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sankeyrya00

The Energy Story - Chapter 16: Wind Energy - 2 views

www.energyquest.ca.gov/...chapter16.html

energy windenergy current history sustainable wind

shared by sankeyrya00 on 13 Mar 12 - Cached
    • shannonlan97
      shannonlan97 on 13 Mar 12
       
      inside of turbine picture
  • Farmers have been using wind energy for many years to pump water from wells using windmills like the one on the right
  • When a boat lifts a sail, it is using wind energy to push it through the water. This is one form of work.
  • ...6 more annotations...
  • Wind is also used to turn large grinding stones to grind wheat or corn, just like a water wheel is turned by water power.
  • Wind can be used to do work. The kinetic energy of the wind can be changed into other forms of energy, either mechanical energy or electrical energy
  • n Holland, windmills have been used for centuries to pump water from low-lying areas.
  • Blowing wind spins the blades on a wind turbine – just like a large toy pinwheel.
  • If the wind gets too high, the turbine has a brake that will keep the blades from turning too fast and being damaged.
  • You can use a single smaller wind turbine to power a home or a school. A small turbine makes enough energy for a house.
  • freeberntay99 on 08 Mar 13
     
    "The blades of the turbine are attached to a hub that is mounted on a turning shaft. The shaft goes through a gear transmission box where the turning speed is increased. The transmission is attached to a high speed shaft which turns a generator that makes electricity."
dpurdy

EIA Energy Kids - Solar - 2 views

www.eia.gov/...energy.cfm

solar what location pollution how history sustainable

shared by dpurdy on 03 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • Energy from the Sun The sun has produced energy for billions of years.  Solar energy is the sun’s rays (solar radiation) that reach the Earth. This energy can be converted into other forms of energy, such as heat and electricity.
  • Photovoltaic (PV devices) or “solar cells” change sunlight directly into electricity. Individual PV cells are grouped into panels and arrays of panels that can be used in a wide range of applications ranging from single small cells that charge calculator and watch batteries, to systems that power single homes, to large power plants covering many acres.
  • Solar energy systems do not produce air pollutants or carbon-dioxide
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • Solar energy is by far the Earth's most available energy source. Solar power is capable of providing many times the total current energy demand. But it is an intermittent energy source, meaning that it is not available at all times.
  • Photons Carry Solar Energy Sunlight is composed of photons, or particles of solar energy. These photons contain various amounts of energy corresponding to the different wavelengths of the solar spectrum. When photons strike a photovoltaic cell, they may be reflected, pass right through, or be absorbed. Only the absorbed photons provide energy to generate electricity. When enough sunlight (energy) is absorbed by the material (a semiconductor), electrons are dislodged from the material's atoms. Special treatment of the material surface during manufacturing makes the front surface of the cell more receptive to free electrons, so the electrons naturally migrate to the surface.
  • Weather Affects Photovoltaics The performance of a photovoltaic array is dependent upon sunlight. Climate conditions (such as clouds or fog) have a significant effect on the amount of solar energy received by a photovoltaic array and, in turn, its performance.
  • History of the Photovoltaic Cell The first practical photovoltaic (PV) cell was developed in 1954 by Bell Telephone researchers examining the sensitivity of a properly prepared silicon wafer to sunlight. Beginning in the late 1950s, PV cells were used to power U.S. space satellites. PV cells were next widely used for small consumer electronics like calculators and watches and to provide electricity in remote or "off-grid" locations were there were no electric power lines. Technology advances and government financial incentives have helped to greatly expand PV use since the mid-1990s.
  • Using solar energy produces no air or water pollution and no greenhouse gases, but does have some indirect impacts on the environment.
  • anonymous on 02 Oct 13
     
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sconzomic99

Today's Climate Change | A Student's Guide to Global Climate Change | US EPA - 2 views

www.epa.gov/...index.html

co2

shared by sconzomic99 on 19 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide, a heat-trapping gas, into the atmosphere, which is the main reason why the climate is changing.
  • dpurdy on 19 Mar 12
     
