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DARPA seeks innovative proposals to develop technology for enhancing cognitive skill learning in healthy adults by using noninvasive peripheral neurostimulation to promote synaptic plasticity in the brain. The Targeted neuroplasticity Training (TNT) program will elucidate the anatomical and functional map of the underlying neural circuity involved in regulating synaptic plasticity. The program seeks to demonstrate peripheral modulation of the neural circuit, connect neuroplasticity with cognitive improvements, and optimize intervention protocols for long term retention with no side effects.

The Administrator of the Administration for Community Living establishes a priority for the funding of a National Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Model Systems Data Center that advances medical rehabilitation by increasing the rigor and efficiency of scientific efforts to longitudinally assess the experience of individuals with TBI. This Data Center must maintain the national longitudinal database for data submitted by each of the TBIS Model Systems Centers. This Data Center must also ensure collection of high quality data and support rigorous research by the model system centers by monitoring data quality, providing training in collecting TBI Model Systems data, and providing methodological consultation to these centers.

PCORI seeks to fund pragmatic clinical trials, large simple trials, or large-scale observational studies that compare two or more alternatives for addressing prevention, diagnosis, treatment, or management of a disease or symptom; improving healthcare system-level approaches to managing care; communicating or disseminating research results to patients, caregivers, or clinicians; or eliminating health or healthcare disparities. Proposed studies must address critical clinical choices faced by patients, their caregivers, clinicians, or delivery systems. They must involve broadly representative patient populations and be large enough to provide precise estimates of hypothesized effectiveness differences and to support evaluation of potential differences in treatment effectiveness in patient subgroups.

This FOA invites applications that will systematically and comprehensively characterize alpha-synuclein and amyloid-beta subspecies present in human Lewy Body Dementia (LBD) post-mortem brain tissue, identify toxic subspecies and potential mechanisms of toxicity, and characterize any interactions between the proteins that may contribute to increased toxicity and/or explain selective vulnerabilities of cells/circuits. Applications are required to include at least 3 hypothesis-driven projects that address these goals, an administrative core, and other cores as appropriate. Applicants will be expected to focus on the use of human tissues. All applications will be expected to include plans for developing a publicly-available library of fully characterized alpha-synuclein and amyloid-beta subspecies found in LBD.

The purpose of this funding opportunity announcement (FOA) is to invite applications for the Clinical Coordinating Center (CCC) of the Early Phase Pain Investigation Clinical Network (EPPIC-Net). EPPIC-Net will serve as the cornerstone of the NIHs Helping to End Addiction Long-term (HEAL) Partnership. EPPIC-Net will provide a robust and readily accessible infrastructure for carrying out in-depth phenotyping and biomarker studies in patients with specific pain conditions, and the rapid design and performance of high-quality Phase 2 clinical trials to test promising novel therapeutics for pain from partners in academia or industry. Studies will bring intense focus to patients with well-defined pain conditions and high unmet therapeutic needs. EPPIC-Net will consist of one Clinical Coordinating Center (CCC), one Data Coordinating Center (DCC) and approximately 10 specialized clinical centers (Hubs). The CCC will both help design and facilitate the implementation of clinical trials and studies.

The purpose of this NIH Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to invite research applications proposing to map neural circuitry mediating visceral organ pain. This FOA is part of the Stimulating Peripheral Activity to Relieve Conditions (SPARC) Common Fund program and is coordinated with the Translational Devices to Treat Pain (TDTP) initiatives of the NIH HEAL program (see Companion Funding Opportunities above). Detailed mapping of pain-mediating circuitry originating from visceral organ afferents will leverage the SPARC program to produce maps that could accelerate the development of non-addictive approaches to treat pain.

This funding opportunity announcement (FOA) supports the development of PET radioligands that identify proteinopathies or pathological processes associated with the human biology of Alzheimer's disease related dementias (ADRDs). Activities supported under this FOA include, but are not limited to the in vitro screening of existing ligands against human ADRD brain tissue, medicinal chemistry support for development of new compounds and improvement of existing ligand specificity and selectivity, initial screening of ligands in appropriate animal models, and radioligand formulation and first-in-human testing. The Center without Walls should encompass research that will move promising ligands through in vitro and in vivo optimization to first-in-human studies. Applications must include an administrative core, a medicinal chemistry core, a clinical core, a scientific governance structure, and a minimum of two research projects with milestone plans that address workflows for screening of existing and newly derived ligands against human ADRD tissue and appropriate animal models. Synergy must be evident among Center research projects and cores, such that successful completion of the aims could not be accomplished without the Center structure. This FOA is in response to the Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (ADRD) challenges outlined in the 2016 update to the National Plan to Address Alzheimer's Disease.

This FOA aims to elucidate basic sleep and circadian mechanisms contributing to the risk of opiate use disorder (OUD), the pathobiology of opiate withdrawal, and that influence the response to medication-assisted treatment (MAT). Studies are needed to apply advances in understanding sleep and circadian biology to improving our understanding of OUD, the directionality of sleep and OUD interactions, and the opportunities to improve therapy and outcome. Multi-disciplinary, multiple-investigator teams combining expertise in sleep and circadian neurobiology with the neurobiology OUD and pharmacology of MAT are strongly encouraged. This FOA is only open to the study of OUD relevant mechanisms and pathobiology. The study of other drugs of abuse will not be responsive.

