Peer-to-Peer Governance, Production And Property: P2P As A Way Of Living - Part 1 - 0 views
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Such free cooperation can only be hindered ‘artificially’, through either legal means ( intellectual property regimes) or through technical restrictions such as Digital Rights Management, which essentially hinder the social innovation that can take place.
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The expansion of peer production is dependent on cultural/legal conditions. It requires;open and free raw cultural material to use; participative structures to process it; and commons-based property forms to protect the results from private appropriation.
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In most cases, distribution beats decentralization and centralization as the best way to deal with complexity.
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The sphere of commons-oriented peer production, based on stronger links between cooperators, think Linux or Wikipedia, usually combines a self-governing community, with for-benefit institutions (Apache Foundation, Wikimedia Foundation, etc…), which manage the infrastructure of collaboration, and a ecology of businesses which create scarcities around the commons, and in return support the commons from which they derive their value.
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Finally, crowdsourcing occurs when it is the institutions themselves which attempt to create a framework, where participation can be integrated in their value chain, and this can take a wide variety of forms. This is generally the field of co-creation.
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We must note that monetary value that is being realized by the capital players, is – in many if not most of the cases, not of the same order as the value created by the social innovation processes.
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peer governance requires a priori consensus on the common object. But society as a whole lacks such consensus by definition: it is a decentralized collection of competing interests and worldviews, rather than a distributed network of free agents. Therefore, for society at large, there is no alternative to a revitalized democratic political scenario based on representation.