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Nathan Goodyear

Body mass index in relation to semen quality and ... [Hum Reprod. 2013] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...24129611

Testosterone free SHBG BMI sperm concentration male hormone h ormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 30 Oct 13
     
    negative correlation found with total testosterone, free testosterone, SHBG, and BMI.  No correlation with sperm quality noted.  Of interesting note, the summer season was associated with a decrease sperm concentration.
Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone Deficiency, Cardiac Health, and Older Men - 0 views

www.hindawi.com/...143763

low T Testosterone obesity type II diabetes diabetes health wellness metabolic syndrome lipids cholesterol hypogonadism TDS testicular dysgenesis syndrome men male hormone hormones prostate cancer

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 12 May 14 - No Cached
  • Studies have shown pharmacological doses of testosterone to relax coronary arteries when injected intraluminally [39] and to produce modest but consistent improvement in exercise-induced angina and reverse associated ECG changes [40]. The mechanism of action is via blockade of calcium channels with effect of similar magnitude to nifedipine
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 12 May 14
       
      This directly refutes the recent studies (3) that Testosterone therapy increases cardiovascular events.
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 13 May 14
       
      Testosterone acts as a calcium channel blocker inducing vasodilation.
  • men with chronic stable angina pectoris, the ischaemic threshold increased after 4 weeks of TRT and a recent study demonstrates improvement continuing beyond 12 months [
  • Exercise capacity in men with chronic heart failure increased after 12 weeks
  • ...36 more annotations...
  • Studies have shown an inverse relationship between serum testosterone and fasting blood glucose and insulin levels
  • Medications such as chronic analgesics, anticonvulsants, 5ARIs, and androgen ablation therapy are associated with increased risk of testosterone deficiency and insulin resistance
  • Women with T2D or metabolic syndrome characteristically have low SHBG and high free testosterone
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 12 May 14
       
      This stands in polar opposite of that with men.
  • Hypogonadism is a common feature of the metabolic syndrome
  • The precise interaction between insulin resistance, visceral adiposity, and hypogonadism is, as yet, unclear but the important mechanisms are through increased aromatase production, raised leptin levels, and increase in inflammatory kinins
  • levels of testosterone are reduced in proportion to degree of obesity
  • Men should be encouraged to combine aerobic exercise with strength training. As muscle increases, glucose will be burned more efficiently and insulin levels will fall. A minimum of 30 minutes exercise three times weekly should be advised
  • Testosterone increases levels of fast-twitch muscle fibres
  • By increasing testosterone, levels of type 2 fibres increase and glucose burning improves
  • Weight loss will increase levels of testosterone
  • studies now clearly show that low testosterone leads to visceral obesity and metabolic syndrome and is also a consequence of obesity
  • In the case of MMAS [43], a baseline total testosterone of less than 10.4 nmol/L was associated with a greater than 4-fold incidence of type 2 diabetes over the next 9 years
  • There is high level evidence that TRT improves insulin resistance
  • Low testosterone predicts increased mortality and testosterone therapy improves survival in 587 men with type 2 diabetes
  • A similar retrospective US study involved 1031 men with 372 on TRT. The cumulative mortality was 21% in the untreated group versus 10% ( ) in the treated group with the greatest effect in younger men and those with type 2 diabetes
  • the presence of ED has been shown to be an independent risk factor, particularly in hypogonadal men, increasing the risk of cardiac events by over 50%
  • A recent online publication on ischaemic heart disease mortality in men concluded optimal androgen levels are a biomarker for survival
  • inverse associations between low TT or FT (Table 2) and the severity of CAD
  • A recent 10 year study from Western Australia involving 3690 men followed up from 2001–2010 concluded that TT and FT levels in the normal range were associated with decreased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, for the first time suggesting that both low and DHT are associated with all-cause mortality and higher levels of DHT reduced cardiovascular risk
  • TDS is associated with increased cardiovascular and all-cause mortality
  • The effect of treatment with TRT reduced the mortality rate of treated cohort (8.4%) to that of the eugonadal group whereas the mortality for the untreated remained high at 19.2%
  • hypogonadal men had slightly increased triglycerides and HDL
  • Men with angiographically proven CAD (coronary artery disease) have significantly lower testosterone levels [29] compared to controls ( ) and there was a significant inverse relationship between the degree of CAD and TT (total testosterone) levels
  • TRT has also been shown to reduce fibrinogen to levels similar to fibrates
  • men treated with long acting testosterone showed highly significant reductions in TC, LDL, and triglycerides with increase in HDL, associated with significant reduction in weight, BMI, and visceral fat
  • Low androgen levels are associated with an increase in inflammatory markers
  • In the Moscow study, C-reactive protein was reduced by TRT at 30 weeks versus placebo
  • In some studies, a decline in diastolic blood pressure has been observed, after 3–9 months [24, 26] and in systolic blood pressure
  • A decline was noted in IL6 and TNF-alpha
  • No studies to date show an increase in LUTS/BPH symptoms with higher serum testosterone levels
  • TRT has been shown to upregulate PDE5 [65] and enhance the effect of PDE5Is (now an accepted therapy for both ED and LUTS), it no longer seems logical to advice avoidance of TRT in men with mild to moderate BPH.
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 12 May 14
       
