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Johann Höchtl

Peer-to-Peer Governance, Production And Property: P2P As A Way Of Living - Part 1 - 0 views

  • Such free cooperation can only be hindered ‘artificially’, through either legal means ( intellectual property regimes) or through technical restrictions such as  Digital Rights Management, which essentially hinder the social innovation that can take place.
  • The expansion of peer production is dependent on cultural/legal conditions. It requires;open and free raw cultural material to use; participative structures to process it; and commons-based property forms to protect the results from private appropriation.
  • In most cases, distribution beats decentralization and centralization as the best way to deal with  complexity.
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  • The sphere of commons-oriented peer production, based on stronger links between cooperators, think Linux or Wikipedia, usually combines a self-governing community, with for-benefit institutions (Apache Foundation, Wikimedia Foundation, etc…), which manage the infrastructure of collaboration, and a  ecology of businesses which create scarcities around the commons, and in return support the commons from which they derive their value.
  • Finally,  crowdsourcing occurs when it is the institutions themselves which attempt to create a framework, where participation can be integrated in their value chain, and this can take a wide variety of forms. This is generally the field of co-creation.
  • We must note that monetary value that is being realized by the capital players, is – in many if not most of the cases, not of the same order as the value created by the social innovation processes.
  • peer governance requires a priori consensus on the common object. But society as a whole lacks such consensus by definition: it is a decentralized collection of competing interests and worldviews, rather than a distributed network of  free agents. Therefore, for society at large, there is no alternative to a revitalized democratic political scenario based on representation.
Johann Höchtl

EUROPA - Press Releases - Viviane Reding Member of the European Commission responsible ... - 0 views

  • It is my firm belief that we cannot expect citizens to trust Europe if we are not serious in defending the right to privacy
  • The first is our work with social networking sites.
  • The second example is RFID
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  • My third example is behavioural advertising
  • Businesses must use their power of innovation to improve the protection of privacy and personal data from the very beginning of the development cycle. Privacy by Design
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    Information Society and Media Privacy: the challenges ahead for the European Union
thinkahol *

A Primer on Class Struggle | Common Dreams - 0 views

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    When we study Marx in my graduate social theory course, it never fails that at least one student will say (approximately), "Class struggle didn't escalate in the way Marx expected. In modern capitalist societies class struggle has disappeared. So isn't it clear that Marx was wrong and his ideas are of little value today?" I respond by challenging the premise that class struggle has disappeared. On the contrary, I say that class struggle is going on all the time in every major institution of society. One just has to learn how to recognize it. One needn't embrace the labor theory of value to understand that employers try to increase profits by keeping wages down and getting as much work as possible out of their employees. As the saying goes, every successful capitalist knows what a Marxist knows; they just apply the knowledge differently. Workers' desire for better pay and benefits, safe working conditions, and control over their own time puts them at odds with employers. Class struggle in this sense hasn't gone away. In fact, it's inherent in the relationship between capitalist employer and employee. What varies is how aggressively and overtly each side fights for its interests.
Johann Höchtl

Hohe Bildungsausgaben in Österreich - science.ORF.at - 0 views

  • Österreichs Bildungssystem gehört - umgelegt auf die Zahl der Schüler und Studenten - zu den teuersten in der OECD. Das geht aus der soeben veröffentlichten OECD-Studie "Bildung auf einen Blick 2010" (Education at a Glance) hervor. Kategorie: OECD-Studie Erstellt am 07.09.2010. Die Ausgaben pro Schüler bzw. Student betrugen 2007 von der Volks- bis zur Hochschule 10.974 US-Dollar (kaufkraftbereinigt) pro Jahr - ein Wert, der deutlich über dem OECD-Schnitt von 8.216 Dollar liegt. Übertroffen wird das nur von den USA (14.269 Dollar), der Schweiz (13.031) und Norwegen (11.967).
Johann Höchtl

Problems and Opportunities in Government Data - Input Output - 1 views

  • Problems
  • n Government Data
  • data loss privatization mis-publication greater respect for privacy and other citizen concerns, and excessive secrecy
thinkahol *

The Truth about 'Class War' in America | Common Dreams - 0 views

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    The tax structure imposed by Washington on the US over the last half-century has seen a massive double shift of the burden of taxation: from corporations to individuals and from the richest individuals to everyone else. If the national debate wants seriously to use a term like "class war" to describe Washington's tax policies, then the reality is that the class war's winners have been corporations and the rich
Johann Höchtl

OpenGovernment: Empower individuals and organizations to track government at every leve... - 1 views

  • As a joint project of two 501(c)3 non-profit organizations, the Participatory Politics Foundation and the Sunlight Foundation, OpenGovernment will empower individuals and organizations to track government at every level.
  • You can support the open-source work on OpenGovernment by becoming a Booster of the non-profit Participatory Politics Foundation (a tax-exempt recurring donation of $1/day), giving a one-time charitable gift, or by forking the code on GitHub and start hacking.
Johann Höchtl

