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Testosterone Replacement in Hypogonadal Men With Type 2 Diabetes and/or Metabolic Syndr... - 0 views
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Testosterone Deficiency in Young Men: Marked Alterations in Whole Body Protein Kinetics... - 0 views
press.endocrine.org/...jcem.83.6.4892
low T low Testosterone muscle muscle mass strength fat obesity adipose tissue metabolism hormone hormones men male
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 06 Mar 15
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Relationship between low free testosterone levels and loss of muscle mass. - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...23660939
free Testosterone total Testosterone muscle Testosterone sarcopenia muscle loss men male hormone hormones
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 05 Apr 15
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Effects of Age and Sedentary Lifestyle on Skeletal Muscle NF-κB Signaling in Men - 0 views
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Testosterone-induced muscle hypertrophy is associated with an increase in satellite cel... - 0 views
ajpendo.physiology.org/...E197.long
Testosterone muscle muscle mass men male hormone hormones muscle satellite cells
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 14 Apr 15
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http://www.uclouvain.be/cps/ucl/doc/ir-ldri/images/BINDELS2013IJBCLB.pdf - 0 views
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Changes in muscle mass with mechanical load: possible cellular mechanismsThis... - 0 views
www.nrcresearchpress.com/...H09-010
resistance training weight training weight lifting mTOR muscle exercise
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 20 Mar 15
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Testosterone physiology in resistance exercise an... [Sports Med. 2010] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...21058750
resistance exercise physiology testosterone men male hormone hormones
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 29 Jul 14
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In general, testosterone concentration is elevated directly following heavy resistance exercise in men
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Findings on the testosterone response in women are equivocal with both increases and no changes observed in response to a bout of heavy resistance exercise
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Aging beyond 35-40 years is associated with a 1-3% decline per year in circulating testosterone concentration in men
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In women, circulating testosterone concentration also gradually declines until menopause, after which a drastic reduction is found.
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Longitudinal Effects of Aging on Serum Total and Free Testosterone Levels in Healthy Me... - 0 views
press.endocrine.org/...jcem.86.2.7219
low t low Testosterone Testosterone SHBG FAI free androgen index male hormone hormones aging obesity
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 Mar 15
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NUMEROUS CROSS-SECTIONAL INVESTIGATIONS have demonstrated lower concentrations of circulating testosterone (T) and/or free T in older men
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T levels decline at a more or less constant rate, with age, in men, with no period of accelerated decline
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aging in men is associated with decreases in bone mineral density (BMD) (18, 19), lean body and muscle mass
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strength (22, 23) and aerobic capacity (24), as well as with increases in total and abdominal body fat, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and/or low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratios (25, 26, 27, 28), all of which also occur in nonelderly hypogonadal men
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Most (1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9), but not all (10, 11, 12), cross-sectional studies have demonstrated a decrease, with age, in total T in men
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total T, but not free T index, tended to decrease with greater BMI is consistent with prior studies showing that obesity is associated with decreases in both SHBG and total T, with an unchanged T-to-SHBG ratio
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The conventional definition for T levels is statistical (values more than 2 sd below the mean), rather than functional. Such a definition does not reflect clinical realities, such as the existence of characteristic individual set points for circulating hormone levels, below which one, but not another, individual may develop metabolic changes of hormone deficiency; nor does it address the concept of reserve capacity, the possibility that persons with hormone levels 2 sd below the population mean still may have adequate hormone concentrations to meet their metabolic needs.
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both T and free T index (a calculated value related to free or bioavailable T) decreased progressively at a rate that did not vary significantly with age, from the third to the ninth decades.
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contrasts with other studies showing diminished free, as well as total, T in with increasing total (48) or abdominal (49) obesity in men.
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Our analysis of date-adjusted T and free T index levels, by decade, showed that relatively high numbers of older men in this generally healthy population had at least one hypogonadal value (defined as below the 2.5th percentile for young men)
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The issue of how properly to define hypogonadism, or indeed any hormone deficiency, remains problematic
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The decrease in free T index was somewhat steeper than that of total T, owing to a trend for an increase in SHBG with age
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It would clearly be better to define the lower limit of normal for a hormone as: the blood level at which metabolic and/or clinical sequelae of hormone deficiency begin to appear, or the level below which definite benefits can be demonstrated for hormone supplementation for a significant proportion of the population
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an effect of aging to lower both total and bioavailable circulating T levels at a relatively constant rate, independent of obesity, illness, medications, cigarette smoking, or alcohol intake
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Article highlights the problems with the definition of low T. This article finds consistent decline in Total Testosterone and FAI with increasing age groups, with a significant portion of men > 60 meeting the required levels for "low T". This study found a decrease in total T and FAI at a consistent rate independent of variables, such as BMI. This study did find a decrease in SHBG and total T with obesity; in contrast to other studies.
