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dpurdy

Wind Program: Advantages and Challenges of Wind Energy - 1 views

www1.eere.energy.gov/...wind_ad.html

Wind pollution future challenges

shared by dpurdy on 03 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • Challenges Wind power must compete with conventional generation sources on a cost basis. Depending on how energetic a wind site is, the wind farm may or may not be cost competitive. Even though the cost of wind power has decreased dramatically in the past 10 years, the technology requires a higher initial investment than fossil-fueled generators. Good wind sites are often located in remote locations, far from cities where the electricity is needed. Transmission lines must be built to bring the electricity from the wind farm to the city. Wind resource development may compete with other uses for the land and those alternative uses may be more highly valued than electricity generation. Although wind power plants have relatively little impact on the environment compared to other conventional power plants, there is some concern over the noise produced by the rotor blades, aesthetic (visual) impacts, and sometimes birds have been killed by flying into the rotors. Most of these problems have been resolved or greatly reduced through technological development or by properly siting wind plants.
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dpurdy

Hydrogen Fuel Cells | INTUITECH - Intuitive Technologies - 1 views

intuitech.biz/?p=7666

hydrogen current use

shared by dpurdy on 15 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • Thirty-eight nationally recognized companies in the United States, including eleven Fortune 500 corporations, are collectively saving millions of dollars in electricity costs while reducing carbon emissions by tens of thousands of tons per year by using fuel cells, according to a new report by Fuel Cells 2000, a non-profit education and outreach organization. 
dpurdy

Energy Report - Hydrogen - 1 views

www.window.state.tx.us/...h2.php

Fuel Cell history

shared by dpurdy on 15 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • Hydrogen is colorless, odorless, tasteless and non-toxic. It is a gas at temperatures above -423° F and is highly diffuse, having a density approximately 14 times less than that of air. Because it is buoyant and diffusive, hydrogen dissipates quickly in open areas and can move through small spaces, which makes it difficult to store. Hydrogen is flammable over a broad range of gas concentration (from 4 to 74 percent), although its lower flammability limit – that is, the lowest temperature and pressure at which it will combust – is higher than those for some common fuels such as gasoline, propane or diesel.1 Hydrogen has been described as “the fuel of the future.” On Earth, hydrogen is found in combination with other elements such as carbon (hydrocarbons), oxygen (water) and nitrogen (ammonia). Although hydrogen may sometimes be used as a fuel, it is most often used as an energy carrier, such as electricity, and not an energy source. To make hydrogen a usable, stand-alone fuel, it must be separated from these other elements by chemical, thermal or electrochemical processes.
  • History British scientist Henry Cavendish identified hydrogen as a distinct element in 1766. Subsequent experiments by British and French scientists resulted in the first flight of a hydrogen balloon and the discovery that applying electricity to water can produce hydrogen and oxygen.
  • In the 1960s, NASA space capsules used hydrogen fuel cells for onboard electric power, heat and water.
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) does not maintain comprehensive statistics in this area, but the various demonstration projects suggest that there are some hundreds of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles on the road in the U.S.
  • dpurdy on 15 Mar 12
     
    On Earth, hydrogen is found in combination with other elements such as carbon (hydrocarbons), oxygen (water) and nitrogen (ammonia). Although hydrogen may sometimes be used as a fuel, it is most often used as an energy carrier, such as electricity, and not an energy source. To make hydrogen a usable, stand-alone fuel, it must be separated from these other elements by chemical, thermal or electrochemical processes.
dpurdy

The Energy Challenge - Wind Energy Bumps Into Power Grid's Limits - Series - NYTimes.com - 2 views

www.nytimes.com/...27grid.html

Wind grid future (need to do)

shared by dpurdy on 03 Nov 11 - Cached
  • The dirty secret of clean energy is that while generating it is getting easier, moving it to market is not.
  • While the United States today gets barely 1 percent of its electricity from wind turbines, many experts are starting to think that figure could hit 20 percent.
  • Achieving that would require moving large amounts of power over long distances, from the windy, lightly populated plains in the middle of the country to the coasts where many people live.
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • “The windiest sites have not been built, because there is no way to move that electricity from there to the load centers,” he said
  • The basic problem is that many transmission lines, and the connections between them, are simply too small for the amount of power companies would like to squeeze through them
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dpurdy

