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Eide Neurolearning Blog: Recess Essential for Improving Attention - 0 views

eideneurolearningblog.blogspot.com/...s-essential-for-improving.html neurolearning recess learning behavior
shared by Tero Toivanen on 23 May 09 - Cached
  • New research suggests that play and down time may be as important to a child’s academic experience as reading, science and math, and that regular recess, fitness or nature time can influence behavior, concentration and even grades.
  • Young children with sensory processing disorders are especially susceptible to behavioral and attention problems if they are not allowed to move and exercise throughout their day.
  • Tero Toivanen on 23 May 09
     
    New research suggests that play and down time may be as important to a child's academic experience as reading, science and math, and that regular recess, fitness or nature time can influence behavior, concentration and even grades.
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YouTube - Health Matters: Behavior and Our Brain - 0 views

www.youtube.com/watch youtube Sejnowski learning adaptation interaction brain human abilities environment brain change brain imaging music critical periods neurons fetus brain disorders genes evolution language distincion behavior addiction dopamine stimulus ratification intui
shared by Tero Toivanen on 19 Jul 09 - Cached
  • Tero Toivanen on 19 Jul 09
     
    In an interview Ph.D. Terrence Sejnowski from Salk Institute for biological studies explains about many things about brains and behavior.
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Phasic Firing Of Dopamine Neurons Is Key To Brain's Prediction Of Rewards - 0 views

www.sciencedaily.com/...090403144032.htm dopamine neurons brain learning rewards behavior
shared by Tero Toivanen on 23 May 09 - Cached
  • Our research findings provide a direct functional link between the bursting activity of midbrain dopamine neurons and behavior. The research has significant applications for the improvement of health, because the dopamine neurons we are studying are the same neurons that become inactivated during Parkinson's Disease and with the consumption of psychostimulants such as cocaine and amphetamine
  • Midbrain dopamine neurons fire in two characteristic modes, tonic and phasic, which are thought to modulate distinct aspects of behavior. When an unexpected reward is presented to an individual, midbrain dopamine neurons fire high frequency bursts of electrical activity. Those bursts of activity allow us to learn to associate the reward with cues in our environment, which may predict similar rewards in the future.
  • When researchers placed the mice in reward-based situations, they found that the mice without the NMDA receptor in their dopaminergic neurons could not learn tasks that required them to associate sensory cues with reward. Those same mice, however, were able to learn tasks that did not involve an association with rewards.
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Journal of Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment - Dove Press - 0 views

www.dovepress.com/b-acute--peer-reviewed-article neuropsychiatric cerebral ischemia melatonin stroke neuroprotection
shared by Tero Toivanen on 23 May 09 - Cached
  • Increasing evidence has shown that, in animal stroke models, administering melatonin significantly reduces infarct volume, edema, and oxidative damage and improves electrophysiological and behavioral performance.
  • Given that melatonin shows almost no toxicity to humans and possesses multifaceted protective capacity against cerebral ischemia, it is valuable to consider using melatonin in clinical trials on patients suffering from stroke.
  • Tero Toivanen on 23 May 09
     
    Increasing evidence has shown that, in animal stroke models, administering melatonin significantly reduces infarct volume, edema, and oxidative damage and improves electrophysiological and behavioral performance.
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Selective aphasia in a brain damaged bilingual patient : Neurophilosophy - 0 views