      What about just starting with normalization of Testosterone levels first.
  • Several meta-analyses have failed to show a link between TRT and development of prostate cancer [66] but some studies have shown a tendency for more aggressive prostate cancer in men with low testosterone
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 12 May 14
       
      And if one would have looked at their estrogen levels, I guarantee they would have been found to be elevated.
  • low bioavailable testosterone and high SHBG were associated with a 4.9- and 3.2-fold risk of positive biopsy
  • Current EAU, ISSAM, and BSSM guidance [1, 2] is that there is “no evidence TRT is associated with increased risk of prostate cancer or activation of subclinical cancer.”
  • Men with prostate cancer, treated with androgen deprivation, develop an increase of fat mass with an altered lipid profile
  • Erectile dysfunction is an established marker for future cardiovascular risk and the major presenting symptom leading to a diagnosis of low testosterone
Nathan Goodyear

Small Differences in Thyroid Function May Be Important for Body Mass Index and the Occurrence of Obesity in the Population: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism: Vol 90, No 7 - 0 views

press.endocrine.org/...jc.2004-2225

Thyroid hypothyroid hypothyroidism hormone hormones BMI metabolism obesity weight

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 24 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 24 Sep 14
     
    Even small movements of thyroid function within the "reference rage of normal" is associated with significant metabolic, BMI, and weight effects.
Nathan Goodyear

Global burden of cancer attributable to high body-mass index in 2012: a population-based study - The Lancet Oncology - 0 views

www.thelancet.com/...abstract

BMI cancer obesity

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 21 Jan 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 21 Jan 15
     
    Worldwide increase in BMI is associated with increase in Cancer.  This article, abstract only available here, found that up to 6% of new cancer cases is associated with a high BMI.
Nathan Goodyear

Diet-Induced Dysbiosis of the Intestinal Microbiota and the Effects on Immunity and Disease - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3448089