Grid tie Solar Power Systems - Grid tie Solar Panel Systems - 1 views

www.wholesalesolar.com/gridtie.html

shared by dpurdy on 12 Mar 12 - No Cached
    • dpurdy
      dpurdy on 12 Mar 12
       
      Use the solar cell picture.
dpurdy

History of Biofuels - BioFuel Information - 1 views

biofuel.org.uk/history-of-biofuels.html

biofuel history

shared by dpurdy on 13 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • Biofuels in the solid form has been in use ever since man discovered fire.
  • Wood was the first form of biofuel that was used even by the ancient people for cooking and heating
  • This form of fuel was discovered even before the discovery of the fossil fuels, but with the exploration of the fossil fuel like gas, coal, and oil the production and use of biofuel suffered a severe impact.
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • One of the first inventors to convince the people of the use of ethanol was a German named Nikolaus August Otto. Rudolf Diesel is the German inventor of the diesel engine. He designed his diesel engine to run in peanut oil and later Henry Ford designed the Model T car which was produced from 1903 to 1926. This car was completely designed to use hemp derived biofuel as fuel
  • n the period of World War II, the high demand of biofuels was due to the increased use as an alternative for imported fuel. In this period, Germany was one of the countries that underwent a serious shortage of fuel. It was during this period that various other inventions took place like the use of gasoline along with alcohol that was derived from potatoes. Britain was the second country which came up with the concept of grain alcohol mixed with petrol
mattianic99

Solar energy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 3 views

en.wikipedia.org/...Solar_energy

shared by mattianic99 on 09 Mar 12 - Cached
  • Solar energy, radiant light and heat from the sun
  • radiant light and heat from the sun,
  • Solar energy, radiant light and heat from the sun, has been harnessed by humans since ancient times using a range of ever-evolving technologies. Solar energy technologies include solar heating, solar photovoltaics, solar thermal electricity, solar architecture and artificial photosynthesis, which can make considerable contributions to solving some of the most urgent energy problems the world now faces.[1] [2]
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • "the development of affordable, inexhaustible and clean solar energy technologies will have huge longer-term benefits. It will increase countries’ energy security through reliance on an indigenous, inexhaustible and mostly import-independent resource, enhance sustainability, reduce pollution, lower the costs of mitigating climate change, and keep fossil fuel prices lower than otherwise. These advantages are global.
  • Solar technologies are broadly characterized as either passive solar or active solar depending on the way they capture, convert and distribute solar energy. Active solar techniques include the use of photovoltaic panels and solar thermal collectors to harness the energy. Passive solar techniques include orienting a building to the Sun, selecting materials with favorable thermal mass or light dispersing properties, and designing spaces that naturally circulate air.
  • butlerlex99 on 11 Mar 13
     
    The technologies of solar energy.
  • dextereli99 on 11 Mar 13
     
    the advantages of solar energy for the world 
dpurdy

How Much Solar Energy Can We Harvest? - 2 views

home.iprimus.com.au/...solen.html

solar potential future

shared by dpurdy on 20 Jan 12 - No Cached
  • The sun delivers about 7000 times more energy than we currently consume globally. However, we cannot cover the whole surface of the Earth with solar energy collectors. How much of this energy can we collect? Will it be enough to replace fossil fuels?
  • Our global consumption of electricity in 2005 was 15,182 TWh/y (see The Little Green Handbook). However, 9,541 TWh/y of electricity was produced by fossil fuels and 2,555 TWh/y by nuclear power, or the total 12,096 TWh/y. Assuming the lowest solar potential and the lowest efficiency of solar cells we can calculate that we could produce 35 times more electricity than produced by fossil fuels and nuclear power. The additional advantage is that solar power is clean and last practically forever.
  • Even if we used only 1% of unused land area we could produce nearly 4 times more electricity than we produce using fossil fuels and nuclear power.
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dpurdy