Home - IMMI - 0 views

  • Home From IMMI Jump to: navigation, search The International Modern Media Institute is working towards rethinking media regulation for the digital age.
  • The Icelandic Parliament unanimously agreed to task the government with implementing the protections we proposed, and this work is now in progress.
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    International modern media institute - an adivsor to the Island parliament to harness public creativity in co-drafting a collaborative constiution
thinkahol *

The Day the Middle Class Died - 0 views

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    From time to time, someone under 30 will ask me, "When did this all begin, America's downward slide?" They say they've heard of a time when working people could raise a family and send the kids to college on just one parent's income (and that college in states like California and New York was almost free). That anyone who wanted a decent paying job could get one. That people only worked five days a week, eight hours a day, got the whole weekend off and had a paid vacation every summer. That many jobs were union jobs, from baggers at the grocery store to the guy painting your house, and this meant that no matter how "lowly" your job was you had guarantees of a pension, occasional raises, health insurance and someone to stick up for you if you were unfairly treated. Young people have heard of this mythical time - but it was no myth, it was real. And when they ask, "When did this all end?", I say, "It ended on this day: August 5th, 1981." Beginning on this date, 30 years ago, Big Business and the Right Wing decided to "go for it" - to see if they could actually destroy the middle class so that they could become richer themselves. And they've succeeded. On August 5, 1981, President Ronald Reagan fired every member of the air traffic controllers union (PATCO) who'd defied his order to return to work and declared their union illegal. They had been on strike for just two days.
Parycek

Willkommen im Schwarm! - 0 views

  • Mit dem Schwarmverhalten von Bienen, Ameisen, Fischen und Vögeln hat die Sache allerdings nicht immer viel zu tun. Und auch, dass Menschen, über große Entfernungen hinweg, selbstorganisiert und ohne zentrale Lenkung miteinander kooperieren, ist kein ganz neues Phänomen. Der Mechanismus der Preisbildung auf Märkten, wie ihn Adam Smith mit seiner Theorie der "Unsichtbaren Hand" beschrieb, ist das Paradebeispiel für eine solche Form kollektiver Intelligenz.
  • Smart Crowd: Der Durchschnitt macht's
  • Geschichte der Soziologin Kate Gordon. Sie führt, noch in den zwanziger Jahren, ein einfaches Experiment durch. Gordon bittet ihre Studenten, eine Handvoll Gegenstände nach dem geschätzten Gewicht in einer Reihe anzuordnen. Zweihundert Kandidaten lässt sie diesen Test absolvieren. Am Ende zählt sie zusammen, ermittelt den Durchschnitt der Schätzwerte. Und da ist es passiert. Zusammengenommen hat die Gruppe der zweihundert Studenten eine Trefferquote von 94 Prozent.
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  • Nur fünf Teilnehmer der Studie erzielen mit ihren eigenen Schätzungen ein besseres Ergebnis. Der Durchschnitt hat die Einzelnen besiegt!
  • Andere Forscher wiederholen das Experiment. Sie variieren den Aufbau, lassen anstelle von Gewicht die Menge von Murmeln in einem Glas schätzen oder die Anzahl von Schrotkörnchen, die zu einem kleinen Häuflein aufgeschüttet worden sind
  • Ein schlichtes mathematisches Gesetz ist der Grund für den überraschenden Ausgang der Experimente. Das "Prinzip des Durchschnitts" könnte man es nennen. In seiner einfachsten Form besagt es: Lass eine Gruppe von Menschen irgendeine Menge, ein Gewicht oder eine andere Zahl schätzen. Berechne den Durchschnitt der Tipps und Schätzungen. Immer wird er mindestens so nahe am Ziel liegen, meist sogar näher wie der durchschnittliche Einzelne - selbst dann, wenn die Gruppe aus nicht mehr als zwei Teilnehmern besteht.
  • "Als Faustregel würde ich sagen: Wenn Dir zwei Leute einen Tipp geben, und Du sicher weißt, dass der eine mindestens doppelt so verlässlich in seinem Urteil ist, wie der andere, dann tu was er sagt. Ansonsten: Bilde den Durchschnitt!". Jack Soll
  • Sunstein zitiert, ist ein Experiment, das 2005 in Colorado durchgeführt wurde. Sechzig amerikanische Bürger wurden zusammengebracht und in zehn Gruppen zu jeweils fünf bis sieben Leuten eingeteilt. Jede Gruppe wurde aufgefordert, über aktuelle politische Kontroversen zu diskutieren: Homo-Ehe, Gleichstellungspolitik, Kyoto-Protokoll. Die Teilnehmer des Experimentes waren so ausgesucht worden, dass die Gruppen zu Teilen aus Liberalen, also Linken bestand, und zu Teilen aus Konservativen. Fünf Gruppen waren von den Liberalen dominiert, fünf von den Konservativen. Jeweils vor und nach der Diskussion gaben die Teilnehmer ihre Meinungen einzeln und anonym zu Protokoll.
  • Das Resultat: In fast jeder Gruppe vertraten die Diskutanten am Ende radikalere Positionen als zuvor. Während innerhalb der jeweiligen Lager der Zusammenhalt gestärkt wurde, wuchs die Kluft zwischen Liberalen und Konservativen.
  • Denn eine Grundvoraussetzung für die beschriebenen Techniken des "information aggregeting" ist, dass die einzelnen Teilnehmer, Spieler oder Wähler hinreichend voneinander isoliert sind und sich in ihrer Meinungsbildung nicht, wie im Colorado-Experiment, zu stark gegenseitig beeinflussen.
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    Alter (2006) aber ausgezeichneter Artikel zum Thema Kollektive Intelligenz - Potentiale und Grenzen. Mit einigen sehr guten Beispielen.
Johann Höchtl