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Total testosterone may not decline with ageing in Korean men aged 40 years or older. - ... - 0 views
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...22372615
total Testosterone ageing men male hormone hormones Testosterone glucose waist circumference BMI
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International Journal of Obesity - Abstract of article: Antibiotic use and childhood bo... - 0 views
www.nature.com/...ijo2015218a.html
antibiotics gut microbiota gut flora gut microbiome gut metabolism
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 26 Oct 15
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study finds that increased use of antibiotics throughout childhood leads to increased weight in adulthood. The authors observed "reversible, persistent, and progressive effects. We shouldn't be surprised. This effect has been seen in the cattle industry for years. Also displays the amazing effects of the gut flora on metabolism.
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Weight Cuff - 0 views
www.wheelchairindia.com/...Tynor-Weight-Cuff
The Best Exercise for Strengthening Shoulders improve muscle strength Iron pellets filled cuff multiple sclerosis patients rehab therapy programs allowing sufficient flexibility
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Tynor Weight Cuff Tynor Weight cuffs are used to exercise ailing joints to build strength and aid recovery. Tynor Weight Cuff is flexible and cushion, so it does not injure. Recommended for use to improve muscle tone, muscle mass, strength and stamina. Tynor Weight Cuff Features Offers 1 kg resistance when wrapped around Weight is wrapped in comfortable and soft fabric Used to build muscles, flexibility or to lose weight Can be secured easily around to prevent injuries or accidents Cuff is safe to be used during everyday activities as well Tynor Weight Cuff Measurements Sizes Available: 1/2 Kg / 1Kg / 2 Kg
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Anticancer mechanisms of cannabinoids - 0 views
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modulating key cell signalling pathways involved in the control of cancer cell proliferation and survival
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cannabinoids inhibit angiogenesis and decrease metastasis in various tumour types in laboratory animals
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of the approximately 108 cannabinoids produced by C. sativa, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (thc) is the most relevant because of its high potency and abundance in plant preparations
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Tetrahydrocannabinol exerts a wide variety of biologic effects by mimicking endogenous substances—the endocannabinoids anandamide3 and 2-arachidonoylglycerol4,5—that engage specific cell-surface cannabinoid receptors
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the cb2 receptor was initially described to be present in the immune system6, but was more recently shown to also be expressed in cells from other origins
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Most of the effects produced by cannabinoids in the nervous system and in non-neural tissues rely on cb1 receptor activation
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cannabinoid receptors and their endogenous ligands are both generally upregulated in tumour tissue compared with non-tumour tissue
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cb2 promotes her2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) pro-oncogenic signalling in breast cancer
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pharmacologic stimulation of cb receptors is, in most cases, antitumourigenic. Nonetheless, a few reports have proposed a tumour-promoting effect of cannabinoids
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most prevalent effect is the induction of cancer cell death by apoptosis and the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation
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thc and other cannabinoids induce the apoptotic death of glioma cells by cb1- and cb2-dependent stimulation
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Autophagy is primarily a cytoprotective mechanism, although its activation can also lead to cell death
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the effect of cannabinoids in hormone- dependent tumours might rely, at least in part, on the ability to interfere with the activation of growth factor receptors
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glioma cells), pharmacologic blockade of either cb1 or cb2 prevents cannabinoid-induced cell death with similar efficacy
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other types of cancer cells (pancreatic48, breast24, or hepatic43 carcinoma cells, for example), antagonists of cb2 but not of cb1 inhibit cannabinoid antitumour actions
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cannabidiol (cbd), a phytocannabinoid with a low affinity for cannabinoid receptors15, and other marijuana-derived cannabinoids57 have also been proposed to promote the apoptotic death of cancer cells acting independently of the cb1 and cb2 receptors
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In cancer cells, cannabinoids block the activation of the vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) pathway, an inducer of angiogenesi
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In vascular endothelial cells, cannabinoid receptor activation inhibits proliferation and migration, and induces apoptosis
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cb1 or cb2 receptor agonists (or both) reduce the formation of distant tumour masses in animal models of both induced and spontaneous metastasis, and inhibit adhesion, migration, and invasiveness of glioma64, breast65,66, lung67,68, and cervical68 cancer cells in culture
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the ceramide/p8–regulated pathway plays a general role in the antitumour activity of cannabinoids targeting cb1 and cb2
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cbd, by acting independently of the cb1 and cb2 receptors, produces a remarkable anti-tumour effect—including reduction of invasiveness and metastasis
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recent observations suggest that the combined administration of cannabinoids with other anticancer drugs acts synergistically to reduce tumour growth
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combined administration of gemcitabine (the benchmark agent for the treatment of pancreatic cancer) and various cannabinoid agonists synergistically reduced the viability of pancreatic cancer cells
