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Dennis OConnor

Lancet: Effectiveness of wearable activity trackers to increase physical activity and i... - 0 views

www.thelancet.com/...fulltext

tracking systematic-reviews meta-analysis

shared by Dennis OConnor on 14 Aug 22 - No Cached
  • Dennis OConnor on 14 Aug 22
     
    "Summary Wearable activity trackers offer an appealing, low-cost tool to address physical inactivity. This systematic review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses (umbrella review) aimed to examine the effectiveness of activity trackers for improving physical activity and related physiological and psychosocial outcomes in clinical and non-clinical populations. Seven databases (Embase, MEDLINE, Ovid Emcare, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science) were searched from database inception to April 8, 2021. Systematic reviews of primary studies using activity trackers as interventions and reporting physical activity, physiological, or psychosocial outcomes were eligible for inclusion. In total, 39 systematic reviews and meta-analyses were identified, reporting results from 163 992 participants spanning all age groups, from both healthy and clinical populations. Taken together, the meta-analyses suggested activity trackers improved physical activity (standardised mean difference [SMD] 0·3-0·6), body composition (SMD 0·7-2·0), and fitness (SMD 0·3), equating to approximately 1800 extra steps per day, 40 min per day more walking, and reductions of approximately 1 kg in bodyweight. Effects for other physiological (blood pressure, cholesterol, and glycosylated haemoglobin) and psychosocial (quality of life and pain) outcomes were typically small and often non-significant. Activity trackers appear to be effective at increasing physical activity in a variety of age groups and clinical and non-clinical populations. The benefit is clinically important and is sustained over time. Based on the studies evaluated, there is sufficient evidence to recommend the use of activity trackers."
Dennis OConnor

Association of Optimism With Cardiovascular Events and All-Cause Mortality: A Systemati... - 1 views

jamanetwork.com/...2752100

positivity kabir

shared by Dennis OConnor on 02 Oct 19 - No Cached
  • Abstract Importance  Optimism and pessimism can be easily measured and are potentially modifiable mindsets that may be associated with cardiovascular risk and all-cause mortality.Objective  To conduct a meta-analysis and systematic review of the association between optimism and risk for future cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality.
  • Conclusions and Relevance  The findings suggest that optimism is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. Future studies should seek to better define the biobehavioral mechanisms underlying this association and evaluate the potential benefit of interventions designed to promote optimism or reduce pessimism.
  • Dennis OConnor on 02 Oct 19
     
    Recommended by Kabir: "Abstract Importance  Optimism and pessimism can be easily measured and are potentially modifiable mindsets that may be associated with cardiovascular risk and all-cause mortality. Objective  To conduct a meta-analysis and systematic review of the association between optimism and risk for future cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. Data Sources and Study Selection  PubMed, Scopus, and PsycINFO electronic databases were systematically searched from inception through July 2, 2019, to identify all cohort studies investigating the association between optimism and pessimism and cardiovascular events and/or all-cause mortality by using the following Medical Subject Heading terms: optimism, optimistic explanatory style, pessimism, outcomes, endpoint, mortality, death, cardiovascular events, stroke, coronary artery disease, coronary heart disease, ischemic heart disease, and cardiovascular disease."
Dennis OConnor

Journal of Medical Internet Research - Sustainability of Weight Loss Through Smartphone... - 0 views

www.jmir.org/e40141

apps research meta-analysis

shared by Dennis OConnor on 27 Sep 22 - No Cached
  • Dennis OConnor on 27 Sep 22
     
    "Sustainability of Weight Loss Through Smartphone Apps: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis on Anthropometric, Metabolic, and Dietary Outcomes"
Dennis OConnor

Patient Journey App: improve healthcare & patient engagement | Patient Journey App - 0 views

patientjourneyapp.com

app empowered-patient

shared by Dennis OConnor on 02 Feb 22 - No Cached
  • Dennis OConnor on 02 Feb 22
     
    "Thesis: "Patient Empowerment through Timely Information" On Friday, 1 October 2021, Thomas Timmers (CEO) successfully defended his doctoral PhD "Patient Empowerment through Timely Information" at Radboudumc.   He examines the impact of the provision of timely information using an app to increase patients' self-management throughout their treatment. The thesis includes a systematic review and the results of 2 large multi-center RCT's. Furthermore, a qualitative study was performed to determine what kind of timely education patients need."
Dennis OConnor

A mysterious company's coronavirus papers in top medical journals may be unraveling | S... - 0 views

www.sciencemag.org/...cal-journals-may-be-unraveling

covid research systematic-reviews

shared by Dennis OConnor on 03 Jun 20 - No Cached
  • On its face, it was a major finding: Antimalarial drugs touted by the White House as possible COVID-19 treatments looked to be not just ineffective, but downright deadly. A study published on 22 May in The Lancet used hospital records procured by a little-known data analytics company called Surgisphere to conclude that coronavirus patients taking chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine were more likely to show an irregular heart rhythm—a known side effect thought to be rare—and were more likely to die in the hospital. Within days, some large randomized trials of the drugs—the type that might prove or disprove the retrospective study’s analysis—screeched to a halt. Solidarity, the World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) megatrial of potential COVID-19 treatments, paused recruitment into its hydroxychloroquine arm, for example.
  • The study doesn’t properly control for the likelihood that patients getting the experimental drugs were sicker than the controls
  • Other researchers were befuddled by the data themselves. Though 66% of the patients were reportedly treated in North America, the reported doses tended to be higher than the guidelines set by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, White notes. The authors claim to have included 4402 patients in Africa, 561 of whom died, but it seems unlikely that African hospitals would have detailed electronic health records for so many patients, White says.
  • ...9 more annotations...
  • This was very, very annoying, that The Lancet were just going to let them write this absurd reply … without addressing any of the other concerns,”
  • 200 clinicians and researchers, that calls for the release of Surgisphere’s hospital-level data, an independent validation of the results
  • But the revision had other problems, Chaccour and his colleagues wrote in their blog post. For example, the mortality rate for patients who received mechanical ventilation but no ivermectin was just 21%, which is strikingly low; a recent case series from New York City area found that 88% of COVID-19 patients who needed ventilation died. Also, the data shown in a figure were wildly different from those reported in the text. (Science also attempted to reach Grainger, but received no reply to an email and call.)
  • Surgisphere’s sparse online presence—the website doesn’t list any of its partner hospitals by name or identify its scientific advisory board, for example—have prompted intense skepticism.
  • wondered in a blog post why Surgisphere’s enormous database doesn’t appear to have been used in peer-reviewed research studies until May.
  • how LinkedIn could list only five Surgisphere employees—all but Desai apparently lacking a scientific or medical background—if the company really provides software to hundreds of hospitals to coordinate the collection of sensitive data from electronic health records.
  • Desai’s spokesperson responded to inquiries about the company by saying it has 11 employees and has been developing its database since 2008.
  • The potential of hydroxychloroquine for treating COVID-19 has become a political flashpoint, and the questions around the Lancet paper have provided new fodder to the drug’s supporters. French microbiologist Didier Raoult, whose own widely criticized studies suggested a benefit from the drug, derided the new study in a video posted today, calling the authors “incompetent.” On social media, some speculated that the paper was part of a conspiracy against hydroxychloroquine.
  • Chaccour says both NEJM and The Lancet should have scrutinized the provenance of Surgisphere’s data more closely before publishing the studies. “Here we are in the middle of a pandemic with hundreds of thousands of deaths, and the two most prestigious medical journals have failed us,” he says.
  • Dennis OConnor on 03 Jun 20
     
    Recommended by Mike Kurisu, DO.
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