Wikileaks publishes documents on plan to curb free software in the European Union - 0 views

  • Wikileaks (website) publishes documents that show a plan to curb the free software in the European Union.
  • This file shows that Jonathan Zuck, president of Association for Competitive Technology (ACT) –an organization with close ties to Microsoft–, and founder of Americans for Technology Leadership, had influenced the change of working documents of the European Union.
  • This publication shows how pressure groups influence or attempt to influence the decisions made by the European institutions, but in this case is particularly striking one of these groups trying to influence against free software (ACT) has close ties Microsoft,
Johann Höchtl

Internet Surpasses Television as Main News Source for Young Adults - 0 views

  • Internet Surpasses Television as Main News Source for Young Adults
  • a study from the Pew Research Center
  • Tweet counts have increased from 5,000 daily in 2007 to 90 million daily in 2010, while Facebook () went from 30 million users in 2007 to more than 500 million users today
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    Some stats about SNS sites
Johann Höchtl

Policy Framework for Government Held Information - Ministry of Justice, New Zealand - 0 views

  • Policy Framework for Government Held Information
  • They take the view that Government held information is a strategic resource that requires good management through its lifecycle
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    The almost Open Data Policy Framework of New Zealand
thinkahol *

Charting the class struggle | libcom.org - 0 views

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    I was looking into the historical data on strike days in Britain for a feature in Catalyst, but there's a lot more to discuss than we could fit in the paper, so I've extended it to a blog post.
Johann Höchtl

Queensland gov cleans up ICT "mess" | Articles | FutureGov - Transforming Government | ... - 0 views

  • This audit uncovered, for example, that there were 128 case management systems, 190 financial management systems and 109 document and record management systems.
  • The estimated cost of operating these systems alone is estimated at more than US$80 million (AUD$80 million) annually.
  • Concerns remain that about 10 per cent of the state government network is in poor technical condition
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    Um Open Government nutzbringend zu verwenden, muss zuerst das Informationsmanagement und die IKT-Landschaft stimmen
Johann Höchtl

NCDD Resource Center » Core Principles for Public Engagement - 0 views

  • The Public Engagement Principles (PEP) Project was launched in mid-February 2009 to create clarity in our field about what we consider to be the fundamental components of quality public engagement, and to support President Obama’s January 21, 2009 memorandum on open government.
thinkahol *

Things That Make Me Angry | Thinkahol's Blog - 0 views

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    Wall Street Isn't Winning - It's Cheating The two-tiered justice system: an illustration 9/10/2001: Rumsfeld says $2.3 TRILLION Missing from Pentagon  The due-process-free assassination of U.S. citizens is now reality The Quiet Coup "the finance industry has effectively captured our government" What OWS is about + data behind the movement Data privacy is now extinct in the U.S. "The problem that confronts us is that every living system in the biosphere is in decline and the rate of decline is accelerating. There isn't one peer-reviewed scientific article that's been published in the last 20 years that contradicts that statement. Living systems are coral reefs. They're our climatic stability, forest cover, the oceans themselves, aquifers, water, the conditions of the soil, biodiversity. They go on and on as they get more specific. But the fact is, there isn't one living system that is stable or is improving. And those living systems provide the basis for all life." The 1% are the very best destroyers of wealth the world has ever seen The prison industry in the United States: big business or a new form of slavery? How the GOP Became the Party of the Rich: The inside story of how the Republicans abandoned the poor and the middle class to pursue their relentless agenda of tax cuts for the wealthiest one percent
Johann Höchtl

U.S. Tries to Make It Easier to Wiretap the Internet - NYTimes.com - 0 views

  • Essentially, officials want Congress to require all services that enable communications — including encrypted e-mail transmitters like BlackBerry, social networking Web sites like Facebook and software that allows direct “peer to peer” messaging like Skype — to be technically capable of complying if served with a wiretap order.
  • The bill, which the Obama administration plans to submit to lawmakers next year, raises fresh questions about how to balance security needs with protecting privacy and fostering innovation.
  • But law enforcement officials contend that imposing such a mandate is reasonable and necessary to prevent the erosion of their investigative powers.
Johann Höchtl

YPD Challenge Österreich Partizipation - 0 views

  • Die YPD-Challenge 2010 YPD steht für Young, Powerful und Dynamic. – Und damit für Österreichs Next Generation, die ihre berufliche Zukunft selbst in die Hand nehmen will.
thinkahol *

How Can the Richest 1 Percent Be Winning This Brutal Class War Against 99% of Us? | Eco... - 1 views

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    How has a tiny fraction of the population arranged for their narrowest economic interests to dominate those of the vast majority?
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