Although fuel cells are more expensive than fossil fuels, it is predicted that in the near future, fuel cell power will be less expensive and more efficient. The cost is an enticing advantage for the future.
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Fuel Cells Save Money, Fuel and Mother Earth | ReTechnology Power and Water Engineering - 0 views
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The only emission is water vapor, a lot environment-friendly than the toxic elements released into the air by burning fossil fuels and gasoline burning cars.
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The only waste product is water vapor.
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"Although fuel cells are more expensive than fossil fuels, it is predicted that in the near future, fuel cell power will be less expensive and more efficient. The cost is an enticing advantage for the future."
Energy Basics: Photovoltaics - 1 views
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First used in about 1890, "photovoltaic" has two parts: photo, derived from the Greek word for light, and volt, relating to electricity pioneer Alessandro Volta. And this is what photovoltaic materials and devices do—they convert light energy into electrical energy, as French physicist Edmond Becquerel discovered as early as 1839.
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"First used in about 1890, "photovoltaic" has two parts: photo, derived from the Greek word for light, and volt, relating to electricity pioneer Alessandro Volta. And this is what photovoltaic materials and devices do-they convert light energy into electrical energy, as French physicist Edmond Becquerel discovered as early as 1839. Becquerel discovered the process of using sunlight to produce an electric current in a solid material. But it took more than another century to truly understand this process. Scientists eventually learned that the photoelectric or photovoltaic effect caused certain materials to convert light energy into electrical energy at the atomic level. PV systems are already an important part of our daily lives. Simple PV systems provide power for small consumer items such as calculators and wristwatches. More complicated systems provide power for communications satellites, water pumps, and the lights, appliances, and machines in some homes and workplaces. Many road and traffic signs also are now powered by PV. In many cases, PV power is the least expensive form of electricity for these tasks."
Geothermal Basics - Power Plant Costs - 1 views
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According to studies, an economically competitive geothermal power plant can cost as low as $3400 per kilowatt installed.
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While the cost of a new geothermal power plant is higher than that of a comparable natural gas facility,
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in the long run the two are similar over time. This is because natural gas construction costs account for only one third of the total price of the facility, while the cost of the fuel at a natural gas facility represents two thirds of the cost
EIA Energy Kids - Hydropower - 1 views
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Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun, and the rotation of the Earth. Near shore, water levels can vary up to 40 feet due to tides. Dam of the Tidal Power Plant on the Estuary of the Rance River, Bretagne, France Source: Stock photography (copyrighted) Tidal power is more predictable than wind energy and solar power. A large enough tidal range — 10 feet — is needed to produce tidal energy economically.
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The United States has no tidal plants and only a few sites where tidal energy could be produced economically. France, England, Canada, and Russia have much more potential to use this type of energy.
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Tidal turbines are basically wind turbines in the water that can be located anywhere there is strong tidal flow. Because water is about 800 times denser than air, tidal turbines have to be much sturdier than wind turbines. Tidal turbines are heavier and more expensive to build but capture more energy.
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Tidal Energy Advancing in USA >> Offshore Wind - 1 views
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Verdant Power founders are planning to install up to 30 turbines with the total capacity of 1MW in the East Channel of the East River, writes The Day news portal.
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Verdant Power is among the first companies that are exploring the potential of the tidal energy. Unlike the wind and solar power, tidal power is predictable as the tides move in correlation with the movement of the moon
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The initial costs for the development of this technology are high. The company has raised USD 35 million so far and needs USD 25 million more.
Wind Power - 0 views
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We have been harnessing the wind's energy for hundreds of years. From old Holland to farms in the United States, windmills have been used for pumping water or grinding grain. Today, the windmill's modern equivalent - a wind turbine - can use the wind's energy to generate electricity.
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Wind turbines, like windmills, are mounted on a tower to capture the most energy. At 100 feet (30 meters) or more aboveground, they can take advantage of the faster and less turbulent wind. Turbines catch the wind's energy with their propeller-like blades. Usually, two or three blades are mounted on a shaft to form a rotor.
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A blade acts much like an airplane wing. When the wind blows, a pocket of low-pressure air forms on the downwind side of the blade. The low-pressure air pocket then pulls the blade toward it, causing the rotor to turn. This is called lift. The force of the lift is actually much stronger than the wind's force against the front side of the blade, which is called drag. The combination of lift and drag causes the rotor to spin like a propeller, and the turning shaft spins a generator to make electricity.
