Immune responses to malignancies - 0 views
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increased densities of T-cell infiltrates with a high proportion of CD8+ T cells within primary colorectal carcinomas were associated with a significant protection against tumor recurrence
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coexpression of genes mediating cytotoxicity and TH1 adaptive immune responses accurately predicted survival in patients with colorectal carcinoma independently of the metastatic status.
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Proinflammatory cytokines secreted by inflammatory cells can contribute to tumor progression, and soluble factors produced by the tumor in response to nonspecific or tumor-specific signals, such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), adenosine, or TGF-β, downregulate functions of immune cells
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they are largely ineffective in arresting tumor growth, although they can proliferate and mediate antitumor cytotoxicity on their removal from the tumor bed and ex vivo IL-2 activation.42
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They are a common component of tumor immune infiltrates and are responsible for the uptake, processing, and cross-presentation of TAs to naive or memory T cells, thus playing a crucial role in the generation of tumor-specific effector T cells
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DCs control the induction of Treg cells. In patients with cancer, cellular interactions between antigen-presenting DCs and T cells lead to expansion and accumulation of Treg cells at the tumor site and in the periphery
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NK cells (CD3−CD56+CD16+), which mediate innate immunity and contain both perforin-rich and granzyme-rich granules, are well equipped to mediate lysis of tumor cells
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B cells (CD19+, CD20+) are also rare in most human tumors, with the exception of breast cancer and melanoma
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The initial acute inflammation involving the recruitment and influx of antitumor effector cells is replaced by chronic inflammation in later stages of tumor progression