World_energy_consumption_by_type_2006.png (763×277) - 4 views

upload.wikimedia.org/...y_consumption_by_type_2006.png

world energy consumption fossil current

shared by dpurdy on 07 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • carrowluk99 on 22 Oct 12
     
    about 6.27% of energy is generated by hydrogen fuel cells
dpurdy

Solar Energy and Energy Independence - 1 views

www.americanenergyindependence.com/solarenergy.aspx

solar potential

shared by dpurdy on 03 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • Science tells us that every square meter of the earth's surface, when exposed to direct sunlight, receives about 1000 watts (1 kilowatt) of energy from the sun's light.
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eldredzac98

What is Biofuel? - 1 views

www.odec.ca/...what_are_biofuels.html

sustainable what

shared by eldredzac98 on 13 Mar 12 - Cached
  • Biofuels or biodiesels are fuels that are, in essence, biodegradable and non-toxic. They are manufactured from vegetable oils, waste cooking oils, animal fats or tall oil (a by-product of the pulp and paper industry).
  • eldredzac98 on 13 Mar 12
     
    They are manufactured from vegetable oils, waste cooking oils, animal fats or tall oil (a by-product of the p
dpurdy

Biomass Fuel - The Basics of Biomass Fuel - 1 views

www.alternative-energy-resources.net/biomassfuel.html

Biomass energy what

shared by dpurdy on 03 Nov 11 - Cached
  • Biomass fuel refers to anything that can either burn or decompose. Other terms are biomass energy or biofuel. The prefix "bio" refers to life.
  • Also utilizing the source of bioenergy reduces pollution, helps control carbon dioxide emissions ( Remember, plants take in CO2 which will offset emissions)
  • dpurdy on 03 Nov 11
     
    Biomass fuel refers to anything that can either burn or decompose. Other terms are biomass energy or biofuel. The prefix "bio" refers to life.
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dpurdy

http://www.iea.org/papers/2006/hydrogen.pdf - 1 views

www.iea.org/...hydrogen.pdf

hydrogen production

shared by dpurdy on 15 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • dpurdy on 15 Mar 12
     
    A paper about all the ways we can make hydrogen
dpurdy

OWECO By Others - 1 views

www.owec.com/byOTHERS.html

wave form

shared by dpurdy on 03 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • ocean waves is long considered substantive kinetic resource
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dpurdy

Hydrogen Fuel Alternative - 1 views

www.alternative-energy-resources.net/hydrogenfuelalternative.html

Hydrogen history what

shared by dpurdy on 03 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • Just as solar, hydro and biomass energy has been utilized for thousands of years, hydrogen technology as a fuel source has also been known for over 150 years.
  • Hydrogen is a simple element - an atom with only one proton and one electron. It is also the most plentiful element in the universe. Despite its simplicity and abundance, hydrogen doesn't occur naturally as a gas on the Earth - it is always combined with other elements.
  • Water, for example, is a combination of hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen can be separated from hydrocarbons by applying heat, a process known as "reforming" hydrogen.
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big_jerome

How do wind turbines transform the energy found in the wind - 1 views

wiki.answers.com/...m_the_energy_found_in_the_wind

wind energy

shared by big_jerome on 19 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • A wind turbine is a rotating machine which converts the kinetic energy in wind into mechanical energy. If the mechanical energy is used directly by machinery, such as a pump or grinding stones, the machine is usually called a windmill.
  • wind t
dpurdy

