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“Unlike previous disruptions such as when farming machinery displaced farm workers but created factory jobs making the machines, robotics and AI are different. Due to their versatility and growing capabilities, not just a few economic sectors will be affected, but whole swaths will be. This is already being seen now in areas from robocalls to lights-out manufacturing. Economic efficiency will be the driver. The social consequence is that good-paying jobs will be increasingly scarce."

For those who expect AI and robotics to significantly displace human employment, these displacements seem certain to lead to an increase in income inequality, a continued hollowing out of the middle class, and even riots, social unrest, and/or the creation of a permanent, unemployable “underclass”.

truck driver is the number-one occupation for men in the U.S.

The best results from computer-based learning are seen with Computer-Cooperative Pair Learning (0.96), where two students will work together to complete a computer-based learning task.

First, students are engaged through activation of a schema. Basically, setting the stage for learning something new by invoking things they already know.  Second, students do an experiment where they are allowed to “mess around” with a concrete phenomenon.  Third, an extensive class or tutorial discussion or activity takes place where students attempt to make sense of what they’ve seen.  This is the most critical stage, and must include scaffolding, guided questioning, modeling, shaping, concept mapping and so on.  Finally, having developed a set of principles or a theory, students are made to apply the theory to a novel problem or situation.  Some have formalized this learning cycle into four stages and an acronym: Activation (A; the set up), Concrete (C; the experiment), Invent (I; the discussion etc.), and Apply (A; the application to a novel problem); ACIA.

direct instruction method (lecturing to small classes) gets a bum wrap that it doesn’t deserve.  It works very well provided instructors are versed in the proper use of questioning, scaffolding (building a mental framework to accompany the knowledge), and modeling (showing students good example of what they want and expect).