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From: Miriam van Reijen & Marko Heneweer, October 2010. Summary (from the article): Running economy (RE) is one of the most important factors that determine superior performance in elite long distance runners. The ability to run at high speeds while using a minimum of energy allows runners to spare the limited amount of muscle glycogen. Conclusion In summary, no differences were found in running economy between long and short distance or in running economy at one absolute and five relative velocities. Out of a number of anthropometric variables measured, moment arm of the Achilles and BMI are most predictive of the variation in running economy in this heterogeneous group of runners. Training volume shows a complex, but important relationship with running economy.