dysbiosis diet nutrition metabolic endotoxemia disease inflammation gut

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 27 Jul 14 - No Cached
  • The gut microbiota participates in the body’s metabolism by affecting energy balance, glucose metabolism, and low-grade inflammation associated with obesity and related metabolic disorders
  • Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes represent the two largest phyla in the human and mouse microbiota and a shift in the ratio of these phyla has been associated with many disease conditions, including obesity
  • In obese humans, there is decreased abundance of Bacteroidetes compared to lean individuals
  • ...21 more annotations...
  • weight loss in obese individuals results in an increase in the abundance of Bacteroidetes
  • there is conflicting evidence on the composition of the obese microbiota phenotype with regards to Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes ratios
  • Bifidobacteria spp. from the phyla Actinobacteria, has been shown to be depleted in both obese mice and human subjects
  • While it is not yet clear which specific microbes are inducing or preventing obesity, evidence suggests that the microbiota is a factor.
  • targeted manipulation of the microbiota results in divergent metabolic outcomes depending on the composition of the diet
  • The microbiota has been linked to insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes (T2D) via metabolic syndrome and indeed the microbiota of individuals with T2D is also characterized by an increased Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio, as well as an increase in Bacillus and Lactobacillus spp
  • It was also observed that the ratio of Bacteriodes-Prevotella to C. coccoides-E. rectale positively correlated with glucose levels but did not correlate with body mass index [80]. This suggests that the microbiota may influence T2D in conjunction with or independently of obesity
  • In humans, high-fat Western-style diets fed to individuals over one month can induce a 71% increase in plasma levels of endotoxins, suggesting that endotoxemia may develop in individuals with GI barrier dyfunction connected to dysbiosis
  • LPS increases macrophage infiltration essential for systemic inflammation preceding insulin resistance, LPS alone does not impair glucose metabolism
  • early treatment of dysbiosis may slow down or prevent the epidemic of metabolic diseases and hence the corresponding lethal cardiovascular consequences
  • increased Firmicutes and decreased Bacteroidetes, which is the microbial profile found in lean phenotypes, along with an increase in Bifidobacteria spp. and Lactobacillus spp
  • mouse and rat models of T1D have been shown to have microbiota marked by decreased diversity and decreased Lactobacillus spp., as well as a decrease in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio
  • microbial antigens through the innate immune system are involved in T1D progression
  • The microbiota appears to be essential in maintaining the Th17/Treg cell balance in intestinal tissues, mesenteric and pancreatic lymph nodes, and in developing insulitis, although progression to overt diabetes has not been shown to be controlled by the microbiota
  • There is evidence that dietary and microbial antigens independently influence T1D
  • Lactobacillus johnsonii N6.2 protects BB-rats from T1D by mediating intestinal barrier function and inflammation [101,102] and a combination probiotic VSL#3 has been shown to attenuate insulitis and diabetes in NOD mice
  • breast fed infants have higher levels of Bifidobacteria spp. while formula fed infants have higher levels of Bacteroides spp., as well as increased Clostridium coccoides and Lactobacillus spp
  • the composition of the gut microbiota strongly correlates with diet
  • In mice fed a diet high in fat, there are many key gut population changes, such as the absence of gut barrier-protecting Bifidobacteria spp
  • diet has a dominating role in shaping gut microbiota and changing key populations may transform healthy gut microbiota into a disease-inducing entity
  • “Western” diet, which is high in sugar and fat, causes dysbiosis which affects both host GI tract metabolism and immune homeostasis
  • Nathan Goodyear on 27 Jul 14
     
    Nice discussion of how diet, induces gut bacterial change, that leads to metabolic endotoxemia and disease.
Nathan Goodyear

Association between serum total testosterone and Body Mass Index in middle aged healthy men. - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...26101490

low T low Testosterone Testosterone BMI hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 24 Jun 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 24 Jun 15
     
    Study finds low total Testosterone significantly associated with increased BMI in university employees. The definition of low T in this study was 280 ng/dl.
Nathan Goodyear

Small Differences in Thyroid Function May Be Important for Body Mass Index and the Occurrence of Obesity in the Population -- Knudsen et al. 90 (7): 4019 -- Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism - 0 views

jcem.endojournals.org/...4019

TSH thyroid weight obesity BMI

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 02 Feb 11 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 02 Feb 11
     
    TSH doesn't have to be above normal for your weight to be negatively affected
Nathan Goodyear

Associations of body mass index with meniscal tears - 0 views

www.ajpm-online.net/...abstract

weight BMI sports injuries obesity

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 07 Mar 11 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 07 Mar 11
     
    weight related to sports injuries
Nathan Goodyear

Gastric Bypass Surgery for Morbid Obesity Leads to an Increase in Bone Turnover and a Decrease in Bone Mass -- Coates et al. 89 (3): 1061 -- Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism - 0 views

jcem.endojournals.org/...1061

bypass gastric obesity surgery side effects bone loss

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 21 Mar 11 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 21 Mar 11
     
    Gastric Bypass leads to bone loss; through malabsorption
Nathan Goodyear

Effects of Self-Selected Mass Loss on Performance and Mood i... : The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research - 0 views

journals.lww.com/...ss_Loss_on_Performance.18.aspx

wrestlers rapid weight loss

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 23 May 11 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 23 May 11
     
    rapid weight loss in wrestlers pre-event causes increased mood effects and confusion
Nathan Goodyear

Anti-obesity effects of green tea: from bedside to... [Mol Nutr Food Res. 2006] - PubMed result - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...16470636

obesity weight loss green tea extract

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 05 May 11 - No Cached
  • Green tea, green tea catechins, and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) have been demonstrated in cell culture and animal models of obesity to reduce adipocyte differentiation and proliferation, lipogenesis, fat mass, body weight, fat absorption, plasma levels of triglycerides, free fatty acids, cholesterol, glucose, insulin and leptin, as well as to increase beta-oxidation and thermogenesis.
  • Studies conducted with human subjects report reduced body weight and body fat, as well as increased fat oxidation and thermogenesis and thereby confirm findings in cell culture systems and animal models of obesity
  • Nathan Goodyear on 05 May 11
     
