled with off-putting labels.
  • However, in many high schools across the United States, 16- to 20-year-old immigrants who seek to attend school are discouraged from enrolling and referred to adult literacy programs offering far fewer hours of schooling.
  • The lack of enthusiasm for serving these students is unfortunate, but understandable. Public schools may feel they have little to gain and much to lose by enrolling older adolescents who have little or no English.
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  • No Child Left Behind demands that after one year of enrollment, ELLs must take statewide assessments, and the results must be integrated into the school's accountability measures. Enrolling large numbers of adolescent ELLs can put the school at risk of failing to make adequate yearly progress.
  • In these times of increasingly meager resources in which schools are paring down to essential programs and making contingency plans to deal with statewide budget cuts and federal program funding reductions, adolescent ELLs are often viewed as an unwelcome presence in schools, a drain on the limited resources available. Increasing the challenge is the reality that many immigrant adolescents enter secondary schools with a triple whammy—little or no English, interrupted or limited formal schooling, and limited literacy in any language.
  • There is no more diverse learning cohort than that grouped under the term adolescent English language learner. Although many of these students are newcomers (immigrants who arrived within the past five years), others have always called the United States home.
  • now, for example, that 57 percent of adolescent learners classified as limited English proficient were born within U.S. borders and thus are second- or third-generation residents (Batalova, Fix, & Murray, 2007). These students have often achieved oral proficiency but lag behind in their ability to use English for literacy and content learning for reasons that may be only partly related to second-language status—for example, mobility and switching between language programs (Short & Fitzsimmons, 2007).
  • The particular life circumstances of any adolescent ELL will predict the individual needs that his or her school must address. Immigration status, quality of education background, native language, cultural distance from U.S. culture, expectation of remaining in the United States or reentering the country of origin, and economic resources are just a few of the variables (Lucas, 1997).
  • Some immigrant students arrive in the United States with fully developed academic literacy in their native language and a strong record of academic achievement in their home countries. Filip, for example, entered U.S. schools in 9th grade after having attended a high-level academic school in the Czech Republic. Within two years, he had gained a command of academic English and was performing above grade level. Contrast Filip with Ben, who emigrated from the Sudan at age 16 after experiencing the trauma of civil unrest and a severe interruption in formal schooling, which resulted in a limited foundation in literacy in any language. Rosaria, unlike either Filip or Ben, is a U.S.-born English language learner. Although her home language is Spanish, at 17, her social language outside the home is English. However, her writing exhibits many of the linguistic differences of an immigrant English learner, and she reads at the 5th grade level.
  • Such reforms must also take into account the particular context of each school—its demographic profile, existing program models, community culture, and so on. With this caveat in mind, a number of principles and practices support improved achievement for adolescent ELLs as well as for their native-English-speaking peers.
  • there is surprising agreement in what constitutes best practice for adolescent English language learners. It is up to school leaders to implement the school reforms that work and to think outside the traditional boxes that have restricted the achievement of these students.
Nathan Gingras