    What is climate change
dpurdy

EIA Energy Kids - Wind - 1 views

www.eia.gov/...energy.cfm

Wind what history pollution

shared by dpurdy on 03 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • Wind is simply air in motion. It is caused by the uneven heating of the Earth's surface by the sun. Because the Earth's surface is made of very different types of land and water, it absorbs the sun's heat at different rates. One example of this uneven heating can be found in the daily wind cycle.
  • The Daily Wind Cycle During the day, the air above the land heats up more quickly than the air over water. The warm air over the land expands and rises, and the heavier, cooler air rushes in to take its place, creating wind. At night, the winds are reversed because the air cools more rapidly over land than over water. In the same way, the atmospheric winds that circle the earth are created because the land near the Earth's equator is heated more by the sun than the land near the North and South Poles. Wind Energy for Electricity Generation Today, wind energy is mainly used to generate electricity. Wind is a renewable energy source because the wind will blow as long as the sun shines
  • Like old fashioned windmills, today’s wind machines (also called wind turbines) use blades to collect the wind’s kinetic energy. The wind flows over the blades creating lift, like the effect on airplane wings, which causes them to turn. The blades are connected to a drive shaft that turns an electric generator to produce electricity. With the new wind machines, there is still the problem of what to do when the wind isn't blowing. At those times, other types of power plants must be used to make electricity.
  • ...12 more annotations...
  • Wind Production In 2010, wind turbines in the United States generated about 2% of total U.S. electricity generation. Although this is a small fraction of the Nation's total electricity production, it was equal to the annual electricity use of about 8.7 million households.
  • Operating a wind power plant is not as simple as just building a windmill in a windy place. Wind plant owners must carefully plan where to locate their machines. It is important to consider how fast and how much the wind blows at the site
  • As a rule, wind speed increases with altitude and over open areas that have no windbreaks. Good sites for wind plants are the tops of smooth, rounded hills, open plains or shorelines, and mountain gaps that produce wind funneling.
  • Conditions are well suited along much of the coasts of the United States to use wind energy. However, there are people who oppose putting turbines just offshore, near the coastlines, because they think the wind turbines will spoil the view of the ocean. There is a plan to build an offshore wind plant off the coast of Cape Cod, Massachusetts.
  • Wind is a renewable energy source that does not pollute, so some people see it as a good alternative to fossil fuels.
  • Since early recorded history, people have been harnessing the energy of the wind. Wind energy propelled boats along the Nile River as early as 5000 B.C.
  • As late as the 1920s, Americans used small windmills to generate electricity in rural areas without electric service. When power lines began to transport electricity to rural areas in the 1930s, local windmills were used less and less,
  • In the early 1980s, wind energy really took off in California, partly because of State policies that encouraged renewable energy sources.
  • Wind is a clean source of energy, and overall, the use of wind for energy has fewer environmental impacts than using many other energy sources. Wind turbines (often called windmills) do not release emissions that pollute the air or water (with rare exceptions), and they do not require water for cooling. They may also reduce the amount of electricity generated from fossil fuels and therefore reduce the amount of air pollution, carbon dioxide emissions, and water use of fossil fuel power plants.
  • Modern wind turbines are very large machines, and some people do not like their visual impact on the landscape.
  • Some people do not like the sound that wind turbine blades make. Some types of wind turbines and wind projects cause bird and bat deaths. These deaths may contribute to declines in species that are also being affected by other human-related impacts.
  • Most wind power projects on land also require service roads that add to their physical impact on the environment.
  • anonymous on 02 Oct 13
     
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bartontri97

Hydrogen Fuel - Energy from reacting hydrogen (H2) with oxygen - 1 views

www.alternative-energy-news.info/...hydrogen-fuel

hydrogen fuel cells

shared by bartontri97 on 13 Mar 12 - Cached
    • bartontri97
      bartontri97 on 13 Mar 12
       
      use this pic 
dpurdy

Huge challenges in scaling up biofuels infrastructure - 1 views

www.physorg.com/news201799021.html

biofuel infrastructure potential

shared by dpurdy on 22 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • Major changes will be needed to grow, handle, transport and store the immense quantities of biomass -- mostly lignocellulosic feedstocks such as switchgrass, crop residues and forest wastes -- necessary to continually feed electric power generation stations and produce biofuels for transportation,
  • converting to a system in which biomass provides much of the country's energy will require new ways of thinking about agriculture, energy infrastructure and rural economic development.
  • It is estimated that bioenergy has the potential to provide up to 60 percent of the world's primary energy, and biomass seems poised to provide a major alternative to fossil fuels,"
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • "Thus, the combination of expected growth in energy demand and the lower density of biomass imply that by 2050, biomass transport volumes will be greater than the current capacity of the entire energy and agricultural commodity infrastructure,
  • "For example, a large biofuel plant would require 16 to 20 tanker trucks or railcars per day to move the fuel to market, increasing both traffic and costs."
dpurdy