The BRAIN Initiative: The Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies (BRAIN) Initiative® is aimed at revolutionizing our understanding of the human brain. By accelerating the development and application of innovative technologies, researchers will be able to produce a new dynamic picture of the brain that, for the first time, will show how individual cells and complex neural circuits interact in both time and space. It is expected that the application of these new tools and technologies will ultimately lead to new ways to treat and prevent brain disorders.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) solicits applications to develop standards that describe experimental protocols that are being conducted as part of the BRAIN Initiative. It is expected that applications will solicit community input at all stages of the process.  It is recommended that the first step of standard development will involve sharing data between different key groups in the experimental community in order to ensure that the developing standard will cover the way that all of those groups are collecting data. The developed standard is expected to be made widely available.

The purpose of this FOA is to solicit applications for the AD/ADRD Health Care Systems Research Collaboratory ("Collaboratory", henceforth) to improve care for persons with dementia (PWD) and their caregivers through health systems. Health and long-term systems for this FOA are defined broadly and include organizations providing care across settings to include primary and specialty outpatient care, acute inpatient care, skilled nursing and other rehabilitation facilities, residential long-term care, and home and community-based services. Organizations may be traditional health care systems (e.g., health maintenance organizations, or HMOs), health insurance companies, managed care plans, home health care providers, memory clinics, nursing homes, assisted living facilities, outpatient clinics, federally-designated health centers, hospitals, and other providers of acute and long-term care.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) invites U54 Cooperative Agreement applications aiming to establish multi-component Alzheimer Centers for the Discovery of New Medicines. The overarching purpose of this Centers program is to improve, diversify and reinvigorate the Alzheimers disease (AD) drug development pipeline by accelerating the characterization and experimental validation of next generation therapeutic targets and, integrating the targets into drug discovery campaigns. In addition, this program aims to de-risk potential therapeutics to the point that industry will invest in them, accelerating the delivery of new drugs to AD patients. To this end, the funded Centers will design, develop and disseminate tools that support target enabling packages (TEPs) for the experimental validation of novel, next generation therapeutic targets, including those emanating from the NIA-funded, target discovery programs such as AMP-AD and, initiate early stage drug discovery campaigns against the enabled targets.

The purpose of this Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies (BRAIN) Initiative is to encourage applications that will develop and validate novel tools to facilitate the detailed analysis and manipulation of complex circuits and provide insights into cellular interactions that underlie brain function. Critical advances in the treatment of brain disorders in human populations are hindered by our lack of ability to monitor and manipulate circuitry in safe, minimally-invasive ways. Clinical intervention with novel cell and circuit specific tools will require extensive focused research designed to remove barriers to delivery of gene therapies. In addition to identification and removal of barriers, the need to specifically target dysfunctional circuitry poses additional challenges. Neuroscience has experienced an impressive influx of exciting new research tools in the past decade, especially since the launch of the BRAIN Initiative.

The National Institute on Aging invites revision applications to ongoing NIA-supported Cooperative Agreements in the area of the genetics of Alzheimer's Disease and Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD). This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) invites applications specific to sample acquisition, genome wide association studies, whole genome sequencing, quality control checking, variant calling, and data calling that will support the generation of data for the Alzheimer's Disease Sequencing Project Follow-Up Study.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) solicits applications to develop informatics tools for analyzing, visualizing, and integrating data related to the BRAIN Initiative or to enhance our understanding of the brain.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) invites applications that propose to develop and implement early stage (Phase I or II) clinical trials of promising pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions in individuals with age-related cognitive decline and in individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) across the spectrum from pre-symptomatic to more severe stages of disease, as well as to stimulate studies to enhance trial design and methods.

The intent of this award is to fund an organization that can provide collaborative research assistance under three research focus areas:1) undersea medicine research, 2) regenerative medicine research and 3) neurotrauma research. The award will be issued as a cooperative agreement between the recipient and the Government (OUMD-NMRC (Operational and Undersea Medicine Directorate at Naval Medical Research Center)). The award recipient (awardee) will collaborate with OUMD-NMRC to develop and implement scientific research efforts and share substantial programmatic involvement with OUMD-NMRC.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) invites applications to provide infrastructure support for advancing development of specific high-priority areas of behavioral and social research of relevance to Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease related dementias (AD/ADRD). The infrastructure support will facilitate research networks through meetings, conferences, small-scale pilots, short-term educational opportunities (such as intensive workshops, summer institutes, or visiting scholar programs), and dissemination to encourage growth and development of specified priority areas and build resources for advancing aging-relevant research in the field at large. Network applications are limited to the following areas: (1) AD/ADRD care and services research, and (2) the coordination of international studies conducting the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol.

Grants of up to $300,000 over two years will be awarded in support of projects focused on the development of biomarkers previously identified in samples from well-characterized human subjects. Validated methods should be used in quantifying and qualifying biomarkers, with less enthusiasm for the development of novel technologies. Priority biomarker areas include companion biomarkers, neuroimaging, CSF and blood-based biomarkers, and functional activity measures.

The PRP IIRA supports highly rigorous, multidisciplinary, high-impact research projects that have the potential to make an important contribution to Parkinson's disease research and/or patient care. This award mechanism supports the full spectrum of research from basic science through clinical research that specifically focuses on scientific and clinical Parkinson's disease issues, which, if successfully addressed, have the potential to make a major impact in understanding, preventing, diagnosing, or treating Parkinson's disease or enhancing the well-being of individuals experiencing the impact of the disease.