http://www.biausa.org/businesscouncil/documents/ebr_cicerone_2000.pdf

Cicerone, K., Dahlberg, C., Kalmar, K., Langenbaln, D., Malec, J. Bergquist, T. Giacina, J., Harley, J., Harrington, D., Herzog, J., Kneipp, S., Laatsch, L., & Morse, P. (2000). Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 81, 1596-615.

Study is to establish evidence-based recommendations through methodical review of the scientific literature over the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation for traumatic brain injury and stroke treatments. The study found that support for the effectiveness of several forms of cognitive rehabilitation exists.

http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Maria_Muellersdorf/publication/232067733_Needs_and_Problems_Related_to_Occupational_Therapy_as_Perceived_by_Adult_Swedes_with_Long-Term_Pain/links/544635770cf2d62c304dab64.pdf

Mullersdorf, M. (2002). Needs and problems related to occupational therapy as perceived by swedes with long-term pain. Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 9, 79-90.

The purpose of the study was to discover the perceived needs of the patients and number of visits to explore the differences and pain related characteristics. Results reported needs/issues with temporal balance, greater effort to complete ADLs, and stress/tense due to pain. Those who had higher needs for therapy for more difficultly completing ADLs reported higher scores for depressive symptoms.

http://hw.haifa.ac.il/images/stories/files/occupation/bnei_brak/madrich/fieldwork_education_2001.pdf


Aiken, F., Menaker, L., & Barsky, L. (2001). Fieldwork education: The future of occupational therapy depends on it. Occupational Therapy International. 8 (2), 86-95.

The authors of literature discuss how important fieldwork is to the professional field and the barriers standing in the way of making it the experience students need to become entry-level clinicians. The paper describes the development, implementation, and evaluation of two fieldwork projects and focuses on the processes needed to facilitate innovative and flexible fieldwork models.

http://img2.timg.co.il/CommunaFiles/19988198.pdf

Hanna, K. and Rodger, S. (2002). Toward family-centered practice in pediatric occupational therapy: A review of the literature on parent-therapist collaboration. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 49, 14-24.

The authors of this literature address the professional responsibility of therapy to go with current trends of becoming more family-centered care and involving the parents in their child's intervention. The paper discusses issues and provides suggestions to help guide professionals in their clinical practice based on literature on parent-therapist relationships.

http://jme.bmj.com/content/24/3/193.full.pdf

Barnitt, R. (2015). Ethical dilemmas in occupational therapy and physical therapy: A survey of practitioners in the uk national health service. Journal of Medical Ethics, 24, 193-199.

Using a structured questionnaire the author identified ethical dilemmas experienced by OT and PT working in the UK to compare ethical contexts, themes and principles across the both fields. The study reported a different experiences between the two fields with OT mostly experiencing ethical dilemmas in mental health settings with common areas of difficult/dangerous behaviors in patients and unprofessional staff behavior. The results suggest that OT primarily experience issues concerned with health care ethics so professionals/teachers should be aware of work settings and the interdisciplinary nature of employment .

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0004951408700059?np=y
May, S., Greasley, A., Reeve, S., & Withers, S. (2008). Expert therapists use specific clinical reasoning processes in the assessment and management of patients with shoulder pain: A qualitative study. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy, 54 (4), 261-266. DOI: 10.1016/S0004-9514(08)70005-9

A qualitative study of 26 experts answering the question What are the key items in the clinical reasoning process which expert clinicians identify as being relevant to the assessment and management of patients with shoulder pain? The study concluded that the expert therapists primarily used both diagnostic and narrative reasoning. There was an emphasis on history and basic physical examination procedures when making clinical decisions. This is important when we consider the processes used to make clinical decisions in our future careers.

Nilsen, D. M., Gillen, G., & Gordon, A. M. (2010). Use of mental practice to improve upper-limb recovery after stroke: A systematic review. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 64, 695-708. doi: 10.5014/ajot.2010.09034

This article is a systematic review to determine the evidence behind the use of mental practice as an intervention to improve upper-limb functional recovery for clients who have had a stroke. The review covered articles from 1985 to 2009 that varied in design, characteristics, and out-come measures. The authors did concluded that mental practice combined with physical practice was found to be an effective method for upper-limb intervention post stroke.

Teitelman, J., & Copolillo, A. (2005). Psychosocial issues in older adults' adjustment to vision loss: Findings from qualita- tive interviews and focus groups. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 59, 409-417.

The authors of this article aimed to determine the psychosocial needs for clients adjusting to visual changes through a qualitative study. The focus groups and in-depth interviews presented three common themes for psychosocial experiences: emotional challenges, negative emotional outcomes, and indicators of emotional adaptations. The authors discuss the three areas and how they may be used for therapeutic interventions among individuals experience low vision.

Ozelie, R., Janow, J., Kreutz, C., Mulry, M.K., & Penkala, A. (2014). Supervision of occupational therapy level II fieldwork students: Impact on and predictors of clinician productivity. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, (69) 1-7. Doi: 10.5014/ajot.2015.013532

This study aimed to determine the effects on clinicians' productivity rates when supervising level II occupational therapy students and if years of experience, practice setting, and productivity rate without a student can be used as predictors. The study concluded supervising a level II student had no effect on a clinician's rate of productivity when compared to productivity rates without a student. Thus the authors concluded that practice area and productivity rate without students are important predictors to productivity rate when supervising a student.

Arbesman, M., Lieberman, D., & Metzler, C. A. (2014). Health Policy Perspectives-Using evidence to promote the distinct value of occupational therapy. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 68, 381-385. http://dx.doi.org/10.5014/ ajot.2014.684002

This article discusses the importance of using the occupational therapy framework, practice guidelines, and evidence-based interventions as professionals. The health care reform in both public and private sector has pushed for definable outcomes through evidence-base practice for reimbursement purposes. As professionals it is important for occupational therapist provide effective and cost-effective care based off of supporting evidence.

Greene, D. (1997). The use of service learning in client environments to enhance ethical reasoning in students. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, (51) 844-852.
Doi:10.5014/ajot.51.10.844

http://ajot.aota.org/article.aspx?articleid=1862482&resultClick=3

The objective of the study was to examine the development of psychosocial and moral reasoning of students who spent time and interacted with older adults and persons with disabilities during service learning. Participants kept journals through out the process and a comparison of pre-post test of the Student Development task and Lifestyle Inventory and the Sociomoral Reflection Measure-Short Form were used for results. The results showed that there was an increase in psychosocial development but no increase in moral reasoning, as well as a decrease over time in moral reasoning for those who interacted with persons with disabilities. The author concluded that the results raise the question of if these students lack the readiness to engage in ethical reasoning as entry-level practitioners.

Roger, J.C., Holm, M.B. (1991). Occupational therapy diagnostic reasoning: A component of clinical reasoning. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, (45) 1045-1053.
Doi:10.5014/ajot.45.11.1045

http://ajot.aota.org/Article.aspx?articleid=1877114

This article focuses on the diagnostic reasoning aspect of the clinical reasoning occupational therapists use when planning interventions. The author discusses the process through which therapists create a clinical image of their patient based off more than just the diagnosis. Diagnostic reasoning is used to help define deficits and assets of the patient so that through clinical reasoning occupational therapists can find a balance between them to enhance the patient's occupational status.