Supporting ESL Students: 10 Tips For Mainstream Teachers - 0 views

  • 1.  Cultural Awareness: All teachers should take a moment to self-reflect about their own understandings and questions in regard to cultural differences. Take the time to learn about different cultures, gestures, and traditions and celebrate these differences with all of the students in the classroom. Encourage all students to share their culture with classmates.
  • 2.  Empathize: Try to imagine how overwhelming it must feel to leave your home country and family members while trying to assimilate, learn and socialize in a foreign language. Be aware that ESL students will be in culture shock and feel highly alienated for some time. Garner patience and understand that it will take time for ESL students to talk, as a silent period is highly expected. Smile and show support to your best ability. 
  • 3.  Provide A Comfort Zone: Assess where the ESL student’s abilities are in relation to basic survival skills and needs.  Assign a friendly and welcoming buddy to assist with common school locations, requirements and routines. If possible, keep an extra eye out during busy transition times to assure the student gets to the correct location. If possible, find someone in the school, another classmate, parent or volunteer that may speak the student’s language. Connecting the student with someone who speaks his/her native language will provide a great deal of comfort. 
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  • 4.  Spotlight Respect For All Cultures: Reaffirm the message about being supportive of one another, kind, understanding and patient. Encourage everyone to openly talk about their personal cultures, traditions and languages. Have parties celebrating the different cultures in the class, sharing music, historical family photos, dances, games, food and traditions.  Hold discussions about the history of America, immigration, and the value of diversity and differences. Encourage students to share their own stories of immigration, passed down from generation to generation.
  • 5.  Community: If the parents and/or guardians do not speak English, request an interpreter if possible for all school communication, including parties, conferences and special events. Invite parents to all school community functions to encourage and foster a sense of belonging. If possible, introduce other students and/or families who speak the same language as the ESL student. Sharing cultural commonalities will provide strong bonds for students, parents and teachers.
  • 6.  Assess Students Informally: Assess ESL students on an informal basis when they first arrive to class, and ongoing during the school year. It is imperative to primarily check for understanding in regard to basic and social needs. Pay attention from the sideline to see if they know numbers, letters and/or short English phrases. Continuously check for comprehension and growth informally, make notes and never be afraid to raise the bar and challenge a bit.
  • 7.  Don’t Discourage Native Language Use:  With all good intentions, this is a common mistake teachers can make. ESL students who have a stronger foundation of their native language will have a shorter route to acquiring English. Don’t discourage native language use, as this will result in negative feelings about the student’s language and culture, and may cause delay in English language acquisition. Provide free time for the ESL student to read and write in their native language
  • 8.  Use Manipulatives, Visuals, Games, Music and Hands-On Activities in the Classroom: According to William Glaser, we learn 80% of what we experience, and 95% of what we teach others. ESL students do exceptionally well when this theory is followed. Involve them in projects that will encourage them to talk as much as possible with their classmates.   Some ideas for projects are the following:  cooking (following easy directions), art (drawing, painting, sculpture), musical activities (music provides an amazing platform for learning), and acting (for example, charades).
  • 9.  Provide Various Opportunities For Talking and Consider Seat Placement: It is very important to consider seat placement in the classroom for the ESL student. All too often, ESL students are seated in the back of the classroom, which leads to a great lack of contribution, listening, and  participation. Try and seat the ESL student close to the front, especially with other students who are inviting and enjoy conversation. Provide the most opportunities as possible for talking and listening to others in the class via group work. You will be surprised how much shorter the silent period will end. 
  • 10. Communicate with the ESL teacher: Maintain communication with the ESL teacher as much as possible. The sooner both teachers are working together, the quicker the student will learn English. Be open to the ESL teacher’s suggestions, let him/her share in the modification of classwork, and invite the ESL teacher into your classroom. 
stephanie karabaic

Curriculum | Code.org - 0 views

  •  
    Code-this is the new language kids should be exposed to...this is the future language of this century....do you speak code?
  •  
    Code-this is the new language kids should be exposed to...this is the future language of this century....do you speak code?
Nathan Gingras

10 Tips for Teaching English-Language Learners | Edutopia - 0 views

  • 1. Know your students
  • 2. Be aware of their social and emotional needs
  • 3. Increase your understanding of first and second language acquisition
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  • 4. Student need to SWRL every day in every class
  • 5. Increase your understanding of English language proficiency
  • 6. Know the language of your content
  • 7. Understand language assessments
  • 8. Use authentic visuals and manipulatives
  • 9. Strategies that match language proficiency
  • 10. Collaborate to celebrate
Chelsea Turley

Why You Should Flip Your Classroom - 0 views

  • Teachers from around the world have adopted the model and are using it to teach
  • Flipping speaks the language of today's students
  • These students understand digital learning. To them, all we are doing is speaking their language
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  • busy students
  • flexibility
  • work ahead
  • work ahead
  • she did not miss any of the content in that class
  • science,
  • . Students are helping each other learn
  • s in a flipped classroom for
  • we spend most of our class walking around helping the students who struggle most
    • Chelsea Turley
       
