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Understanding technology means understanding how the two levels relate and constitute a world. There are two forms of ethics and two forms of knowledge that must be combined both intellectually and practically. Simondon obviously strives to do just that.

Yet, in every case the platform of value systems used to portray the drama involves the dynamics of polality-logic structures as the best formal state to portray ‘involvement’ and resolution.

The speculative view is in one sense wider than the practical, for the former includes not only voluntary actions, (the province of the practical view,) but also actions which are not voluntary, as well as results which are not strictly speaking actions at all, such as the faces turned up by dice. In the great majority of subjects to which this view introduces us, mora] praise and blame have no applicability. When therefore the two views are confused together, we are sometimes apt, not merely to hamper our practice by fatalism, but even to run the risk of debasing our moral judgment by regarding the actions of men with the indifference with which we regard the happening of things. There is danger, for example, lest we should not merely believe that the number of murders or suicides are so fixed that efforts are unavailing to counteract them, but even that we should feel little more affected at the commission of crimes than at the successions of the throws of a die.

the ordinary European mind is protected by a healthy instinct of incredulity. We should try in vain, by any effort, to persuade people that each agent could not generally alter his conduct if he pleased, or, consequently, that any body of men could not produce an appreciable effect if they were to try. The plain man feels that such statements as these are absurd; the thinker knows that, whichever way the doctrine of Necessity be settled, that doctrine does in no way whatever come into contact with the practical problems of life when stated in the above form.

( x13) Sloman argues that there is no clear boundery between things that do and things that do not understand symbols.

'Map' the sonic territories

Instead, I have in mind the distinction between the laboratory, where cognition is studied in captivity, and the everyday world, where human cognition adapts to its natural surroundings.

The attempt is cultural in nature, giving recognition to the fact that human cognition differs from the cognition of all other animals primarily because it is intrinsically a cultural phenomenon.

The words of the analytical language created by John Wilkins are not mere arbitrary symbols; each letter in them has a meaning, like those from the Holy Writ had for the Cabbalists. Mauthner points out that children would be able to learn this language without knowing it be artificial; afterwards, at school, they would discover it being an universal code and a secret encyclopaedia.