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Today, the windmill's modern equivalent - a wind turbine - can use the wind's energy to generate electricity. -
Today, the windmill's modern equivalent - a wind turbine - can use the wind's energy to generate electricity.
Ancient Egyptians built places to live that allowed stored energy from the sun during the day, and a heat release during the night. This kind of architecture heated homes at night while keeping the temperature low during the day. Egyptians also used the s - 0 views
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Ancient Egyptians built places to live that allowed stored energy from the sun during the day, and a heat release during the night. This kind of architecture heated homes at night while keeping the temperature low during the day. Egyptians also used the sun as part of their mummification process, using the sun to dry dead bodies. The Egyptians used a form of passive solar power. 3rd Century B.C., Greek soldiers with the help of Archimedes, focused light on a Roman fleet by using mirrors,
EIA Energy Kids - Energy Basics - 0 views
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Energy Is the Ability To Do Work Energy comes in different forms: Heat (thermal) Light (radiant) Motion (kinetic) Electrical Chemical Nuclear energy Gravitational
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Renewable Energy Renewable energy sources include: Solar energy from the sun, which can be turned into electricity and heat Wind Geothermal energy from heat inside the Earth Biomass from plants, which includes firewood from trees, ethanol from corn, and biodiesel from vegetable oil Hydropower from hydroturbines at a dam
Switch to Clean Energy | A Student's Guide to Global Climate Change | US EPA - 1 views
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When we get electricity from renewable energy sources like wind and solar power, we avoid the carbon dioxide emissions that would have come from burning fossil fuels like coal, oil, or natural gas.
FAQ | Fuel Cells 2000 - 0 views
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"The first fuel cell was built in 1839 by Sir William Grove, a Welsh judge and gentleman scientist, who conducted dozens of experiments using his "gas battery." More than a century later, equipment manufacturer Allis Chalmers plowed a Wisconsin alfalfa field using fuel cell-powered tractor (1959). Serious interest in the fuel cell as a practical energy generator did not begin until the 1960′s, when the U.S. space program chose fuel cells over riskier nuclear power and more expensive solar energy, using fuel cells to furnish power for the Gemini and Apollo spacecraft and electricity and water for the space shuttle. Also in the 1960s, the first passenger vehicle, a prototype van, was built by GM (1966); major auto manufacturers began more concerted fuel cell development efforts in the 1990s."
Montana Environmental Information CenterCost of Wind vs. Fossil Fuels - MEIC - 0 views
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Wind energy is cost-competitive with fossil fuels, especially coal. In Montana, wind energy is less expensive than coal for NorthWestern Energy--the state's largest utility.
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ccording to the EIA, the total cost of wind energy without federal tax and other financial incentives is about 9.7 cents/kilowatt-hour. The total cost of conventional coal without federal tax and other financial incentives is about 9.4 cents/kilowatt-hour.
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here are integration costs associated with intermittent renewable energy but unlike fossil fuels, wind (and solar and many other renewables) the fuel price stays the same: Zero. Plus, wind-power technology has rapidly evolved. Turbines are much larger, growing from an average of 1.2 megawatts to 1.6 megawatts (a 33% increase in average capacity) in just three years.
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wind to fossil fuels
Hydrogen Fuel-Cell Vehicles - Is Hydrogen the Fuel of the Future? - 1 views
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The benefits of ditching fossil fuels for hydrogen are many, of course. Burning fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to heat and cool our buildings and run our vehicles takes a heavy toll on the environment, contributing significantly to both local problems such as elevated particulate levels and global ones such as a warming climate. The only by-product of running a hydrogen-powered fuel cell is oxygen and a trickle of water, neither of which will cause any harm to human health or the environment.
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But right now, 95 percent of the hydrogen available in the United States is either extracted from fossil fuels or made using electrolytic processes powered by fossil fuels, thus negating any real emissions savings or reduction in fossil-fuel usage. Only if renewable energy sources—solar, wind and others—can be harnessed to provide the energy to process hydrogen fuel can the dream of a truly clean hydrogen fuel be realized.