      Special educators themselves will also have access to the lecture material 
  • science
  • Giving students the ability to pause their teachers is truly revolutionary.
  • We often move too fast for some students and too slowly for others
  • overall interaction increases: teacher-to-student, and student-to-student. Because the role of the teacher has changed from presenter of content to learning coach,
  • students with special needs can watch the videos as many times as they need to learn the materia
  • carry out meaningful activities instead of completing busywork.
  • Because we were not just standing and talking at kids, many of the classroom management problems evaporated.
  • . Because students are coming with the primary focus on learning, there are two real questions now: Is each student learning? If not, what can we do to help them learn? These are much more profound questions, and when we discuss them with parents, we move the focus to a place that will help parents understand how their students can become better learners.
  • As it turns out, many of them were watching right alongside their children and learning science
  • flipping opens the doors to our classrooms and allows the public in
  • prerecord a lesson for our students ahead of time when we knew we were going to be gone
  • in which students move through the material at their own pace.
  • flipped-mastery mode
  • Our journey has been a process that has occurred over several years, and we recommend that those interested in flipping make the change gradually.
  •  
    This article gives reasons why to flip a classroom including reducing classroom management issues to differentiating instruction to all levels of students. 
leahammond

Christopher Emdin: Teach teachers how to create magic | Talk Video | TED.com - 1 views

  • Transcript Select language
    • leahammond
       
      Worth the 7min of your time...
  • Right now there is an aspiring teacher who is working on a 60-page paper based on some age-old education theory developed by some dead education professor wondering to herself what this task that she's engaging in has to do with what she wants to do with her life
  • Right now there is an aspiring teacher in a graduate school of education who is watching a professor babble on and on about engagement in the most disengaging way possible
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  • "Don't smile till November," because that's what she was taught in her teacher education program.
  • make better teachers
  • So why does teacher education only give you theory and theory and tell you about standards and tell you about all of these things that have nothing to do with the basic skills, that magic that you need to engage an audience, to engage a student?
  • content and theories with the absence of the magic of teaching and learning means nothing.
  • And if we could transform teacher education to focus on teaching teachers how to create that magic then poof! we could make dead classes come alive, we could reignite imaginations, and we can change education.
  •  
    " What do rap shows, barbershop banter and Sunday services have in common? As Christopher Emdin says, they all hold the secret magic to enthrall and teach at the same time - and it's a skill we often don't teach to educators. A longtime teacher himself, now a science advocate and cofounder of Science Genius B.A.T.T.L.E.S. with the GZA of the Wu-Tang Clan, Emdin offers a vision to make the classroom come alive. "
  •  
    I love that he sees teachers as magic makers, people who "reignite imaginations." Teaching is so much more than memorization of facts and meeting standards. We must excite our students as future life long learners...
leahammond

Teachers Vow Fight Against Proposed Spending Cap On Schools | Vermont Public Radio - 0 views

  • Teachers Vow Fight Against Proposed Spending Cap On Schools
  • curb the growth of property taxes
  • “It is an assault on voters’ intelligence to suggest that they don’t know how to analyze their own school budgets and vote accordingly,” says Darren Allen, spokesman for the Vermont teachers union
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  • Their new plan to impose spending caps on school budgets might help accomplish that goal
  • The cap means officials could not present to voters any budget plan that resulted in a more than 2 percent increase in per-pupil costs. And it’s this language that teachers object to the most. Allen says it’s a blunt policy instrument that will inflict serious harm on public schools.
  • If a vote for a community exceeds 2 percent per pupil in expenditures, it’s deemed to have failed,” Sharpe says
  • But the most contentious provision in the bill calls for a hard cap on per-pupil spending increases.
  • But even diehard proponents of education funding reform say the House Education Committee’s approach could do more harm than good.
  • “It’s unfortunate, taking away more authority from local school boards and local decision makers and local voters,” Scheuermann says.
  • The House Committee on Ways and Means will d
  • bate the proposed spending cap when lawmakers return to Montpelier next week. Sh
  • arpe says the version of the cap in the education committee’s bill is admittedly flawed, insofar as it fails to recognize various factors that might make a per-pupil spending increases of more than 2 percent necessary for some districts.
  •  
    Cap on School Spending per pupil, Vermont
Nathan Gingras

Educational Leadership:Giving Students Meaningful Work:Seven Essentials for Project-Bas... - 1 views