    Green tea and Green tea extract aid in many areas of weight loss
Nathan Goodyear

Green tea (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate reduces b... [Ann Nutr Metab. 2009] - PubMed result - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...19390166

green tea extract obesity weight loss

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 05 May 11 - No Cached
  • green tea EGCG effectively reduces adipose tissue mass and ameliorates plasma lipid profiles in high-fat diet-induced obese mice.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 05 May 11
     
    Green tea extract and weight loss in obesity
Nathan Goodyear

The relation of body fat mass and distribution to markers of chronic inflammation - 0 views

www.nature.com/...0801792a.html

Fat obesity inflammation CRP fibrinogen IL-6

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 14 Aug 11 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 14 Aug 11
     
    Increased body fat = increased inflammation
Nathan Goodyear

Obesity in middle age and future risk of dementia:... [BMJ. 2005] - PubMed result - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...15863436

middle aged obesity and dementia

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 12 Apr 11 - No Cached
  • Obese people (body mass index > or = 30) had a 74% increased risk of dementia
  • Obesity in middle age increases the risk of future dementia independently of comorbid conditions.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 12 Apr 11
     
    middle-aged obesity and dementia
Nathan Goodyear

Dietary l-Arginine Supplementation Reduces White Fat Gain and Enhances Skeletal Muscle and Brown Fat Masses in Diet-Induced Obese Rats - 0 views

jn.nutrition.org/...230.abstract

l-Arginine fat muscle weight loss overweight obesity

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 11 Jul 11 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 11 Jul 11
     
    L-Arginine shifts from fat building to muscle building
Nathan Goodyear

Obesity - Resistance Training Conserves Fat-free Mass and Resting Energy Expenditure Following Weight Loss - 0 views

www.nature.com/...oby200838a.html

obesity resistance training weight weight loss loss

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 11 Jul 11 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 11 Jul 11
     
    resistance focused exercise helps to reduce muscle loss in weight loss programs;  this has very important implications in ability to maintain weight loss
Nathan Goodyear

Short Sleep Duration Is Associated with Reduced Leptin, Elevated Ghrelin, and Increased Body Mass Index - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC535701

sleep leptin ghrelin overweight weight loss obesity

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 14 Jul 11 - No Cached
  • Participants with short sleep had reduced leptin and elevated ghrelin
  • Nathan Goodyear on 14 Jul 11
     
    poor sleep reduces leptin and elevates ghrelin.  This will contribute to weight gain.
Nathan Goodyear

Obesity - Abstract of article: Loss of Total and Visceral Adipose Tissue Mass Predicts Decreases in Oxidative Stress After Weight-loss Surgery - 0 views

www.nature.com/...oby2008542a.html

oxidative stress glutathione inflammation obesity weight loss overweight

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 02 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 02 Nov 11
     
    obesity is known to increase inflammation. Now obesity, adipose tissue, is shown to increase oxidative stress and reduce glutathione levels.  The loss of glutathione is implicated the development of many chronic disease states.  
Nathan Goodyear

Lipoprotein(a) Mass: A Massively Misunderstood Metric - Journal of Clinical Lipidology - 0 views

www.lipidjournal.com/...abstract

Lp(a) lipoprotein(a) heart health cardiovascular disease risk

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 26 Aug 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 26 Aug 14
     
    Lp(a), especially the particle #, is highly associated with increased cardiovascular risk.
Nathan Goodyear

http://press.endocrine.org/doi/pdf/10.1210/jc.2014-2934 - 0 views

press.endocrine.org/...jc.2014-2934

androgens hormone hormones cardiovascular disease CVD cardiovascular disease Testosterone DHEA dehydroepiandrosterone men women adipose tissue fat mass SHBG

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 02 Feb 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 02 Feb 15
     
    Again, what is the evidence on androgens in women.  The majority of data is points to negative metabolic effects.  This study looked at men and women and found inverse relationships between Testosterone and DHEA in the sexes.  In women, higher bioavailable Testosterone and DHEA was associated with visceral and subcutaneous fat in women, where as the opposite is true in men.  In both men and women, higher SHBG was associated with lower fat.
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