scienceblogs.com/...damageed_bilungual_patient.php brain bilingual Arabic Hebrew CT scan frontal lobe parietal lobe crationomy hemorrhage
shared by Tero Toivanen on 11 Jul 09 - Cached
  • A unique case study published in the open access journal Behavioral and Brain Functions sheds some light on this matter. The study, by Raphiq Ibrahim, a neurologist at the University of Haifa, describes a bilingual Arabic-Hebrew speaker who incurred brain damage following a viral infection. Consequently, the patient experienced severe deficits in Hebrew but not in Arabic. The findings support the view that specific components of a first and second language are represented by different substrates in the brain.
  • A native Arabic speaker, he learned Hebrew at an early age (4th grade) and later used it competently both professionally and academically.
  • A CT scan showed that he had suffered a massive hemorrhage in the left temporal lobe, which was compressing the tissue on both sides of the central sulcus, the prominent gfissure which separates the frontal and parietal lobes.
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  • A craniotomy was performed to relieve the pressure, and afterwards another scan showed moderate hemorrhage and herpes encephalitis in the left temporal lobe, and another hemorrhage beneath the outer membrane (the dura) lying over the right frontal lobe.
  • During his 2 month stay there, he developed epileptic seizures which originated in the left temporal lobe, and amnestic aphasia (an inability to name objects or to recognize their written or spoken names). 
  • After the rehabilitation period, a series of linguistic tests was administered to determine the extent of his speech deficits. M.H. exhibited deficits in both languages, but the most severe deficits were seen only in Hebrew. In this language he had a severe difficulty in recalling words and names, so that his speech was non-fluent and interrupted by frequent pauses. He had difficulty understanding others' spoken Hebrew, and also had great difficulty reading and writing Hebrew. In Arabic, his native language, all of these abilities were affected only mildy.
  • The results support a neurolinguistic model in which the brain of bilinguals contains a semantic system (which represents word meanings) which is common to both languages and which is connected to independent lexical systems (which encode the vocabulary of each language). The findings further suggest that the second language (in this case, Hebrew) is represented by an independent subsystem which does not represent the first language (Arabic) and is more succeptible to brain damage.
  • Tero Toivanen on 11 Jul 09
     
    A unique case study published in the open access journal Behavioral and Brain Functions sheds some light on this matter. The study, by Raphiq Ibrahim, a neurologist at the University of Haifa, describes a bilingual Arabic-Hebrew speaker who incurred brain damage following a viral infection. Consequently, the patient experienced severe deficits in Hebrew but not in Arabic. The findings support the view that specific components of a first and second language are represented by different substrates in the brain.
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Lab Notes : The Brains of Early Birds and Night Owls - 0 views

blog.newsweek.com/...arly-birds-and-night-owls.aspx brain sleep Early Birds Night Owls Science University of Liege Belgium
shared by Tero Toivanen on 21 Jun 09 - Cached
  • There was no real difference between the early birds and the night owls in their performance on the morning test. But the evening test was a different story: night owls were less sleepy and had faster reaction times than early birds.
  • So even though both groups were sleeping and waking according to their preferred schedule, night owls generally outlasted early birds in how long they could stay awake and mentally alert before becoming mentally fatigued. The fMRI supported the behavioral results: 10.5 hours after waking up, the early birds had lower activity in brain regions linked to attention and the circadian master clock, compared to night owls.
  • Tero Toivanen on 21 Jun 09
     
    A new study, in the journal Science, reports some intriguing differences between the brain-activity patterns of the two types that underlie the behavioral differences.
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VS Ramachandran: The neurons that shaped civilization - YouTube - 0 views

www.youtube.com/watch brain research neuroscience learning neurons youtube mirror neurons
shared by Tero Toivanen on 18 Nov 12 - No Cached
  • Tero Toivanen on 18 Nov 12
     
    "Neuroscientist Vilayanur Ramachandran outlines the fascinating functions of mirror neurons. Only recently discovered, these neurons allow us to learn complex social behaviors, some of which formed the foundations of human civilization as we know it."
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Brain imaging predicts future reading progress in children with dyslexia - 0 views

www.physorg.com/...-future-children-dyslexia.html brain predicts future imaging dyslexia
shared by Tero Toivanen on 20 Dec 10 - No Cached
  • Tero Toivanen on 20 Dec 10
     
    Brain scans of adolescents with dyslexia can be used to predict the future improvement of their reading skills with an accuracy rate of up to 90 percent, new research indicates. Advanced analyses of the brain activity images are significantly more accurate in driving predictions than standardized reading tests or any other measures of children's behavior.
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The Neuroscience of Addiction: A Conversation with Dr. Nora Volkow - 0 views

neuroscene.com/index.php neuroscience neuropsychology evolutionary psychology addiction drugs food eating
shared by Michael Manning on 19 Oct 09 - Cached
Amira . liked it
  • Michael Manning on 19 Oct 09
     