Fuel Cells 2000 : Hydrogen : Basics - 1 views

www.fuelcells.org/...basics.html

Hydrogen cost

shared by dpurdy on 03 Nov 11 - Cached
  • How much will Hydrogen fuel cost? The U.S. Department of Energy's Hydrogen, Fuel Cells & Infrastructure Technologies Program is working to achieve the following goals: By 2005, the technology will be available to produce hydrogen at the pump for $3.00 per gallon gasoline equivalent, and DOE wants to validate this technology by 2008.  By 2010, the price goal is $1.50 per gallon of gasoline equivalent (untaxed) at the station. Even $3 a gallon would save most of us money, since FCVs will be two to three times more efficient than internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles.  If all the goals are met, FCVs offer the promise of energy at $1 a gallon - or less! 
dpurdy

Winds, Waves, Tides - Ocean Energy | Environmental News, Articles & Information | Globa... - 2 views

www.ecoworld.com/...-waves-tides-ocean-energy.html

cost how what sustainable future

shared by dpurdy on 03 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • Can Already Cost Under $.06 per Kilowatt Hour * Pneumatic devices, such as the oscillating water column (OWC), use wave motion to compress and decompress air, and drive a turbine. * Float-based devices utilise a buoyant float moving with the waves, reacting against a sea bed anchor in order to harness energy. * Spillover devices utilise wave height to replenish a reservoir of seawater, which runs a turbine. * Raft-type devices use the relative motion of adjacent rafts or pontoons to harness wave energy. * Moving-body devices articulate in the water, inducing motion, which may be used to drive a hydraulic motor.
  • Tidal stream devices extract energy from the diurnal flow of tidal currents (caused by the gravitational pull of the moon). Unlike wind and wave power, tidal streams offer entirely predictable output. However, as the lunar cycle is of around 25 hours’ duration, the timing of peak outputs differs by around an hour each day and tidal energy cannot be guaranteed at times of peak demand.
  • However, several large grid-connected demonstration projects are expected to enter the water in the near future. Tidal stream is thus a few years behind wave energy.
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • Marine Current Turbines is about to field test a submerged 300 kW tidal turbine off Devon in the United Kingdom
  • The manufacturers of all these devices expect to deliver energy at a cost of 10-14 US cents per kWh, falling to below 6 US cents as experience grows and technologies mature
  • Power generation using wave energy is at a much earlier stage of development. Wave energy offers more predictable outputs than wind, but in early 2003 there was only around one megawatt of generating capacity installed worldwide, all of it essentially with demonstration prototypes. Proposed projects are likely to take this to about 6 MW over the next few years. The wave industry is characterised by a wide variety of novel devices
dpurdy

Wind Program: Wind Energy Resource Potential - 1 views

www1.eere.energy.gov/...wind_potential.html

Wind potential

shared by dpurdy on 03 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • The United States has enough wind resources to generate electricity for every home and business in the nation. But not all areas are suitable for wind energy development.
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jack wells

Wind Program: Frequently Asked Questions about Wind Energy - 2 views

www1.eere.energy.gov/...faqs.html

Wind cons

shared by jack wells on 03 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • What is wind energy? Wind energy (or wind power) refers to the process by which wind turbines convert the movement of wind into electricity. Winds are caused by the uneven heating of the atmosphere by the sun, the irregularities of the earth's surface, and rotation of the earth. Humans use this wind flow for many purposes: sailing boats, pumping water, and also generating electricity. Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy of the moving wind into electricity.
  • Birds and bats are occasionally killed in collisions with wind turbines. Like any form of development, wind projects can also negatively impact wildlife by altering habitat. Over the past two decades, the impact of wind development on birds has been greatly reduced by improvements in turbine design and particularly through improved project and turbine siting.
  • dpurdy on 03 Nov 11
     
    How do wind turbines work? A wind turbine works like a fan, but in reverse: instead of using electricity to make wind, like a fan, wind turbines use wind to make electricity. The wind turns the turbine's blades, which spin a shaft connected to a generator to make electricity.
  • jack wells on 11 Mar 13
     
    wind energy facts.
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