Connecting renewable energy to the grid - 2 views

www.abb.com/...f7a3a6aedc12577c20033dbf5.aspx

grid solar wind transported

shared by dpurdy on 03 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • Big cities need large amounts of electricity to function. Often, this is transported from generating sites located in remote areas hundreds or even thousands of kilometers away. The question is how to move as much electricity as possible from renewable generation sites like hydro plants and wind parks without impairing the function of the power networks that need it.
  • One of the challenges of renewable power generation like wind and solar power is that it can be interrupted, and this variability affects the stability of the power produced
  • The "smart grid" will create a power network that is more reliable, flexible, secure and efficient
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • Power grids are facing a major transformation, driven by the need to integrate renewable energy
dpurdy

Energy Resources: Biofuels - 2 views

home.clara.net/...biofuels.htm

pollution cost biofuels

shared by dpurdy on 03 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • By "biofuels" on this page, I mean fuels for vehicles, such as "biodiesel" and "bioethanol" - although you can also use the term "biofuel" to cover any kind of fuel made from living materials or their waste.
  • How it works Biofuels are made from two main sources: Growing crops such as corn, sugar cane, soya or rapeseed; or from palm oil Growing algae
  • Biofuels are made from two main sources: Growing crops such as corn, sugar cane, soya or rapeseed; or from palm oil Growing algae
  • ...9 more annotations...
  • iofuels are potentially carbon-neutral, because although carbon dioxide is released when we burn them, carbon dioxide is taken in by the plants as they grow. However, energy is needed to grow the crops, harvest them, and to process the results into usable products - and most of this energy will be from fossil fuels for farm machinery and power stations.
  • Biofuels are potentially carbon-neutral, because although carbon dioxide is released when we burn them, carbon dioxide is taken in by the plants as they grow. However, energy is needed to grow the crops, harvest them, and to process the results into usable products - and most of this energy will be from fossil fuels for farm machinery and power stations.
  • Producing biofuels from crops means using large amounts of land to grow those crops - that means less land for food production. We must be careful to strike a balance between crops ofr fuel and crops for food.
  • Producing biofuels from crops means using large amounts of land to grow those crops - that means less land for food production. We must be careful to strike a balance between crops ofr fuel and crops for food.
  • Algae - that's pond scum - are microscopic water plants. They reproduce and photosynthesise fast, and the algae are then filtered out of the water and the lipids (oils) are used to make biodiesel.
  • It is claimed that growing plants to make biofuels will take in that carbon dioxide again. But biologists tell us that forests are not 'the lungs of the planet' after all - they give out as much CO2 as they absorb as the plants respire. It seems that it's plant plankton in the oceans that takes in most CO2 and gives out most oxygen.
  • It takes huge areas of land in order to grow crops for biofuels, although making biofuels from algae does not have this problem
  • Biofuel production is closer to being carbon-neutral than using fossil fuels.
  • Is it renewable? Biofuels are renewable, we can plant more of the crops or grow more of the algae.
  • anonymous on 02 Oct 13
     
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dpurdy

Wave Energy Wave Power Clean Renewable Electricity Generation - Wavegen - 1 views

www.wavegen.co.uk/info_schools_wave_whistles.htm

wave what

shared by dpurdy on 03 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • Ocean waves are a tertiary form of solar energy, in that unequal heating of the Earth’s surface generates wind, and wind blowing over water generates waves. Despite the fact that nearly 75% of the Earth’s surface is covered with water, waves are a largely unexplored source of energy, compared with the progress that has been made in harnessing the sun and wind.
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dpurdy