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Other reports indicated that anandamide and HU-210 might also enhance the anticancer activity of paclitaxel89 and 5-fluorouracil90 respectively
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Combined administration of thc and cbd enhances the anticancer activity of thc and reduces the dose of thc needed to induce its tumour growth-inhibiting activity
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Preclinical animal models have yielded data indicating that systemic (oral or intraperitoneal) administration of cannabinoids effectively decreases tumour growth
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Combinations of cannabinoids with classical chemotherapeutic drugs such as the alkylating agent temozolomide (the benchmark agent for the management of glioblastoma80,84) have been shown to produce a strong anticancer action in animal models
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pharmacologic inhibition of egfr, erk83, or akt enhances the cell-death-promoting action of thc in glioma cultures (unpublished observations by the authors), which suggests that targeting egfr and the akt and erk pathways could enhance the antitumour effect of cannabinoids
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The Pharmacokinetics and Interactions of Ivermectin in Humans-A Mini-review - 0 views
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second rise in plasma levels (mostly occurring between 6 and 12 h after the dose) suggesting an enterohepatic recycling of the drug
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the optimal dose of ivermectin is 150 μg/kg, but the frequency of administration is still controversial, ranging from 150 μg/kg once to three times yearly.
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To interrupt the transmission of onchocerciasis in humans, the combination of ivermectin and doxycycline is highly effective as, in infested patients, the ingestion of the anthelmintic (200 μg/kg, single dose) and the antibacterial (100 mg/kg, daily for 6 weeks)
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This issue becames important, as combination chemotherapy is being used with increasing frequency as resistance to antiparasitic agents is becoming more widespread.
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prothrombin times were significantly above baseline by one week to one month after drug ingestion, suggesting an antagonist effect against vitamin K
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prolonged prothrombin ratios were observed in 148 subjects given ivermectin orally. Although no patients suffered bleeding complications, factor II and VII levels were reduced in most of them, suggesting interference with vitamin K metabolism
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Ivermectin has a minimal effect on coagulation and concern about mass treatment for this reason appears to be unjustified
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FDG-PET/CT imaging biomarkers in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma - 0 views
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F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT is sensitive for the diagnosis and initial staging of several types of malignancies
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SUV is a semiquantitative measure of the normalized concentration of radioactivity in a tumor or lesion
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As FDG is the most common radiotracer used clinically and reflects tumor glucose metabolism, SUV is used as a surrogate marker for tumor metabolism.
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FDG uptake not only reflects tumor burden/stage but also expresses, at least in part, some intrinsic biologic characteristic(s) of the tumor
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SUVmax reflects the highest voxel value within the ROI or VOI. It is the most widely used parameter to measure metabolic tumor activity in oncologic FDG-PET/CT imaging
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Several studies suggest that primary tumor baseline SUVmax also has predictive value in assessing the tumor burden, lymph node involvement and local extension
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According to EORTC, a drop (delta between baseline and post-therapy) of 15–25% in SUVmax may represent a good treatment response
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PERCIST criteria was proposed by the investigators at the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions and suggested that a decrease in SUV normalized to lean body mass of at least 30% should be achieved before considering partial tumor response
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Frontiers | Branched-Chain Amino Acid Ingestion Stimulates Muscle Myofibrillar Protein ... - 1 views
journal.frontiersin.org/...full
BCAA amino acids resistance training exercise recovery exercise muscle
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 18 Jul 17
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BCAAs exhibit the capacity to stimulate myofibrillar-MPS, however a full complement of EAA could be necessary to stimulate a maximal response of myofibrillar-MPS following resistance exercise
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This information potentially has important nutritional implications for selecting amino acid supplements to facilitate skeletal muscle hypertrophy in response to resistance exercise training and the maintenance of muscle mass during aging, unloading, or disease
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results from the present study suggest that ingesting BCAAs alone, without the other EAA, provides limited substrate for protein synthesis in exercised muscles
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the overall response of MPS is not maximized. Instead, the limited availability of EAA likely explains the qualitative difference in magnitude of the MPS response to ingestion of BCAAs alone and ingestion of similar amounts of BCAAs as part of intact whey protein
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these data support the notion that EAA availability is the rate-limiting factor for stimulating a maximal MPS response to resistance exercise with BCAA ingestion
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Resistance Training for Glycemic Control, Muscular Strength, and Lean Body Mass in Old ... - 0 views
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...28382531
diabetes sarcopenia sarcopenic obesity muscle weight lifting resistance training
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 17 Apr 17
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