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They concluded that we’d lower greenhouse gas emissions more by driving gasoline/electric hybrid cars than by driving fuel-cell cars run on hydrogen from coal. Hydrogen made using natural gas would fare a little bit better in terms of pollution output, while making it from wind power would be a slam-dunk for the environment.
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says most things about hydrogen and what it does
What is wave energy? | Pelamis Wave Power - 4 views
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What is wave energy? Waves are generated by the passage of wind across the surface of the sea. Energy is transferred from the wind to the waves. Waves travel vast distances across the ocean and at great speed and the energy is concentrated near the water surface. The energy within a wave is proportional to the square of the wave height. Therefore a two-meter high wave has four times the power of a one-meter high wave. The longer and stronger the wind blows over the surface of the sea, the higher, longer, faster and more powerful the sea is.
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Although wave energy is a form of concentrated wind energy, as it has often travelled over large distances it is regularly out of phase with the local wind conditions. Wave energy can therefore help to balance output variability from other renewable sources and maximise the efficient use of the electricity networks. Wave energy is also more predictable than many other forms of renewable energy, such as wind or solar, and can be forecast accurately up to five days in advance.
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Wave energy is clean and renewable! It is one of the last renewable energy forms which mankind has yet to harness, and its potential is huge.
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Wave & Tidal Energy Technology | Renewable Northwest Project - 0 views
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Potential
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Wave energy resources are best between 30º and 60º latitude in both hemispheres, and the potential tends to be the greatest on western coasts
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While no commercial wave or tidal projects have yet been developed in the United States, several projects are planned for the near future, including projects in the Northwest
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the amount of 1/4 of energy around the coasts could be equal to the amount energy produced by hydropower
Fuel Cells - Electrochemical Power - 1 views
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Hydrogen as the Main Fuel of the Future Over the last decades hydrogen, (H2) has gained more and more attention as an environmentally friendly fuel and storage medium. Combustion of pure hydrogen produces only water as exhaust. Hydrocarbon and carbon oxide emissions can only come from motor oil in the combustion chamber. Nitrous oxide emissions result from the nitrogen content in the air and increase exponentially with the combustion temperature. By using H2 in fuel cells, practically no pollution occurs. In this respect, hydrogen offers emission levels that are much lower than existing and future standards.
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Hydrogen is the most common of all elements in the universe.
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The desire for a long-term transition to a hydrogen society is mainly based on the need to reduce polluting and climate-affecting emissions and the concern about depletion of fossil fuel resources. Today about 90 % of the world's energy consumption is covered by fossil fuels, and most of this comes from a limited number of regions in the world. Even if hydrogen will be used on a large scale in the future, there is still a need for an energy source to produce it. Renewable energy technology such as hydro electricity, wind, wave and solar power are in principle available, but are not yet mature for mass production and/or fully developed.
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HowStuffWorks "How the Hydrogen Economy Works" - 3 views
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In the hydrogen economy, there is no storehouse to tap into. We have to actually create the energy in real-time.
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There are two possible sources for the hydrogen: Electrolysis of water - Using electricity, it is easy to split water molecules to create pure hydrogen and oxygen. One big advantage of this process is that you can do it anywhere. For example, you could have a box in your garage producing hydrogen from tap water, and you could fuel your car with that hydrogen. Reforming fossil fuels - Oil and natural gas contain hydrocarbons -- molecules consisting of hydrogen and carbon. Using a device called a fuel processor or a reformer, you can split the hydrogen off the carbon in a hydrocarbon relatively easily and then use the hydrogen. You discard the leftover carbon to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide.
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To have a pure hydrogen economy, the hydrogen must be derived from renewable sources rather than fossil fuels so that we stop releasing carbon into the atmosphere. Having enough electricity to separate hydrogen from water, and generating that electricity without using fossil fuels, will be the biggest change that we see in creating the hydrogen economy.
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NREL: Learning - Wind Energy Basics - 0 views
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Applications These wind turbines near Lamar, Colorado, are part of the 162-MW Colorado Green Wind Farm. Each turbine produces 1.5 megawatts of electricity. Wind turbines can be used as stand-alone applications, or they can be connected to a utility power grid or even combined with a photovoltaic (solar cell) system. For utility-scale (megawatt-sized) sources of wind energy, a large number of wind turbines are usually built close together to form a wind plant. Several electricity providers today use wind plants to supply power to their customers.
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