Wave power - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 2 views

en.wikipedia.org/...Wave_power

wave sustainable history location what grid

shared by dpurdy on 03 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • Waves are generated by wind passing over the surface of the sea. As long as the waves propagate slower than the wind speed just above the waves, there is an energy transfer from the wind to the waves.
  • The first known patent to utilize energy from ocean waves dates back to 1799 and was filed in Paris by Girard and his son.[12] An early application of wave power was a device constructed around 1910 by Bochaux-Praceique to light and power his house at Royan, near Bordeaux in France
  • Once the wave energy is captured at a wave source, power must be carried to the point of use or to a connection to the electrical grid by transmission power cables.[2
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • The realistically usable worldwide resource has been estimated to be greater than 2 TW.[49][50] Locations with the most potential for wave power include the western seaboard of Europe, the northern coast of the UK, and the Pacific coastlines of North and South America, Southern Africa, Australia, and New Zealand. The north and south temperate zones have the best sites for capturing wave power. The prevailing westerlies in these zones blow strongest in winter. Waves are very predictable; waves that are caused by winds can be predicted five days in advance.[citation needed]
  • There is a potential impact on the marine environment. Noise pollution, for example, could have negative impact if not monitored, although the noise and visible impact of each design varies greatly.[5]. Other biophysical impacts (flora and fauna, sediment regimes and water column structure and flows) of scaling up the technology is being studied.[51] In terms of socio-economic challenges, wave farms can result in the displacement of commercial and recreational fishermen from productive fishing grounds, can change the pattern of beach sand nourishment, and may represent hazards to safe navigation.[52] Waves generate about 2,700 gigawatts of power
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dpurdy

Energy Resources: Wave power - 1 views

home.clara.net/...wave.htm

wave pollution sustainable

shared by dpurdy on 03 Nov 11 - Cached
  • Ocean waves are caused by the wind as it blows across the sea. Waves are a powerful source of energy.
  • How it works There are several methods of getting energy from waves. One of them works like a swimming pool wave machine in reverse. At a swimming pool, air is blown in and out of a chamber beside the pool, which makes the water outside bob up and down, causing waves.   At a wave power station, the waves arriving cause the water in the chamber to rise and fall, which means that air is forced in and out of the hole in the top of the chamber. We place a turbine in this hole, which is turned by the air rushing in and out. The turbine turns a generator.
  • Once you've built a wave power station, the energy is free, needs no fuel and produces no waste or pollution.
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • Not expensive to operate and maintain.
  • Needs a suitable site, where waves are consistently strong.
  • Some designs are noisy. But then again, so are waves, so any noise is unlikely to be a problem.
  • Is it renewable? Wave power is renewable.
dpurdy

EIA Energy Kids - Hydropower - 1 views

www.eia.gov/...energy.cfm

what how location

shared by dpurdy on 03 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun, and the rotation of the Earth. Near shore, water levels can vary up to 40 feet due to tides. Dam of the Tidal Power Plant on the Estuary of the Rance River, Bretagne, France Source: Stock photography (copyrighted) Tidal power is more predictable than wind energy and solar power. A large enough tidal range — 10 feet — is needed to produce tidal energy economically.
  • The United States has no tidal plants and only a few sites where tidal energy could be produced economically. France, England, Canada, and Russia have much more potential to use this type of energy.
  • Tidal turbines are basically wind turbines in the water that can be located anywhere there is strong tidal flow. Because water is about 800 times denser than air, tidal turbines have to be much sturdier than wind turbines. Tidal turbines are heavier and more expensive to build but capture more energy.
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • Waves are caused by the wind blowing over the surface of the ocean. There is tremendous energy in the ocean waves. It's estimated that the total potential off the coasts of the United States is 252 billion kilowatthours a year, about 6% of the United States' electricity consumption in 2010. The west coasts of the United States and Europe and the coasts of Japan and New Zealand are good sites for harnessing wave energy.
  • Many more ways to capture wave energy are currently under development. Some of these devices being developed are placed underwater, anchored to the ocean floor, while others ride on top of the waves. The world's first commercial wave farm using one such technology opened in 2008 at the Aguçadora Wave Park in Portugal.
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dpurdy

Energy Resources: Tidal power - 1 views

home.clara.net/...tidal.htm

Tide location pollution sustainable

shared by dpurdy on 03 Nov 11 - Cached
  • Advantages Once you've built it, tidal power is free. It produces no greenhouse gases or other waste. It needs no fuel. It produces electricity reliably. Not expensive to maintain. Tides are totally predictable. Offshore turbines and vertical-axis turbines are not ruinously expensive to build and do not have a large environmental impact. Disadvantages A barrage across an estuary is very expensive to build, and affects a very wide area - the environment is changed for many miles upstream and downstream. Many birds rely on the tide uncovering the mud flats so that they can feed. Fish can't migrate, unless "fish ladders" are installed. Only provides power for around 10 hours each day, when the tide is actually moving in or out. There are few suitable sites for tidal barrages Is it renewable? Tidal energy is renewable. The tides will continue to ebb and flow, and the energy is there for the taking.
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dpurdy