    For many years, drug addictions were deemed to be largely behavioral disorders once the abuser went through a period of detoxification.  But advanced imaging technologies have now indicated that addiction is a physical process that occurs in addition to physical dependency. 
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The Top 10 Challenges for Brain Science in 2013 - Forbes - 0 views

www.forbes.com/...nges-for-brain-science-in-2013
shared by David McGavock on 31 Dec 12 - No Cached
  • 1. Figure out what fMRI can truly tell us about our brains. 
  • There’s little question fMRI is valuable, but too many disparate forces are out there spinning brain scans in too many ways. Perhaps one solution, or start of a solution, is a summit hosted by a credible, well-respected institute or organization to gather the best of the best minds in the field to establish a game plan moving forward.
  • 2. Determine what role, if any, neuroscience should play in the courtroom.
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  • . Continue crafting a constructive consilience between disciplines.
  • Neuroscience, behavioral science, evolutionary biology, economics, engineering, and even the humanities have all come to the proverbial table in the last few years
  • Produce more applicable knowledge and less curious meanderings.
  • 7. Join forces with more public health sources to engender broader awareness of critical issues. 
  • Try to fight the urge to spin off more headline pablum like “Brain Porn.”
  • How about we spend more time trying to solve the problems and less time concocting clever catch phrases?
  • Shine the light on how far the forces of marketing have exploited brain science advances (this is a genuine public service).
  • I am an unwavering advocate of making sure people understand how the forces of marketing are using the field to sell more products.
  • Again, what is truly “solid applicable knowledge” is frequently debatable (see #1 above), but every year the field–and by that I mean the interdisciplinary field (#3)–has more to offer the public.
  • 8. Put the brakes on “building a brain” — we already have plenty of them.
  • in my opinion we have enough to do with respect to figuring our how our organic brain works without spending massive resources on trying to recreate one.
  • 9. Turn the corner from “what’s wrong with our brains” to “what we can really do about it.” 
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What is intelligence ? | BrainFacts.org Blog - 0 views

blog.brainfacts.org/...what-is-intelligence
shared by David McGavock on 31 Dec 12 - No Cached
  • What do we mean when we say someone is intelligent and is there any scientific basis for defining intelligence? These questions have been at the center of a more than century-old debate in psychology.
  • Although it may be practical for people to think of intelligence as something that exists, whether science should consider intelligence and how it would define it remains very controversial.
  • A recent study published by Hampshire et al.1 from the University of Western Ontario has looked into the brain areas that are activated by tasks that are typically used to test for intelligence. In doing so they hoped to determine if brain areas related to cognitive demands are activated altogether as demands increase during intelligence tests of various kinds, or if some areas were activated during tests for a specific intelligence domain and not for others.
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  • The study is interesting because it provides three candidate intelligence factors (instead of 1) that have been built not from intuition about what tasks do but based on the set of brain areas that might contribute to those tasks. However don’t get too excited, the methods used have severe limitations and we are still only at the hypothesis level. We do not know how these areas contribute to performance in intelligence tests and we do not know why they are activated and how they interact together to create the behavior.
  • David McGavock on 31 Dec 12
     
    A recent study published by Hampshire et al.1 from the University of Western Ontario has looked into the brain areas that are activated by tasks that are typically used to test for intelligence. In doing so they hoped to determine if brain areas related to cognitive demands are activated altogether as demands increase during intelligence tests of various kinds, or if some areas were activated during tests for a specific intelligence domain and not for others.
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Music as Medicine for the Brain - US News and World Report - 0 views

health.usnews.com/...as-medicine-for-the-brain.html music therapy Parkinson's Alzheimer's brain neuroscience medicine
shared by Tero Toivanen on 27 Sep 09 - No Cached
  • Tero Toivanen on 27 Sep 09
     
    Music therapy has been practiced for decades as a way to treat neurological conditions from Parkinson's to Alzheimer's to anxiety and depression. Now, advances in neuroscience and brain imaging are revealing what's actually happening in the brain as patients listen to music or play instruments and why the therapy works.
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YouTube - Split brain behavioral experiments - 0 views

www.youtube.com/watch left hemisphere right hemisphere corpus callosum nonconscious cerebral hemisphere youtube
shared by Tero Toivanen on 19 Jul 09 - Cached
  • Tero Toivanen on 19 Jul 09
     
    Left and right hemisphere's functions.
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