  • A project is meaningful if it fulfills two criteria. First, students must perceive the work as personally meaningful, as a task that matters and that they want to do well. Second, a meaningful project fulfills an educational purpose. Well-designed and well-implemented project-based learning is meaningful in both ways.
  • Teachers can powerfully activate students' need to know content by launching a project with an "entry event" that engages interest and initiates questioning. An entry event can be almost anything: a video, a lively discussion, a guest speaker, a field trip, or a piece of mock correspondence that sets up a scenario.
  • A good driving question captures the heart of the project in clear, compelling language, which gives students a sense of purpose and challenge.
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  • In terms of making a project feel meaningful to students, the more voice and choice, the better.
  • A project should give students opportunities to build such 21st century skills as collaboration, communication, critical thinking, and the use of technology, which will serve them well in the workplace and life. This exposure to authentic skills meets the second criterion for meaningful work—an important purpose. A teacher in a project-based learning environment explicitly teaches and assesses these skills and provides frequent opportunities for students to assess themselves.
  • Formalizing a process for feedback and revision during a project makes learning meaningful because it emphasizes that creating high-quality products and performances is an important purpose of the endeavor. Students need to learn that most people's first attempts don't result in high quality and that revision is a frequent feature of real-world work.
  • In addition to providing direct feedback, the teacher should coach students in using rubrics or other sets of criteria to critique one another's work. Teachers can arrange for experts or adult mentors to provide feedback, which is especially meaningful to students because of the source.
  • When students present their work to a real audience, they care more about its quality. Once again, it's "the more, the better" when it comes to authenticity. Students might replicate the kinds of tasks done by professionals—but even better, they might create real products that people outside school use.
marciapeterson

The Trouble with Leadership Theories - HBR - 1 views

  • Rob’s answer wasn’t really what Collins meant by Level-5 leadership. Yet it was powerful in its own right. I could understand where Rob stood and what he believed. The power, of course, didn’t come from just his words; it came from his strong connection to them. That connection was missing when he tried to use Level-5 leadership as shorthand for his own thinking.
  • The statements are powerful because they’re not polished. They’re just what you believe
  • The language of leadership has become so cookie-cutter and cliché that we filter it out. Of course, the act of great leadership is never cliché. It’s an art. It should be informed by smart research, yet it should be shaped by on-the-ground experience. Both are critical.
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    The Trouble with Leadership Theories
Emily Wood

What does research really say about iPads in the classroom? | eSchool News - 0 views

  • would like to use iPads meaningfully in their classrooms, they can’t because of time, access, and training
  • very few of her school’s teachers were using iPads in the classroom beyond the usual Friday afternoon fun time and as a reward for being “good.”
    • Emily Wood
       
      This is the current use of our limited number of iPads.
  • time to “play” on the iPads
    • Emily Wood
       
      Free Space like the Heath's proposed in their book.
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  • Working with mentor teachers, we found that they had an assumption that young student teachers would naturally know the latest and greatest. The truth is that some do but many don’t, so training is essential!
  • They became models for the classroom teachers
  • All classes in our research site were inclusive with a diverse community of learners at every grade level including students with IEPs, 504 plans, autism spectrum disorders, and English language learners.
  • made the mistake of assuming the kids would immediately know how to use the technology in an appropriate way.
  • Success was more attributable to the fact that teachers who integrated iPads into their lessons tended to do more Project Based Learning (PBL), which has been found to improve student learning across grade levels (Cheu-Jay, 2015)
    • Emily Wood
       
      This fits one of my change visions from my destination postcard: more PBL!
  • the hard-to-reach, reluctant, oppositional Edwards all became engaged when introduced to opportunities that the iPad gave them.
  • students enjoy learning and stay more focused when using iPads
  • with a little hands-on support, created technology-rich lessons with a minimum of training or professional development. The bottom line was that when we mixed training with support we created a successful and innovative learning experience for teachers and their students.
bsteven1

Guidelines for Online Course Accessibility - 0 views

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    Traditionally, when a face-to-face student requested a sign language interpreter or other assistance, individualized accommodation arrangements were made through institutional channels.With the advent of online courses, however, the concept of accessibility has emerged. In contrast to the reactive, customized approach of accommodation, accessibility means proactively identifying and removing as many barriers to instruction as possible-before a course is ever opened for registration.
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