File:World energy consumption by type 2006.png - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 1 views

en.wikipedia.org/...y_consumption_by_type_2006.png

current

shared by dpurdy on 07 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • dpurdy on 07 Nov 11
     
    graphic showing current energy use by type of fuel.
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dpurdy

Photovoltaics - Lighting the World - 1 views

solardev.com/SEIA-lightworld.php

solar location potential current

shared by dpurdy on 03 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • 200,000 homes in the U.S. use some type of photovoltaic solar technology-and the market is expanding at a healthy 15% annually.
  • PV modules covering 0.3% of the land in the U.S., equivalent to one fourth of the area currently occupied by railroads, could provide all of the US's electricity needs.
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dpurdy

What is wave energy? | Pelamis Wave Power - 4 views

www.pelamiswave.com/...what-is-wave-energy

wave what pollution sustainable co2 form

shared by dpurdy on 03 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • What is wave energy? Waves are generated by the passage of wind across the surface of the sea.  Energy is transferred from the wind to the waves.  Waves travel vast distances across the ocean and at great speed and the energy is concentrated near the water surface.  The energy within a wave is proportional to the square of the wave height.  Therefore a two-meter high wave has four times the power of a one-meter high wave. The longer and stronger the wind blows over the surface of the sea, the higher, longer, faster and more powerful the sea is.
  • Although wave energy is a form of concentrated wind energy, as it has often travelled over large distances it is regularly out of phase with the local wind conditions.  Wave energy can therefore help to balance output variability from other renewable sources and maximise the efficient use of the electricity networks.   Wave energy is also more predictable than many other forms of renewable energy, such as wind or solar, and can be forecast accurately up to five days in advance.
  • Wave energy is clean and renewable!  It is one of the last renewable energy forms which mankind has yet to harness, and its potential is huge.
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • Wave energy could play a major part in the world’s efforts to combat climate change, potentially displacing 1 – 2 billion tonnes of CO2 per annum from conventional fossil fuel generating sources.
tavarreskat99

Tidal Energy | Pros for Wave and Tidal Power - 3 views

www.oceanenergycouncil.com/...Tidal-Energy.html

pollution tide

shared by tavarreskat99 on 03 Nov 11 - Cached
  • Tidal energy is one of the oldest forms of energy used by humans. Indeed, tide mills, in use on the Spanish, French and British coasts, date back to 787 A.D.. Tide mills consisted of a storage pond, filled by the incoming (flood) tide through a sluice and emptied during the outgoing (ebb) tide through a water wheel. The tides turned waterwheels, producing mechanical power to mill grain. We even have one remaining in New York- which worked well into the 20th century.
  • Tidal power is non-polluting, reliable and predictable.Tidal barrages, undersea tidal turbines - like wind turbines but driven by the sea - and a variety of machines harnessing undersea currents are under development. Unlike wind and waves, tidal currents are entirely predictable.
  • A tidal range of at least 7 m is required for economical operation and for sufficient head of water for the turbines
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • Currently, although the technology required to harness tidal energy is well established, tidal power is expensive, and there is only one major tidal generating station in operation. This is a 240 megawatt (1 megawatt = 1 MW = 1 million watts) at the mouth of the La Rance river estuary on the northern coast of France
  • Tidal electricity can be used to displace electricity which would otherwise be generated by fossil fuel (coal, oil, natural gas) fired power plants, thus reducing emissions of greenhouse and acid gasses.
  • There is a high capital cost for a tidal energy project, with possibly a 10-year construction period.
  • Electricity can be generated by water flowing both into and out of a bay. As there are two high and two low tides each day, electrical generation from tidal power plants is characterized by periods of maximum generation every twelve hours, with no electricity generation at the six hour mark in between.
  • Tidal energy is a renewable source of electricity which does not result in the emission of gases responsible for global warming or acid rain associated with fossil fuel generated electricity. Use of tidal energy could also decrease the need for nuclear power, with its associated radiation risks. Changing tidal flows by damming a bay or estuary could, however, result in negative impacts on aquatic and shoreline ecosystems, as well as navigation and recreation.
  • Indeed, tide mills, in use on the Spanish, French and British coasts,
  • date back to 787 A.D..
  • Tidal power is non-polluting, reliable and predictable.Tidal barrages, undersea tidal turbines - like wind turbines but driven by the sea - and a variety of machines harnessing undersea currents are under development. Unlike wind and waves, tidal currents are entirely predictable.
  • idal energy is one of the oldest forms of energy used by humans. Indeed, tide mills, in use on the Spanish, French and British coasts, date back to 787 A.D.. Tide mills consisted of a storage pond, filled by the incoming (flood) tide through a sluice and emptied during the outgoing (ebb) tide through a water wheel. The tides turned waterwheels, producing mechanical power to mill grain. We even have one remaining in New York- which worked well into the 20th century. Tidal power is non-polluting, reliable and predictable.Tidal barrages, undersea tidal turbines - like wind turbines but driven by the sea - and a variety of machines harnessing undersea currents are under development. Unlike wind and waves, tidal currents are entirely predictable.
  • Tidal power is non-polluting, reliable and predictable.Tidal barrages, undersea tidal turbines - like wind turbines but driven by the sea - and a variety of machines harnessing undersea currents are under development. Unlike wind and waves, tidal currents are entirely predictable.
  • butlerlei98 on 08 Mar 13
     
    "Tidal power is non-polluting, reliable and predictable.Tidal barrages, undersea tidal turbines - like wind turbines but driven by the sea - and a variety of machines harnessing undersea currents are under development. Unlike wind and waves, tidal currents are entirely predictable."
  • kramerjac99 on 11 Mar 13
     
    when it started to be used and who it was used by.
marloweth98

Solar panel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

en.wikipedia.org/Solar_panel

solar

shared by marloweth98 on 15 Mar 12 - Cached
  • so solar module, photovoltaic module or photovoltaic panel
  • photovoltaic cells
  • arger photovoltaic system to generate and supply electricity in commercial and residential applications. Because a single solar panel can produce only a limited amount of power, many installations contain several panels.
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • Third generation solar cells are advanced thin-film cells. They produce high-efficiency conversion at low cost.
  • includes an array of solar panels, an inverter, and sometimes a battery and interconnection wiring.
  • photovoltaic system typically
  • lexible thin film cells and modules are created on the same production line by depositing the photoactive layer and other necessary layers on a flexible substrate. If the substrate is an insulator (e.g. polyester or polyimide film) then monolithic integration can be used. If it is a conductor then another technique for electrical connection must be used. The cells are assembled into modules by laminating them to a transparent colourless fluoropolymer on the front side (typically ETFE or FEP) and a polymer suitable for bonding to the final substrate on the other side. The only commercially available (in MW quantities) flexible module uses amorphous silicon triple junction (from Unisolar). So-called inverted metamorphic (IMM) multijunction solar cells made on compound-semiconductor technology are just becoming commercialized in July 2008. The University of Michigan's solar car that won the North American Solar Challenge in July 2008 used IMM thin-film flexible solar cells. The requirements for residential and commercial are different in that the residential needs are simple and can be packaged so that as solar cell technology progresses, the other base line equipment such as the battery, inverter and voltage sensing transfer switch still need to be compacted and unitized for residential use. Commercial use, depending on the size of the service will be limited in the photovoltaic cell arena, and more complex parabolic reflectors and solar concentrators are becoming the dominant technology. The global flexible and thin-film photovoltaic (PV) market, despite caution in the overall PV industry, is expected to experience a CAGR of over 35% to 2019, surpassing 32 GW according to a major new study by IntertechPira.[4]
  • t $4.50, which was 33 times lower than the cost in 1970 of $150.[8][9]
  • marloweth98 on 15 Mar 12
     
    facts
bureaumar98

Global Biofuel Production Forecast 2015-2020 | Market Research Media - 0 views

www.marketresearchmedia.com/...biofuel-market

biofuel future

shared by bureaumar98 on 15 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • The past decade has seen soaring oil prices, Middle East turmoil, government biofuel incentives, cleantech venture investments and maturing technologies, all these factors contributing to the critical mass necessary to launch the biofuel market, once and forever.
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